Kummandla Reserve Samara. Zhiguli reserve

Region Samara ndawo inama iindawo ezininzi ezintle, apho abantu beza ukunandipha abakhenkethi uhlobo ngonyaka. Kodwa ke ngaphandle koku, iqhele khona omnye loovimba elidala kunawo intle eRashiya. Abahambi batyelele le ndawo ukuba enyuka emahlathini, kubekwe phezu kweendonga edume iVolga.

oovimba iingangamsha ummandla Samara

Samarskaya Luka - intsimi, leyo kwasekwa ngenxa kwigophe nzulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga le iVolga. Ukususela ngo-1984, urhulumente wagqiba ukugcina kwimiboniso zendalo yengingqi, kuba zingumqondiso ixabiso nobugcisa nokusingqongileyo. Imida zangaphandle yale paka zesizwe bend ezimise lomlambo. Kuphela kumntla ezikufutshane kuyo Zhiguli State Reserve. Nguye lo mdala kwisixokelelwano Russian yeendawo ezikhuselweyo yaye umdla ethile. Kodwa ngaphandle kwakhe, kwingingqi Samara kukho indawo vika kwaye nokubaluleka federal. Le paki yesizwe "Buzuluk pine".

Zhiguli reserve

Ummandla ebekwe bucala unelungelo ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kuba ayikho enye indawo kweli lizwe musa ukuhlangabezana indibaniselwano enjalo landscape. uluhlu Intaba equka emaweni endala, singqongwe amagophe of iVolga. Yeyona reserve wokuqala uMmandla Samara, ezafumana iwonga ngo-1927. Ngeli xesha, umda ebekelwa zokuqokelelwa berry neenkowane, kwinkcubeko enqabileyo aye alondolozwa. Kwakhona Akuvunyelwe ukuzingela apha. Ukongeza, ekubeni injongo nokudalwa Reserve yokulondoloza mhlaba ezikhethekileyo nayiphi excursion umlomo. Kodwa kutshanje, ulawulo evunyiweyo kuvulwe iindlela ezimbini zabakhenkethi. Eyokuqala kuzo udlula ngazo. Ash emva eNtabeni Strelna. Kulungile ku lwisana ni ndlela kwisithuthi ukwenzela ukuba alahleke. Yiza apha, nangaliphi na ixesha enyakeni. Abagqithela ezikhutshwe kule lali The uthuthu. Indlela yesibini iqala apha elalini. Shiryaevo, yaye ibizwa ngokuba "Stone Cup". Indlela kunzima, ngoko abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuba ahambe ngeenyawo, kuba ngaphandle kwalo lonke-yokubona isithuthi ungafumani.

Ngoku Zhiguli Reserve Samara Region ine indawo 23.157 yeehektare. Kwisiqithi inxenye 542 yeehektare, kunye nabanye ndawo iwela ukuhlasela. Abaphandi kule ndawo awuvumelani kwimimandla yendalo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba kwicala elingasentla Samara Bend Reserve ugalelwe amahlathi, lo gama inxalenye lasemzantsi ihlathi-emathafeni. Kodwa abanye abaphandi bathi ukuba yonke indawo egciniweyo kwi Samara Bend kukho ummandla ihlathi-emathafeni.

reserve sezulu

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo yommandla Samara zemozulu lizwekazi. Ehlotyeni, imozulu ishushu uyawongamela apha, ngoxa ebusika frosty. Le kwemozulu abunjwe ngenxa yempembelelo Atlantic Ocean, kwakunye kwilizwekazi Asian, nto leyo nobushushu ehlotyeni, yaye ebusika, phezu koko ke, supercooled. Ngenxa yezi zinto zimbini meko zemozulu kwingingqi reserve iyahlozinga kwaye basengozini utshintsho lwemozulu. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, iqabaka na eneSandi kunye nemozulu wobulali nobushushu owomileyo engase ngokutshintsha ye kwezulu.

Flora reserve

Landscapes kwezi ndawo ngokwenene zinencasa, njengoko phantse 94% yendawo ehlanganiswa amahlathi. Imithi nakolu apha Linden amancinci-zodonga kunye Aspen (layo kwicala nezwekazi i). Kodwa apha kukho ezinde, nompleyini oki amahlathi, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Njengoko kuba uhlaza, oko zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Ngowe-1984, izifundo ziye zenziwa apha, into leyo eyaye iintlobo-832 no 370 kwisizukulwana zezityalo. Iziganeko lwakutsha zabhala kwafunyanwa iintlobo 58 zaye. Ngoku kukho ukukhula iintlobo 105 ka kanti elithi kunye iintlobo 67 okuziinkozo. Kwakhona, kukho zixhaphakile Rosaceae, imidumba kunye cruciferous.

Ukanti izinto ezingcwele zexabiso yimibhalo, kwakunye nezo izityalo afunyanwa okokuqala kwaye kuchaziwe kwi kummandla lo mmandla. Ngoko ke, Samara mmandla egciniweyo iquka iintlobo malunga nekhulu ukuba zixabiseke ngakumbi esuka kwindawo umbono zenzululwazi. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kwakukho lyadvenets echazwe ekuqaleni Zhiguli, Lessing ngeentsiba ingca fescue iVolga.

kulona

Kodwa yintoni izilwanyana uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana, ukuba undwendwela le ndawo kunye nohambo? Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukwahlukana ekuyo eziphila lincinane kakhulu. Ngowe-1984, iintlobo 213 ezihlala apha, okanye rhoqo tyelela ummandla okhuselweyo sele ezisisigxina. Kwezi abameli 112 zinqabile. Ezi ziquka ezincancisayo (25, 15, kunye neentlobo ezininzi ezinqabileyo), iintaka (70 no 88 abaninzi kunqabile), izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini (3 no-5), ezirhubuluzayo (3 nesesi-4). Avamise kakhulu apha izinambuzane, nto leyo kummandla amawaka. Bona, xa kuthelekiswa lomqolo, ziye kancinane bafunda. Ukongeza, ezi manzi nakubalwa 40 iintlobo yeentlanzi. Kodwa ke isabelo zolwelo, nekhuselwe phantsi kummandla okhuselweyo incinane.

ezanyisayo reserve

Of umdla ezithile izilwanyana zhigulevskogo Reserve. Apha uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana abameli ungulates. Le ixhama, nangona inani labo iihagu ezincinane, kunye zasendle. Le yokugqibela sifumaneka apha kakhulu kakhulu, xa uthelekisa ubungakanani reserve. Bona zikhangela ukutya Ngokumosha izityalo oyidingayo, ngokunjalo nolawulo wagqiba kukulawula iinombolo zabo. Phakathi amarhamncwa ke iingcuka sikhulu inani elincinane sikhona. Xa isohlwayo ziquka martens ehlathini, iimbila, iimpungutye. Kwakhona kwi reserve kukho inani elincinane weasels, ferrets amahlathi kunye raccoon nezinja.

Kwakhona ummandla Zhiguli Reserve Samara iye ekhaya kwezinye namabuzi. Ezi ziquka iiproteni ukuba sizama ukulungisa kufutshane kwiidolophana kunye nomvundla intaba. Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana imivundla. Kodwa akufuneki ibe yinto yokuba kukho ngoko fauna ezininzi, ukusukela njongo iphambili nokudalwa Reserve wokulondoloza kumhlaba ezizodwa zemvelo, akukho ayinikiwe eYurophu. Kodwa yintoni oovimba zikummandla Samara, nayo leyo kuphandwa izityalo oyidingayo?

Features Buzuluk boron

Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba le ngingqi nepaka yesizwe. Le uluhlu siqithi advantageously Pinewood imi mimandla Orenburg kunye Samara umda. Oku kwadalwa ngo-2007, nangona Kuthathwa ukuba zenza ehlathini malunga emithathu nokuba mine amawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo. Nangona amachibi ezininzi ehlathini. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, imililo ezininzi, ukugawula yokuphanga, iminyaka embalela kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni isixa yinqununu amadama yome kunye neemeko zendalo zitshintshile.

Namhlanje Buzuluk pine ihlathi sisiqithi enkulu, ukuba imilo kanxantathu. Ummandla le "ubutyebi" ifikelela 111.000 hectares. Ngaphezu kwama-60 000 ha - i isanti. Kwezinye iindawo, ubunzulu yabo m 90. Borovka umlambo aqukuqela embindini uluhlu.

Landscape kunye nezityalo yale paka

Ngomhla kummandla boron ngendlela engaqhelekanga odityanisiweyo engcotyeni, Marsh namaphecana enkangala. Kunye komlambo kwaye phantse umda yonke epakini kukho amahlathi avuthulukayo. Kwakhona ehlathini uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana ezinye iindawo ezinde Aspen. Kodwa ke indawo eyinhloko (ngaphezu kwe 2/3) Ahlale amahlathi pine. Ehlathini uzakuqhaphela le mizekelo angaqhelekanga kotyani. Kukho kumila ezikhulayo kufuphi emathafeni iintsiba ingca, sagebrush kunye lihlathi neentsimbi. Kodwa ecaleni ezi zityalo zingafumaneka ulele, apho zifumaneka ngalo kule kumathafa, umzekelo, adle moss.

Kwakhona ehlathini coniferous na amaqunube ezifana amaqunube, istrawberry, BlackBerry, kwiqunube ilitye, rowan, emathafeni cherry kunye nabanye abaninzi.

ihlabathi zezilwanyana boron

Nangona abemi zincinane kancinane Zhiguli Reserve, kodwa park iye abahlali zehlabathi isilwanyana. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1935 kwakukho deer ezirhwexu, leyo kwada ngoko unyamalale kwezi ndawo. Ngaphandle kwabo emahlathini itshixiwe ixhama, nezirhwexu, iielk, iihagu zasendle. Unako ukuhlangabezana iimbila, oonomatse, imivundla, martens, weasels, makati, iimpungutye kunye nezinye izidalwa.

Kweli nqanaba kwi Buzuluk abahlala ehlathini akhawunti kwezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• iintlobo 57 ezanyisayo;
• iintlobo 24 zeentlanzi;
• iintlobo 9 ezirhubuluzayo;
• iintlobo 7 emanzini.

Kananjalo apha kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-1000 izinambuzane. Ukongeza, kufuneka athi ukuba kukho kwafunyanwa iintlobo ezisixhenxe ilulwane, eziya kwahluka phakathi iimpawu zangaphandle kunye nendlela yokuphila.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ubukho zeentaka. Bazinza apha baphile iintlobo-35. Kwakhona ebusika ibhabhe 'iindwendwe ", ezitsala inani elikhulu iimbewu kunye amaqunube. Ngoko ke ukuchitha ubusika-10 eentlobo zeentaka wasentla. Kukho ezininzi icula abamnyama kunye capercaillie, iinkozi yegolide, iindonga.

Olu uhlobo engaqhelekanga utsala ngamaxhwele, mushroom womhlanganisi of amaqunube. Apha kuza ezininzi abakhenkethi ofaka ezilalini, iziza kweminquba, iinkampu neehotele. Ezi iipaki zesizwe (oovimba) yommandla Samara minyaka umdla kwiindawo zazo abantu abathanda indalo ye. Lolawulo lweengingqi izama ukudala zonke iimeko abahamba loo umdla yaye Kumnandi ukuba phakathi kwezi amahlathi iyingangamsha.