Microflora ngoku izifo. Kakhulu kwaziwa kwaziwe ngoku izifo

Uninzi ephilayo kobasemhlabeni imelwe amagciwane. Okwangoku, le nto iye yasungulwa kanye. Ngokupheleleyo umntu bodwa kubo akakwazi, yaye bakwazi ukuhlala kuwo okanye phezu kwawo ngaphandle enza umonakalo.

malunga bacterium

Phezu komzimba womntu kwi Amaqokobhe yayo engaphakathi imizimba ezibuhlazarha ibekwe a Cya isihlwele iindidi ezahlukeneyo ntlobo. Phakathi kwazo kukho ozikhethelayo (ukuba abekho okanye hayi) kunye uyawabophelela (kukho ngokuyimfuneko kwi umntu ngamnye). Yintoni microflora ngoku izifo?

Inkqubo yendaleko ngayo ubudlelwane yento ephilayo kunye iintsholongwane ezikhoyo kuyo kwaye kwakhokelela lwesilinganiso onamandla, nelawulwa yi amajoni omzimba lomntu kunye nokhuphiswano iintlobo ezahlukeneyo iintsholongwane oko kubonwa eqhelekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, lo mphakathi eziphilayo iquka abo usenokuyalela nawuphi na isifo kwiimeko ngokufuthi ngaphaya yabo. Nguwo lo microflora izifo. Ezi Cya kakhulu inani elikhulu, umzekelo, ziquka ezinye iintlobo Clostridia, Staphylococci kunye Escherichia.

Xa abantu kunye bacterium ahlala emzimbeni wakhe kakhulu iintlobo zobudlelwane. Uninzi microbiocenosis (microflora) imelwe micro-eziphilayo ukuba ahlalisane nama umntu ngokuncedisana. Ngamanye amazwi, sinokuthi ubudlelwane nabo baxhamle kuzo (ukhuseleko kwimitha yelanga, izondlo, lobushushu rhoqo nokufuma, njl njl). Ngelo xesha, le ntsholongwane uze umzimba ophethe inzuzo ukhuphiswano kunye yayintsholongwane eyosulela micro-eziphilayo kunye ukusinda kwawo ukusuka kummandla ikhona, ngokohlobo yokuwa iiprothini kunye neevithamini synthesizing. Ngelo xesha njengoko zikhoyo cohabitants yabantu iibhaktheriya luncedo ukuba siyayichitha nawuphi na umonakalo ngezixa ezincinane, kodwa abe yayintsholongwane eyosulela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Oku Cya ngoku izifo.

definition

Ngokwemibandela amagciwane izifo ababiziweyo, liqela elikhulu nomngundo, iintsholongwane, lenyama kunye iintsholongwane abaphila ngokuncedisana umntu, kodwa kwiimeko ezithile ezibangela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo pathologic. Kuluhlu kakhulu zithandwa aziwa kakuhle ziquka kwisizukulwana: Aspergillus, proteus, Candida, enterobacter, pseudomonas, iStreptococcus, Escherichia kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Yiyiphi enye into umdla microflora ngoku izifo?

umahluko ocacileyo phakathi iintsholongwane olungenelelayo, ebangela isifo kwaye non-yayintsholongwane eyosulela, izazinzulu azikwazi ityumbe njengoko phathogenicity zabo kwiimeko ezininzi kugqiba imeko umzimba. Ngenxa yoko, nathi sithi ukuba microflora, nto leyo ityhilwe isifundo xa umntu esempilweni ngokupheleleyo onako ukwenza ezinye izifo, kulandele ukufa.

Ibonakalisa iimpawu yayintsholongwane eyosulela ezincinane kwemiqathango yayintsholongwane eyosulela kunokuba kuphela ngexesha ukuncitshiswa elibukhali yokuxhathisa ephilayo. Umntu enempilo uba ubukho esisigxina kwezi eziphilayo iphecana zesisu kunye nesikhumba inwebu yangaphakathi, kodwa ungabi sisizekabani kuye uphuhliso utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kunye nezenzo arhabaxa.

microflora ngokwemibandela izifo kuba okwangoku akukho ayingozi ebantwini. Kodwa kukho bokuqonda.

Ngoko ke iintsholongwane amathuba ekuthiwa ithuba kuba basebenzisa naliphi na ithuba elihle ukuzalisa olunzulu.

kufuneka ibe Xa ukoyika kusulelo onjalo?

Kwisehlo iingxaki, Noko ke, singatsho xa ngenxa yesizathu esithile amajoni omzimba eliphantsi kakhulu, kwaza kwaphengululwa kwafumaniseka ngethuba loviwo. Ngokwemibandela microflora izifo ngoko ngokwenene yingozi empilweni.

Oku kunokwenzeka kwezinye iimeko; ngokuba kakhulu igciwane lohlobo zemiphunga, okufunyanwa okanye immunodeficiency naso (usulelo lwe-HIV phakathi kwabo), kuzo izifo ephungula okukwazi (izifo kwenkqubo sentliziyo kunye negazi, isifo seswekile, umhlaza, njalo-njalo), iziyobisi anqanda amajoni omzimba (ichemotherapy yezifo umhlaza, corticosteroids, iziyobisi cytotoxic, kunye nabanye), kunye iingqele, ntshikilelo kakhulu, amandla omzimba okanye ezinye iimpembelelo ezigqithileyo kakhulu Ijikelezwe i medium yesibini, ngexesha zisanyisa okanye yokukhulelwa. Nganye kwezi zinto ngamnye kwaye ewonke eziliqela kubo nako ingakumbi ukuba ikhokelele umnxeba ngokuthi iintsholongwane zifo kakhulu usuleleko esinzulu nokuphosa isoyikiso empilweni yoluntu. Xa ufuna ukunciphisa kwizityalo?

aurococcus

Kuqeqesho kagqirha, ngokufuthi waqubisana meko zilandelayo: xa ajike uvavanyo esihle Staphylococcus aureus swab esuka empumlweni, emqaleni, ubisi lwebele, okanye umphezulu eluswini, kuba abantu abasempilweni kakhulu kukwazi wayesebenza kakhulu kwaye zifuna ingcali unyango, amachiza ngokunjalo. izinto ezilolu hlobo ngokulula achaza, kodwa ke aluhlaza, ngenxa yokuba phantse isiqingatha sabantu behlabathi baye Staphylococcus aureus yaye ngisho nokuwabona oku. Le ephilayo i mhlali kwiinwebu iphecana ophezulu wokuphefumla kunye nesikhumba. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba udidi efana kwamagciwane ichele.

Kwakhona liveza luvukelo elinawo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo yokusingqongileyo: Imiphumo nobuninzi-ntsholongwane, unyango kunye ebulala, semzini zipholile. Le unobangela kuchaphazela kukuba ukususela kuba nzima ukuba balahle. Zonke izixhobo zombane, ibonakala ekhaya, izinto zokudlala kunye ifanitshala azikroboze kubo. Kwaye kuphela ukukwazi ulusu amajoni omzimba ukuba buthathaka umsebenzi esi silwanyana isindisa ekufeni ngenxa kubunzima ezosulelayo inkoliso yabantu. Kungenjalo, ukukhula kwemiqathango microflora yayintsholongwane eyosulela, ingakumbi Staphylococcus, bekuya ukuyeka.

Oku kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba umba kuphela Staphylococcus aureus ayikwazi ukumelana, na kumajoni omzimba womntu. Ukuba ungene udidi lomngcipheko omkhulu kukho buthathaka ukhuseleko kwabantu. Kulo mzekelo, oku kungabangela ukugula kakhulu, ezifana nenyumoniya, meningitis nangokujaduka ezosulelayo ye ancedisana ezithambileyo kunye nesikhumba (cellulitis, amathumba, felon, njalo-njalo), Ngokuzimela, pyelonephritis kunye nezinye. Impiliso lwesikhumba kuphela kunokwenzeka kukusetyenziswa amachiza apho ephilayo inovakalelo. Yintoni ikhona microflora kwemiqathango izifo emathunjini?

colon eletha

E. coli uthathwa ukuba mmi endalo iphecana esezantsi zokwetyisa zonke zabantu. Ngaphandle kwalo, emathunjini wayengakwazi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkqubo ekugayeni. Kuquka le odala silwanyana ekhuthaza vitamin K krovesvertyvaniya inxaxheba kule nkqubo, kwaye kuthintela uphuhliso esebenzayo kakhulu ezibangela izifo ezimelene ezimbi kakhulu yayintsholongwane eyosulela lwegciwane emathunjini.

E. coli awukwazi ukubakhona ixesha elide ngaphandle komkhosi ephilayo, kuba iimeko ingenankathazo okufumana phezu komhlaba isifo emathunjini. Kodwa yibhaktheriya iluncedo kakhulu nibe nazo kuba ngumthombo isoyikiso xa bachazelwa kwisisu, okanye sayo ezinye izigqeba. Oku kwenzeka xa bengena flora emathunjini kwi womchamo, lobufazi okanye peritonitis (isenzeko imingxuma leyo isebenza yokuveza imixholo emathunjini). Le ndlela ikhokelela lubandakanywe nezenzo prostatitis, vulvovaginitis, Ngokuzimela, urethritis, kunye nezinye izifo. Sidinga rhoqo yesityalo izihluma.

viridans streptococci

Viridans iStreptococcus nayo inxulumene iintsholongwane indalo olungenelelayo, njengoko efumaneka kubantu abaninzi. kwasendaweni yayo unikwa kwisisu yomlomo, kwaye ngaphezulu kanye isifo esigquma iintsini nezinyo lwawo. Kuquka eli gciwane eshiyekileyo ifunyanwa ngawo smear esuka empumlweni nasemqaleni. Iimpawu ezizodwa viridans streptococci ziquka yokuba amathe kwindawo ephakamileyo boxinzelelo glucose xi nga kutshabalalisa wayesebenzisa izinyo, ngaloo ndlela ebangela yidityaniso okanye pulpitis. Smear ku ngamagciwane amathuba olwenziwa ngugqirha.

ukuvimbela

Esinokubangela ukuba uthi ukuselwa yezempilo yomlomo emnandi nelula emva kwesidlo yeyona yokuthintela ilungileyo ezi zifo. Kwakhona, iStreptococcus maxa wambi zelenyaschy ebangela ukubonisa ezinye izifo: tonsils, sinusitis, pharyngitis. Sezifo ezinzulu ezinokubangela throat zelenyaschy ezi-meningitis, inyumoniya, endocarditis, kunye pyelonephritis. Noko ke, ukuba baphuhlise udidi encinane kakhulu abantu abangakwaziyo kuchazwa emngciphekweni omkhulu kuphela.

Kwaye ukuba bakposev - eqhelekileyo microflora yayintsholongwane eyosulela na ibanjiwe? Le meko yenzeka kaninzi. Kuyinto eyongeziweyo lobeko eqhelekileyo.

unyango

Indlela kuphela echanekileyo unyango E. coli, Staphylococcus kunye iStreptococcus viridans kukusetyenziswa antibiotics. Kodwa kufuneka ikhatshwe ezibonisa ezithile, ezo musa ziquka buyo, ukuba nazimpawu.