Ngubani na iPacific? Esi uxolo, ilungu intshukumo uxolo emhlabeni wonke

Ukususela kwixesha lakudala, abantu baye babandezeleka ugonyamelo nemfazwe. Ukutyhubela imbali kwetonela badlula i "abaprofeti" ngubani wasivuna uxolo nenzolo. Namhlanje, la mabutho zoxolo kunye yokukhanya ebizwa nempi.

Ingqiqo ka "iPacific" yaye "pacifism"

Igama elithi "pacifism" liye iingcambu Latin yaye lithetha "uxolo-ekwenziweni", "abathwele ihlabathi." Le ngcamango ushwankathela ngelithi ideology, iintshukumo zentlalo kunye neentanda, injongo efanayo apho ekulweni nobundlobongela, ukusekwa yoxolo, ukunqanda imfazwe gazi. Rhoqo zidibana kunye nentshukumo antimilitarist kunye imizabalazo anti-impiriyali, njengoko liye nabo lweengcambu ezizinzululwazi non-ubundlobongela ngokuchasene umntu.

IPacific --nxaxheba, lweli intshukumo woxolo. Umntu sixhasa kupheliswe ubundlobongela, usenza njengokuba buyinto kakubi. ukulwa iPacific and non-nogonyamelo iindlela: imiboniso zoxolo, nkqubo, ukufikelela isivumelwano phakathi thethwano.

Imvelaphi pacifism

Intsingiselo yegama elithi "iPacific" wafumana le nkcazo zenzululwazi kuphela ngenkulungwane XIX, kodwa ekuqaleni uluntu kubekho ukruthakruthwano phakathi kwemikhosi okulungileyo nokubi.

Kukholelwa ukuba isiseko pacifism, azalelwa kuyo, yi Buddhism. Le mfundiso basic mfundiso zonqulo-bulumko na non-ubundlobongela kunye nokuhlalisana esinoxolo lonke uluntu. USiddhārtha Gautama - umseki obuBhuda, enyanisweni, i iPacific wokuqala ezaziwayo. Nguye kuloo BC ngenkulungwane VI. e. Wakhuthaza ukukhanyiselwa nokuvuka kokomoya ngokusebenzisa uphuhliso engqondweni nasentliziyweni.

yayiba eyayikuyo intshukumo uxolo

Ngaphezu koko, ikhuni anti-imfazwe wathabatha ngamaKristu okuqala. Xa BC ngenkulungwane II. e. bala ukuya emkhosini, khon 'ukuze bathathe inxaxheba iimfazwe zibulala abantu. Ngenxa yoku, abaninzi ukholo, kodwa amaxwebhu embali ubungqina ubuStoyike lwabo Amazing nokholo kuKristu.

Pacifism obo xa amaKristu ingcamango imfazwe "nje". Le nkolo yobuKristu usifundise ukuba imfazwe inkululeko kunye nomzabalazo nxamnye notshaba kunyulu. Kodwa wafunga ukuba bangaze baye emfazweni kuqala, musa ukuya uchuku i ukuhlangana, siphakamise 'uxolo lukaThixo "kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Xa XVI-XVII kwiinkulungwane eYurophu wahlasela izimpi zenkolo. Yaba koHlaziyo, xa ihlabathi umKristu ongatshatanga yahlulwa iicawa eziliqela yesizwe. Le nto yaba neziphumo mixed nembali:-gazi ekhohlakeleyo yabangela ezininzi iintshukumo anti-imfazwe lonke yezwekazi Europe. abameli balo ebalaseleyo baba uAleksandr Mak, Dzhordzh Foks, Grebel, Marpek, Simons Erazm Rotterdamsky.

I Napoleonic Wars aba negalelo ekuveleni lencinibakazi elilandelayo pacifism. Kubanjwe imiboniso anti-imfazwe, ngeenkongolo ngamazwe, imfazwe wawufuna ukuba ithintele naliphi na inyathelo yomkhosi imipu zonke iintlanga neembambano ngamazwe yoconjululwa enkundleni.

Ngo-Russia, i iPacific idumileyo owayephila kwinkulungwane XIX. It - L. N. Tolstoy. imisebenzi yakhe ukuba inguqu esinoxolo oluntu kunye nakwenzeka naluphi na utshintsho loluntu ngokusebenzisa labanobungqwangangqwili benza igalelo elikhulu ukuya ngcinga pacifism.

iPacific iflegi

Emva Second World War, nto leyo athi izigidi zabantu, pacifism iye ingcamango ethandwayo kakhulu. Xa intloko kuphuhliso loluntu wabeka imigaqo iPacific lobuntu, intlonipho kunye nenkululeko ngamnye. Ngoku iPacific - ayikho nje inkokheli ibe nye, odlalela uxolo ehlabathini, kodwa lilungu le-multi-sigidi se dollar intshukumo umbutho, eye imfundiso yayo, ii-ofisi kunye nee-ofisi ngamazwe.

Ngowe-1958, ngokuba imfazwe yayo umqondiso wathabatha iisimboli, ezaba sisiseko le Rune Algiz. intsingiselo yalo yemveli - ukhuseleko isiqaqa nilwela phezulu. Kwifomu zocaphulo oko kufana umthi, kuncothulwa emhlabeni, engumqondiso imfihlelo ulwazi yamandulo nobulumko.

Olu phawu kwi imfazwe ezibonisa iiflegi zabo likhona kwi ezandleni demonstrators kwi irallie anti-nuclear kwakunye phezu ofisi abavikeli zehlabathi.