Monocots: imvelaphi kunye iimpawu eklasini

Monocots kwiplanethi enguMhlaba wabonakala phantse ngexesha elinye bipartite: ukususela ngelo xesha sele kudlule ngaphezu kwesigidi kwekhulu leminyaka. Kodwa phezu indlela Kwathi, zezityalo akukho ukuvumelana. Abalandeli bathi omnye kwisikhundla monocots baka kakhulu ezilula bipartite. Bona babe kwiindawo ezimanzi: e amachibi, kunxweme amachibi kunye nemilambo. Kunye abavikeli nembono yesibini bakholelwa ukuba monocots sivela amalungu abangekaphuhli kweklasi babo. Oko kukuthi, ukuba kuvela loo fomu, phambi imibala mihla kungaba herbaceous.

Palms, zengca sedge - ezi iintsapho ezintathu akhutshwa yaza yasasazwa ekupheleni kwexesha Cretaceous. Kodwa bromeliads neentyatyambo, mhlawumbi, oyena mncinane.

Monocots ziyingxenye udidi angiosperms, le yesibini ngobukhulu. Bona akhawunti for iintlobo ezimalunga nama-60 000, kwisizukulwana - 2800, kunye neentsapho - 60. Kwinani elipheleleyo lezityalo eneentyatyambo monocots na inxalenye yesine. Xa umda kwiinkulungwane 20-21 zezityalo zinyuke kulo iklasi ngenxa ukuqhekezwa iintsapho ezininzi ngaphambili ekhethiweyo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, lusasazwe weenyibiba. Usapho kakhulu ezininzi zeentyatyambo yabonakala, elandelwa ingca, sedges, namasundu. Kwaye ke nani lincinane zezinambuzane Araceae - 2500.

Eqhelekileyo, ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa ehlabathini inkqubo yokuhlela yehlabathi izityalo eneentyatyambo monocotyledonous eziveliswe yingcaphephe ngezityalo nengcaphephe evela US ngo-1981 - Artur Kronkvist. Wagxumeka zonke monocots subclasses ezintlanu: kommelinidy, aretsidy, zingiberidy, alismatidy kunye liliidy. Yaye ngamnye kubo nangoku luqulathe imiyalelo eliqela zezulu, imali leyo lohlukile.

Monocots are Monocotyledones. Inkqubo yokuhlela oluphuhliswe wabonwa nokunika igama iqela IsiNgesi kuphela, siyafana iklasi Monocots.

Thaca kuqala monocots imifuno kunye isiXhosa - imithi, amatyholo kunye izidiliya. Phakathi kwazo kukho abaninzi abakhetha marshland, amachibi, ibhalbhu zizalele nakuzo. Abameli kule ntsapho akhoyo kuzo zonke amazwekazi zomhlaba.

monocots igama Russian efunyenwe inani cotyledons. Nangona le ndlela yokufumanisa akukho ethembekileyo ngokwaneleyo okanye lula.

Kuba kuqala ukwahlula phakathi monocots kunye dicots ecetywayo kwi-18 IsiNgesi sezinto ngenkulungwane uYohane. Ray. Ebona iimpawu zilandelayo kwiklasi yokuqala:

- Iziqu: kunqabile branched; ivaliwe iziqhuma zabo nemithambo; iinyanda nemithambo abekwa ngokungakhethiyo phezu cut.

- Ihamba: becala amplexicaul, ngaphandle stipules; imilo ngokuqhelekileyo elimxinwa; arcuate okanye venation ngaxeshanye.

- inkqubo Ingcambu: ezinezikhondo; iingcambu ezikhaphayo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu indawo ingcambu osandul.

- Cambium: hayi, kule nkalo, hayi anquma isiqu.

- Ukulwa: monocotyledonous.

- Iintyatyambo: perianth iqulathe ezimbini, ubuninzi - umdla-term ezintathu; inani elifanayo stamens; carpel ezintathu.

Noko ke, ngamnye, nganye kwezi mpawu ayikwazi ngokucacileyo umahluko phakathi bipartite kunye monocotyledons. ukuba kuphela ingqalelo xa zidityaniswe, kwenza kube lula ukubeka ngokuchanekileyo iklasi.