Omkhulu waseVictoria - u-Queen of England

Wazalelwa ngowe-1819. Ngeminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo, ngowe-1837, waba ngukumkanikazi. Iminyaka yokulawula kwakhe (1837-1901) yayibizwa ngokuba yixesha lama-Victorian - ixesha lokuzinza, ukuhlonipha nokuchuma. Kwakubukumkani obuninzi ngaphambili kwimbali yaseBrithani. U-Queen waseNgilandi uVictoria wayeyinkosikazi yoBukumkani baseBrithani. I-England efanayo kwiXIX yeXesti yaba ngumhlaba wehlabathi: amandla angakaze afumaneke ayefumana ukuveliswa kwezentengiselwano, urhwebo lwachuma kwaye imizi yakhula.

Ekuzalweni kwakhe wanikwa igama elihle likaAlexandra-Victoria. Igama lokuqala ngokuhlonela u-godfather, uMlawuli waseRashiya u- Alexander I. Umntwana owayengumntwana wetrone wayeyindoda engaphezu kwesigodlo. Isiseko sokukhuliselwa kwakhe kwakukho zonke iintlobo zokuthintela kunye nemiyalelo eqinile evela kumgcini kunye nonina (uyise, uDuke waseKent, wafa emva kweenyanga ezili-8 emva kokuzalwa kwentombi yakhe). Ngethemba lakhe elihle, ukuba unguKumkani waseNgilani, uVictoria wafunda eneminyaka eyi-12. "Ndiya kuba ngileyo!" - wamemeza ke ukumkanikazi, kwaye lonke ixesha elide lokulawula kwakhe alizange liphule isithembiso.

Imfundo "ye-Iron" ifuthe ukubaluleka kokubaluleka kwimiba yomlawuli, njengokuzimisela kokwenza izigqibo, ukukwazi ukukhetha kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezinokubaluleka, nakubantu abazungezile-baninzi abathembekileyo. UMongameli waseNgilani wayengumntu ogunyazisiweyo, ebonisa ukuzimela, ukuqina komlinganiso, amandla omoya, kwaye ngelo xesha wayehlala ehlala ngumfazi. Kwaye ke, xa ethanda uNkosana Albert ngaphandle kwememori , waba ngumfazi wakhe, kwaye kamva unina wabantwana abasithoba. Kwaye, emva kweminyaka engama-20 yobomi obonwabileyo nomyeni onomdla kwiminyaka emininzi wayenesijwili kwaye wakhala ngenxa yokufa kwakhe.

Kwakuvela ngexesha lokulawula kukaVictoria ukuba amandla obukhosi ayeke ukuphazamisa ubomi bobupolitika baseBrithani. Ubukhosi bulahlekelwe ziinkalo zeziko lezopolitiko, kuba ngumqondiso, isiko kunokuziphatha ngokwezopolitiko. UVictoria unguNdlovukazi yokuqala yaseNgilani, inxaxheba yakhe ekulawuleni ilizwe yayingumqondiso. Kwaye kwakhiwa loo meko yombuso, uGeorge Orwell wathi ngokugqithiseleyo: "... Amandla okwenene abathobekileyo kubakhonkco, kunye nokuhamba kwinqwelo, ebonakalisa ubukhulu, wahlala omnye umntu ...".

Ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa kweentsapho kunye nefuthe lokuba uVictoria, uMthekazi waseNgilandi, abe nezopolitiki zaseYurophu, wayebizwa ngokuba ngu-"ugogo waseYurophu". Akukho nkosi eNgilani yayithandwa njengeVictoria. Ukulawula kwakhe kwaqinisa amandla okuziphatha yesithsaba. UKumkanikazi uVictoria unemifanekiso engaphezulu kuneyiphi na enye inkosi yaseBrithani, kwaye igama lakhe lingafihlwanga ngamagama karhulumente wase-Australia, imvula yamanzi edumile kuMlambo waseZambezi, ilitye elikhulu kwilizwekazi laseAfrika, isixeko saseCanada.

Ngomnyaka we-1901 u-Queen of England wafa, abantu baqonda isiganeko esibuhlungu njengobungqina bokuphela kwekhulu le-XIX. Ngokudlula uVictoria, u-Queen of United Kingdom wase-Great Britain kunye ne-Ireland, umkhuseli wokholo, uMpress waseNdiya (lo hlobo wawunesihloko ekupheleni kokulawula kokumkanikazi), ixesha laphela, wambiza igama lakhe - i-Victorian.