Onke amaxesha Tyumen: kukude kangakanani na likomkhulu oyile negesi ukusuka kulawulo?

Kuba abantu abaninzi ehlabathini lonke Tyumen enxulumene ne-oyile negesi. Ukuba umntu ayikho oyingcali geography okanye ingcali oyile negesi candelo, umbuzo ethile malunga umkhondo kule ndawo iimpendulo ziya kwahluka. Khumbula ke eSiberia, kwaye North kunye Urals, waphendula ngokunyaniseka, kodwa abayazi. Kwaye nje ezimbalwa, ukongeza abahlali balapha, uya Kazi izowuni yexesha in Tyumen.

A bit yomlando

Enyanisweni, ukusuka kwindawo geographical lwembono, Tyumen - Urals ayikho, nangona, kwaye yinxalenye phambene Federal District, yaye eSiberia wokwenene, nakuba West. Esi sixeko inabemi abangaphezu kwamakhulu amathandathu amawaka ngumbindi yephondo homonymous, ebandakanya ummandla Khanty-Mansi and District Ukuzilawula Yamalo-Nenets. Ngoko ke, lo mmandla wonke enkulu phantse yaba sisigidi nesiqingatha ezikwere zeekhilomitha, leyo inkulu kakhulu ngaphezu kwalo naliphi na ilizwe laseYurophu, ebizwa kummandla Tyumen.

Tyumen yasekwa ngexesha lokuqala ekoyiswa eSiberia ngo-1586 yaye, enyanisweni, umzi wokuqala yaseSiberia. ukubaluleka kwayo mkhulu Russian Federation emva kokuba afumaneka kummandla iidiphozithi ezizizembiwa, apho wafumana iwonga ongamiselwanga-oli negesi lwenkunzi eRashiya.

Umahluko ne eMoscow

Umgama phakathi oyile negesi kunye ikomkhulu lolawulo eRussia 1725 km. Nangona umgama omkhulu onjalo yaye bobakhe ukuya kwikona eSiberia, Tyumen kancinane kumantla eMoscow, umahluko kwiqondo ngaphantsi kwe ezimbini ekwizibanzi, oko kukuthi, ngaphantsi kwe ezimakhulu mabini kweekhilomitha. Kodwa qaphela amaxesha Tyumen yahlukile eMoscow iiyure ezimbini. Ukuba umzi kufutshane-ikhweyitha, lo mahluko yaba kwicandelo elinye kuphela. Kodwa ekubeni isiphumo kwenzeka ngasentla 55 ekwizibanzi parallel entla, ukusonjululwa isidanga omnye mileage kakhulu ngaphantsi.

A bit ngembali lwemimandla ixesha

Ukususela zokwamkelwa postulate le sphericity komhlaba kunye ukujikeleza layo ngeenxa ilanga, kwaye kwacaca ukuba izibane isikhanyiso ihlabathi akulingani kwaye ngexesha elinye. Kodwa ke ingxaki yexesha sokuGcina ungqamaniso akuthathi ndawo. Xa lengoma ngamnye kwisixeko ixesha kwaba ngendlela yaso. Umbuzo apho izowuni yexesha Tyumen kunye London, akakafiki woba akavukanga. Xa ilanga kwi indawo yayo ephezulu - kwaba semini. Ukususela kule ngxelo, ndaza ndahamba. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuphi nesixeko wakhetha ngexesha elinye, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha oko kunokubangela iimpazamo, kwaye umahluko ixesha akwazi ukufikelela ikota yeyure.

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, ngenxa kuphuhliso ngokubanzi yezithuthi kaloliwe, umahluko ekuhambeni kwexesha kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo baqalisa ukuzisa ukuphazamiseka enkulu. Kuba okokuqala nje ixesha sokuGcina ungqamaniso ukwenza eNgilani - inkokeli kwehlabathi ngezoshishino ixesha. Ukususela ngo-1840 zonke izitishi kaloliwe eNgilani swi ixesha eLondon, kodwa ilizwe lonke watshintshela ngexesha elinye iminyaka emashumi mane kuphela emva kokwamkelwa umthetho.

Ngo-1884 kwi kwisahlulo ihlabathi ezingamashumi amabini anesine imimandla Waqala ukuthetha lonke ihlabathi, kwaye kulo nyaka ngomhla wokutyikitywa kwesivumelwano ngamazwe. Abameli yamazwe amabini anesithandathu bavumelana inkqubo eqhelekileyo ukucanda ixesha kunye nexesha ehlabathini. Noko ke, abameli Russian Federation wala ukuba basayine imvumelwano, ngoko ke izowuni yexesha eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwiminyaka Tyumen 35 jikelele, lo gama Soviet Russia kange lifakwe inkqubo enye ixesha lwehlabathi.

ixesha ehlotyeni

The British ezo zimvo kunye neminye imiba enxulumene nexesha. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, umbane imali eninzi kakhulu, kwaye usomashishini London kwinqaku lephephandaba wacebisa ukuba ukonga kwiindleko ukukhanya. Kwafuneka ukuba ukuguqulela ixesha imizuzu engamashumi amabini phambili ukusukela ngo-Epreli, ukuze ubuyele umva ekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Le mbono wokusindisa neendleko umbane sele uphunyeziwe eNgilani ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, ucinga kuphela eyodwa inkqubo lwehlabathi translation ixesha lwaqhutywa ngeyure enye.

Emva kwemfazwe, ukugcina inkqubo waya kumazwe amaninzi. Noko ke, kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kwakukho iqela ezininzi lwe emini ixesha. Bakuphawula abanikaziyo ukuba umbane kwawa kwenkulungwane, kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni ezingundoqo abantu ngokwabo. Kuba abantu abaqhelekileyo, ixesha utshintsho kuphazamisa umzimba. Ukususela ingcamango emini ixesha, washiywa kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini, kuquka eRashiya ngowe-2011, ukulungisa umahluko ixesha phakathi eMoscow London kwiiyure ezintathu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ummandla ixesha yahlukile Tyumen zero eLondon iiyure ezintlanu.

Phakathi Tyumen and eMoscow

Ukongezelela eyahlula ngaphantsi komhlaba kwimimandla ixesha ezingamashumi amabini anesine, kwagqitywa ekubeni utshintsho imimandla ayifani ncam ecaleni esiqu, kodwa athathe ingqalelo karhulumente (ukuba ilizwe lonke na ummandla elinye ixesha) kunye nemida yolawulo-ndawo (ukuba kukho ezininzi).

Kummandla Russia, ukongeza, ukuba kwelikhulu kule ndawo, kananjalo mde entshona ukuya empuma. Ngoko ke, oko kuquka abaninzi kangangoko elinanye kwimimandla ixesha. Ukuba uthatha i Tyumen, ummandla wexesha ngokunxulumene eMoscow kuya kuba iiyure ezimbini. Oko kukuthi ixesha kuyo yonke le ngingqi Tyumen iya kwahluka eMoscow iiyure ezimbini ngendlela enkulu. Kodwa kwiindawo ezininzi kummandla Tyumen ngexesha ukusa kwelanga ngenxa kwizikhewu makhulu ibe ngaphezu kweyure. Umgama phakathi moya imizi (naphaya ukulungiselela izowuni yexesha) Tyumen-eMoscow unako ngokukhawuleza okuzisombulula: ukubhabha ukusuka West eSiberia kunye ilanga ekuseni nobudoda ahlangane kwikomkhulu Russian.