Mountains Suntar-Hayata: indawo wejografi, imithombo yendalo

Le babeziindleko enkulu kumntla-mpuma kummandla Russia, phakathi Yakutia kunye iyavuma Territory, yolula xitsunga Suntar-Hayata. Afihlakeleyo ntshonalanga Verkhoyansk Range owasentla-mpuma - kummango Cherskogo, kangangeenkulungwane wahlala elingoyiswayo kunye unexplored. Name Suntar-Hayata lithetha "iintaba Suntar". legends Local kuwuvakalisa a shaman enamandla Suntar, ngubani balihlutha ukwazi okukhulu, kodwa akazange zahluke isimo nokuthantamisa. Akukho namnye wayefuna esingasingisi bengaqondanga komsindo wakhe. Abantu akazange afune ukuba ukuphazamisa yinkosikazi ngayo ubukhosi bakhe.

ze yamandulo elidlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, unanamhla iintaba kude kwaye ingafikeleleki ezininzi iimfihlakalo kunye iimfihlelo. Baye umtsalane zokuma, mountaineers, beentaba, abafoti kunye zezinto eziphilayo. Yaye akukho namnye kubo akazange abuye adaniswe.

amagugu eSiberia

Ukuba uthe wagqithela Handygskoy kuhola wendlela, edityaniswe Yakutsk ukuya Magadan, ngeliso lenyama ukubona, iincopho ikhephu ezigqunywe iingangamsha Suntar-Hayata. Ingongoma eliphezulu le kummango ifikelela phantse 3000 eemitha. A Ubude zokhahlamba oziikhilomitha ezingama-450. Hi ndlela leyi, iincopho eziphambili kunye zomkhenkce zikwindawo kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-100 ukusuka le ndlela. Kwaye enye indlela ayikho apho.

Noko ke, umgama ukusuka iindlela zonxibelelwano yesiqhelo yaye ngokufuthi nekhabhoni osu- kwezinye iindawo mveliso, uye wanceda ukugcina imbonakalo ye kwaye uzive kubunye nendalo. Kusekho elibaleka imilambo ecacileyo, apho ungoyiki ukuba basele, ukukhula amahlathi ezintabeni, akukho mntu ulimeleyo amabala ukugawula kungachetywa ntloko zezi balapha enqabileyo benza adle ukulima umhlaba.

Yakutia and iyavuma Territory, yaye oku kanye iphi na Suntar-Hayata, izityebi kwizimbiwa. Ubukhulu becala lo nsimbi iidipozithi eziqulathe zesilivere, nobhedu, Tungsten, nebhekile, indium kunye bismuth. Ukongeza, le ngingqi zizityebi iidiphozithi ngegolide, namatye anqabileyo. Khangela nokuphuhliswa iidipozithi ezinjalo, yaye waba ukuzisa uphuhliso kwingingqi yaye bafunde iintaba. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa The Ridge

Ndahamba ngo 1639. Cossack Ivan Moskvitin kunye ibutho labantu 39 bawela uluhlu entabeni, ifikelela emdeni kuLwandle Okhotsk kwaye ubeka ikhabhathi apho. Yaba yokuqala ekwahlala Russian kunxweme wePasifiki. Injongo yale umkhankaso yaba ukuqokelela oboya, sifuna ukuba amazwe amatsha, yaye - okubaluleke - kujongwa imeko ntaba Circolo, apho amarhe, kwakukho iidipozithi natyebileyo nsimbi yesilivere. Mount Cossack ayifumaneki, kodwa ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngoku kukho njengesiqalo uphando.

Kodwa ke iintaba kabuhlungu wavumela iindwendwe. Flying iminyaka namashumi eminyaka, walungelelanisa zonke kwiphulo elitsha, kodwa indawo apho kummango Suntar-Hayata, baqhubeka sihlale litshatshazi ngeetshathi. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ndawo sabhalwa ngowe-1944 ukudubula Airbrush. Emva koko wathunyelwa kwenye uhambo uphando yedeskthopi eyayikhokelwa V. M. Zavadovskogo.

Eyona njongo iphambili yale umkhankaso ebengaveli izimbiwa Suntar-Hayata. Izazinzulu kwafuneka ukuba benze imephu oluchanileyo ndawo uze uchaze mmandla ngokweenkcukacha. Noko ke, ukubuya yabalasela ezingundaba: iincopho kummango zigutyungelwe yi ezihambayo.

Isifundo komkhenkce

Ngowe-1881 imbeko nangokuma kunye A. ngemozulu I. Voeykov ubungqina lwenzululwazi nakwenzeka lobukho komkhenkce eMpuma eSiberia. izigqibo zayo ke wakha phezu yokuba kule ngingqi umoya ebusika aphantsi kakhulu, kodwa ke inani lilonke imvula ngonyaka engephi. Ngowe-1938, xa umsebenzi wakhe 'Iziseko Climatology "L. S. Berg bayayixhasa le ngoluvo.

Kwaye ngoku, emva kweminyaka emithandathu kuphela, Zavodovsky uhambo kuzisa ubungqina ukuba umkhenkce apho. Emva kwenye kweminyaka emithathu, ndaqokelela ulwazi malunga zomkhenkce 208 ukuyigubungela kummango Suntar-Hayata. Inkcazelo senziwa ulwazi oluqokelelweyo ngoncedo Iifoto zasemoyeni. Le ndawo iyonke komkhenkce, ngokutsho zokuma, yaba ezikwere zeekhilomitha 201,6. A imali iyonke yeekhilomitha cubic meter ukuya ku-12.

Ekubeni iimephu baba ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga iintaba Suntar-Hayata. Amafoto eziye zahlelwa zaza, wanceda sichaze ukuba yintoni na amaphecana eziphambili ngumkhenkce, njengoko bekulindelekile, ubukhulu becala bakwicandelo amanqaku aphezulu: emantloko Mus-Khaya, beryllium, Vaskovsky, Obrucheva kunye Rakovski. Bonke babe kubude ngaphezu 2700 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Enye glacier ithiywe emva yiSoviet Doctor of Sciences Geographical, vnosshego igalelo elikhulu ukuya kubume lwengingqi zesizwe geography ngokwasemzimbeni. It - Glacier Solovyov. Suntar-Hayata - Range e Yakutia, eliphethe memory zezazinzulu Russian. Kodwa baninzi, kunye namabali abo.

Legend of umgcini zeentaba

Akusoloko zigqunywe amabali i loyikekayo kunye ziphakamileyo. Phakathi Yakut kunye Evenki namabali ezininzi yeha Alton. Le top encinci, ezinemithi kwi-1542 ubude ukusuka kokuphakama kolwandle (ngenxa kuthelekiswa, Mountain Ixhama Shaya ufikelela iimitha 2959, nto leyo phantse ngokuphindwe kabini). Legend yokuba kanye intliziyo entabeni kukho ichibi magic. Embindini kweli dama emangalisayo phantsi komhlaba i itrone oqingqiweyo ukusuka iqhekeza olunye ubuhle emangalisayo Jasper. Kwaye phezu kwetrone wahlala indoda endala Alton - umgcini ngasemva zeentaba. amanzi ngomlingo edikeni pha kuye ukungafi. Le amanzi ndiphilise umntu nakweyiphi sifo. Kodwa akukho ofayo nabuganga nokusondela Altona echibini. Kwaye ukuba anyuke intaba, Ongasinikelanga wonke. Kuphela abathandazi ezinkulu ukunxibelelana nehlabathi oomoya, yiya khona ukumamela ukuthanda wooyise.

Kumaxesha amandulo, xa ihlabathi wayeselula, emahlathini abaninzi umdlalo kunye nemilambo baba uzele ziintlanzi, waphila umntu oselula elikroti, Evenk. Wayeselula, Yomelela, amahle ohlonelwayo endlwini kayise. Le nkwenkwe liye umzingeli ngqindilili kunye nempumelelo. Akazange wabuyela usapho ngaphandle umlilo.

Ngenye imini xa lokuzingela umfana weva becula mgama. Kanye komlanjana gurgled ethekweni, ngokungathi umoya elisebezayo kancinane, ngokungathi ilanga ngokwayo wanika ubushushu balo eli ilizwi emangalisayo. Umzingeli entsha, ndizilibala yonke, balandela izandi ezimangalisayo. Eli lizwi intombazana entle, apho umzingeli waba ngumntu othile kanye wabona. iimvakalelo zakhe wenza okufanayo, yaye kungekudala abantu abaselula ukuba lilungele emtshatweni.

Kodwa ke ezibuhlungu kwenzeka. umzingeli Ntanda abagulayo kunye neqalayo ukubuna emehlweni akhe. Akukho ingca, akukho iyelenqe, akukho shaman Ubhala ayikwazi kuyisindisa. Sigulo, ukuba umzingeli ujika ilungu mdala wesizwe. Kwaye umntu omdala isixelela indlela ukuya omlingo iintaba echibini umgcini. Ulumkisa kwakhe ingozi. Umgcini Alton ongabunyamezeliyo nabaqhekezi. kabini ngonyaka, ngexesha ekwindla yaye yasentwasahlobo, ishiya ekhwela itrone nobusuku encotsheni yeentaba Suntar-Hayata.

Umzingeli entsha, ukuzila, ngathi ichamois intaba kwaye isigqibo njengoko nengwe njengekhephu, ezihamba uhambo. Elide okanye elifutshane kuhamba, kodwa ekugqibeleni, uza ngenkalo yeentaba zam, ngasesangweni lomqolomba; elinde ebusuku, ingena elwandle, uphose umlobothi ngenxa buncwane intanda yakhe.

Kodwa lo mfana ayikwazanga ukubaleka baphume emehlweni Altona. Angry, indoda endala kangaka idale rockfall ezazisithe esangweni lomqolomba ekhokelela elwandle, ukuze afundise ukuba umntu abadla amanzi ayo. A lizingela young iintaba umgcini obungenakuzanyazanyiswa wenza ngonaphakade sasebukhosini yakhe.

Mount Alton

Namhlanje Mount Alton enanditshwa elibi nabantu basekuhlaleni. Abazingeli athi kwanamarhamncwa asendle abadlula ntaba iyingozi. Hayi kude entabeni, eziphaphazelayo phezu Suntar-Hayata, indawo zokuhlala apho sele yasekwa kakuhle ngexesha le ntaka lungqubene. Kuwa wabulala abantu abathathu. Abanye abakhenkethi nabo baphulukana nobomi babo ukubeka unyawo kula kumathambeka mkhohlisi Altona. Konke oku kuphela izibaso iinkolelo endala. Nakuba kunjalo, amanani enjalo aphela rhoqo kwezinye iindawo. Kwaye kwenzeka elula ngokufuthi zisetyenziswa kuphela ukuqinisekisa into ngokunzulu waqiniseka ngaphandle kwazo.

Isimo ukuya entabeni kunye eyingqongileyo kubonakaliswe amagama. Enyanisweni, kukho eqhutywa iliwa, ekuthiwa ngomnwe nguMtyholi. Hayi kude nonyawo nendawo eyaziwa ngokuba uMtyholi Amangcwaba. Kukho amathambo fefa amaxhama, badlula kwaye eyome yi kwexesha. Kuyabonakala ukuba, izilwanyana bathunyelwa apha, xa beziva indlela zokufa.

ngomnwe UMtyholi phantsi kwecandelo nkqo ye ithambeka yokungena zibonakale ukuya emqolombeni. Ngokutsho amavo, kukho iqala msele elide, nto leyo imi ekupheleni chibi bephilisa ngamanzi. Kodwa ukuya emqolombeni kunokwenzeka kuphela kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa ukucaca. Nangona edikeni noqinisa asinakufumana, kodwa akayifumana imilonde kude eNtabeni Wolf mlanjana kunye ereweyelolo ezimbalwa ukusuka phantsi izitshixo zehlabathi. Amanzi, Kakade ke, umlingo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo ephilisa. Kunye yezimbiwa ukuhlamba rhoqo leached ukusuka ezinzulwini Suntar-Hayata, ukunceda nokuphilisa izifo ezininzi ulusu kwaye nkqu ukuphelisa bemilenze emathanjeni.

Indima imilambo Uncedo Suntar-Hayata

Ridge Suntar-Hayata i yomlambo Chevy Indigirka kunye Aldan. Kule ndawo, abaninzi imilambo ezintle ugeleza. Inkqubo umlambo kakhulu ebanzi Indigirka nemingenela. Elishweni lakhe Kongor umlambo Agayakan, Suntar, Azeykan kunye Kuydusun. Le tyry amanzi eziqokelelweyo Aldan, Eastern Khandyga kunye Yudoma. A Hunting, Delkyu Okhotsk, Ulbeya, Urak, Kukhtui kunye Ketanda ngumsinga ukuya kuLwandle Okhotsk.

Ukubakho imilambo emininzi kangaka ayikwazanga lingaveli ekubunjweni isiqabu. Rivers Wayixakaxa nemiwonyo enzulu malunga kwalapho oselula. Ukuba ujonga evela emajukujukwini, le ndawo ikhangeleka ngathi ingxilimbela enkulu, ngasizathu sithile, intaba Ndayishwabanisa ngathi ephepheni. A mkhanya ezisentlabathini kunandipha ebukekayo of racing kwamanzi anamandla ezaphukileyo ubaqangqulule angabikho kubude seengxangxasi enengxolo kunye ebengezelayo.

Noko ke, kukho ubuhle onjalo nanko ke bambalwa abanyuliweyo. Ngenxa soyise ezi imilambo akukho lula. Awela ngokusebenzisa kubo izaliswe ziingozi ezininzi. Ngexesha okukhawulezayo, rhoqo ndiba (amacandelo nzulu kunye randomly saa kwi emazantsi nezinkulu) yaze yaqengqelekela (nzulu, ekwimo umngxuma kunye iinxalenye evakalala ezantsi) ngokunzulu nzima umsebenzi. Ukongeza, inqanaba amanzi emilanjeni isoloko ngonyaka kabukhali. Oku kungenxa yokuba bondliwa kuphela imvula, kodwa ngenxa ukunyibilika iphepha ice kunye tarynov (esinee-ice iqina entilini ebusika).

chibi Labyngkyr

Kwiingingqi apho Suntar-Khayat, oluninzi amachibi. Ngokufuthi kakade banetyala imvelaphi yabo ezihambayo. Xa uninzi kuyo - amachibi ezincinane, abhijelwe kwisakhelo esi entlabathi.ame. A Ngaphandle emnandi ngokuphathelele eli chibi Labyngkyr. Yanyukela kubude ngaphezu kwewaka iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, ukuba esizigubungeleyo iikhilomitha-14 ubude yaye ezine neekhilomitha ububanzi. Ubunzulu layo nalo kakhulu - ngamanye amaxesha ufikelela iimitha 53. Amanzi ngokumangalisayo uhlambulukile. Kwinxalenye esemantla elubala wamanzi - malunga ezilishumi eemitha.

Eli chibi esisityebi iintlanzi - grayling, Pike, Sipho, kumgxobhozo, trout, whitefish, Dolly Varden kunye nabanye. Le ntlanzi inkulu - burbot. Kodwa ukuloba apha zange ziphuhliswe kakhulu. Kukholelwa ukuba kule minyaka yokugqibela ezimbini chibi wayeloba ngeekhilogram ezingamashumi kuphela iintlanzi. Oku akothusi. Elimi apha ingafikeleleki ebusika kwaye wenze apha icimile imida. Ngapha koko, lo mmandla apho kukho ichibi Labyngkyr, abanda somhlaba saseNtla.

Amanzi e Labyngkyre njalo ezibandayo. Nokuba kwixesha angasisichenge kuyo ehlotyeni, ubushushu lingaphumi ngaphezu kwenqanaba degrees ezilithoba. Akumangalisi, eli chibi ngumkhenkce kamva ngaphezu kwabanye. Ngoxa amachibi ezimelene ndikhwele ngelori ngokuzola, Labyngkyr ayifiki layigubungela uqweqwe yonxweme ngumkhenkce. Nditsho kuneqabaka eziqatha shestidesyatigradusnye ukuya kule umzimba ngamanzi kuyingozi. Lo matshini unakho ngalo naliphi na ixesha fail ngesiquphe yaye uye phantsi kwamanzi.

Flora Suntar-Hayata

izityalo ezahlukeneyo ngombala ehlotyeni emva kwisithili lonke, niphuphuma imibala okumangalisayo Suntar-Hayata. Gold, neengubo ezimfusa, nekarbhunkolo, uluhlu eluhlaza naorenji - sizoku lwisana iincopho emnyama elikhulu CAPS ezimhlophe konke oku, ukuxhasa isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza, ukudala umfanekiso kumnandi.

flora okupheleleyo uye wabonisa ngokucacileyo zocando nkqo. Ukususela kwiimitha 2000 kwaye ngaphezu entlango eliphezulu iqala. Akukho ikhula nto. Intaba emathafeni ibekwe kwi lokuphumla ukususela 1400 ukuya ku-2000 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kwimida ophezulu ziyabanjwa ubulembu kuphela, ulele ukuze izondlo sisicatshulwa esithathwe moraines yamandulo (intlenga eziyintlanganisela ezihambayo). Ngaphezu koko, ezantsi kumathambeka kuqala safaka ukuvela ezinqabileyo iziqithi poppy zasezintabeni, rozi zegolide yaye kunqabile willow ezingakhuliyo ezincinanana.

Ngasezantsi, uye izenzo isijungqu esiqhubekayo ezirhubuluzayo omsedare. Ngesibindi liphuma ngaphezu komhlaba kwemitha enesiqingatha. Phakathi ezinde ezincinanana Middendorf ukuza liphela larch Dahurian. Kodwa ke kumathambeka aphantsi masimu ukususela malunga 1500 neemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, ugqunywe ihlathi avuthulukayo ngokwenene.

kulona

Hlathi zezilwanyana obonwabisayo zahlukene. Kukho kuhlala elk kunye nemihlambi adle zasendle. Suntar-Hayata intaba zokhahlamba indawo logqaliselo izimvu bighorn ezinqabileyo. It is a lweentlobo ezinqabileyo kunye zokuhlala kwintsimi ekwanti. Ngeli xesha, iigusha bighorn ephantsi akhuselwe ngumthetho yolondolozo lwezilwanyana ezinqabileyo.

Emahlathini kwaye nkqu elulwalweni nemilambo eziphakamileyo kumathafa kumiwa hi kwemivundla ezinkulu engwevu nomvundla. Emahlathini weentaba nezihlambo avuthulukayo zezona ebomvu indawo kunye oonomatse abamnyama, nomatse eziphaphazelayo kunye kubethwa ngumoya. chipmunks ukuyo zehla kwi etyholweni. emnyango Ngakubo kwakuhlala uhlobo olude engaqhelekanga eKamchatka KwiMarmot. Xa kwakubhalwa abantu kwindawo unomatse (US Long-tailed nomatse emhlabeni).

Suntar-Hayat njengendawo yokhenketho

Suntar-Hayata intaba lomqolo ezitsala abakhenkethi, beentaba. Apha kunokwenzeka ukuba abeke ukunyuka intaba, Ukuskiya kunye namanzi iindlela wobunzima ezahlukeneyo. Ezilele sise kude omkhulu ukusuka kwiindawo esembindini omiweyo yaye naziphi na Iziporo ogangathiweyo. Lo mba iba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kuphuhliso kushishino lwezokhenketho. Noko ke, oko ivumela ukugcina nokutsala iphambili yalo mmandla - acwengileyo yayo ezinobuhle.

iindlela ehlahla, abahambi baqonde ukuba eli phulo liya kuqhutywa Inkululeko epheleleyo. Oku kongeza romance yaye uchulumancile. rhoqo iindlela zenzelwe ukuze ukhwela phezulu kuhlelwa, kwaye ukubuyiselwa boyise, ukuqabela phezu kwemilambo. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi hambo kuthatha iinyanga ezininzi. Zifuna ukulungiswa kakhulu kunye nokucwangcisa ngenyameko. Kukho ithuba iqela ukhenketho, ikhokelwa guides abanamava. Amaninzi kumaphulo ezinjalo basebenza amahashe, eziqulathe imithwalo buqu kunye nezixhobo inkampu ukule jikelele.