Machiavellianism. Le izakhi elula okanye ubugcisa?

Abantu abahlala uluntu lwale mihla, zahlukile kakhulu. Zinelungelo ngenye indlela, kulinganisa nobudlelwane nabanye. Kakade ke, sonke enxulumanisa mnye: enye injongo ebomini, apho wonke umntu angathanda ukufezekisa. Iindlela ekufezekiseni le njongo, naye eyahlukileyo.

Yintoni Machiavellianism?

Igama elithi "Machiavellianism" livela i IsiNgesi igama machiavellianism. Ekuqaleni yasetyenziswa xa ethetha nenzululwazi kwezopolitiko, nto leyo ithetha inkqubo engqongqo likarhulumente, ukusebenzisa amandla ndisisilo. Emva koko, lo gama sele udlule kwi lishishini eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Machiavellianism kwingcingane ubuntu babantu na ukuqiniseka ukuba unako kwaye kufuneka ukulawula abanye. Kwakhona, lo gama kuthetha ukuba umntu ukwenza izakhono ezithile ikhulela ukuphumeza iinjongo zawo, ngokuqhelekileyo indoda isipho bokweyisela, kaloku ke, ezazi kakuhle oko bafuna abanye abantu, bazi iinjongo zabo, iminqweno, iminqweno .

Ukuvela kwegama elithi "Machiavellianism"

Okokuqala baqalisa ukuthetha ngalo mba kwi Renaissance emva ehlabathini babona umsebenzi sobulumko Italian noNiccolò Machiavelli ebizwa ngokuba "noMlawuli". It Machiavelli kwabelwane ngezimvo zakhe, nto leyo wasibopha usitya ukuze zisetyenziswe kunye iimpawu yabantu ngabanye. Ngokutsho kwakhe, ebudeni bolawulo umlawuli karhulumente akunyanzelekanga ithathele ingqalelo iminqweno yabantu, ngenxa yokuba amandla ndisisilo onokufikelela nantoni na, yaye abantu baya ndawo ndiye, uya kuzalisekisa naziphi na iimfuno. Kuba nempumelelo kunye nophuhliso urhulumente nokungahoywa imidla yabantu abaqhelekileyo. Kule mihla ingqikelelo Machiavellianism - lifana ngakumbi abathanda ukugxeka, inkohliso nakukwazi.

izimiso indlela

Ukususela kwasekuqaleni umsebenzi Machiavelli wakhe ezahlukeneyo ubuqili inkohliso. Kubomi bakhe bonke wenza indima enkulu kakhulu yokuba Florence intanda yakhe ethembekile kwezopolitiko kwihlabathi jikelele. Kwafuneka ithuba okwethutyana ukuze baxoxe Chezare Bordzhia, ngenkohlakalo nasekubaleni umphathi Italian, ndiphupha zokudala umbuso emanyeneyo Italian siphathe kubo. Kodwa umdlalo wakhe, yena akasoloko inyani. Sebenza Machiavelli "Nkosi" echaza eli umntu othile, apho aye azibeke phambili imigaqo yalo Machiavellianism. Inyaniso kukuba kungekudala imfazwe yaqala phakathi baseRoma uBukhosi kunye Venice. Kweli lizwe, udlame imfazwe, kwaye N. Machiavelli uya entolongweni ngamacala iyelenqe. Phantsi isisongelo isohlwayo kunye sentuthumbo, ayisazi ityala lakhe, ngoko ke simahla. Xa umsebenzi wakhe uchaza ukuba abo bashumayela ukulunga nobulungisa, enyanisweni, ukusekela igunya zabo inkohlakalo nogonyamelo. Kuyinto behlonipha Machiavelli umgca eyahlukileyo uye wabizwa "Machiavellianism". Yinto uhlobo ukukholelwa ukuba kubhetele ukuba umbuso olawulwa umlawuli okhohlakeleyo ngubani na ukufihla iinjongo zakhe, kodwa uwugcine phantsi kolawulo ngaphezu kweshumi abantu ababuthathaka ababemazi nto malunga nezopolitiko. Ekuqondeni yakhe mgaqo uphambili kufuneka ibe siqinile ubuncinane umlawuli onamandla, ubalathise abantu bakho ukuba nempumelelo.

iimpawu yezengqondo ubuntu

Igama elithi "Machiavellianism" liye lasetyenziswa kwiPsychology amazwe. Sithetha malunga nokuziphatha kwabantu kulwalamano nabanye, xa zonke kuthetha ukufihla iinjongo zabo ziyinyaniso kunye nokusetyenziswa odla ezizodwa zazo (kusenokuba yakucengacenga, inkohliso, ukugrogriswa, njalo njalo), ukuba ezinokuphazamisa kwabanye ukuze nabo, ngaphandle nokwazi ukuthi, ukwenza nantoni na baxelelwa. Izazinzulu ziye zabonisa ukuba umntu oye Machiavellianism - umntu agule kakhulu suspiciousness, ubutshaba, izoyikiso nokuzingca. Oko kukuthi, umntu onjalo kubudlelwane nabanye abantu baziphathe ezibandayo kunye kude ngenxa yokungathembani kwabanye. Abantu abane Machiavellianism namabhongo, ekrelekrele, ukuqhubeka, ukuba sihlala siyazi into abafuna. Nazigqibo, ligwala kunye ziimvakalelo abe mnene.

Iindlela zokufunda

In Russian ingqiqo wezengqondo "Machiavellianism" ayikho nje ngokubanzi njengoko amazwe. izazinzulu US ziqhube umsebenzi uphando "INkosana" phezu kwesi siseko yaba eliqela imiba zengqondo ukuchonga Machiavellianism. Ekubeni Machiavellianism eqhelekileyo ubudlelwane, ngoko kukho inala imizekelo. Ntombi kwenza umsebenzi kwimathematika, yena ngesiquphe wabuza umama ukuba eze kuncedisana naye. Umama kunceda. Emva kwexesha elithile intombi yam ubuza kwakhona ngale nkonzo, uMama eza phezulu kwakhona. Kwaye kwakhona, kwaye kwakhona. Ekugqibeleni, emva kwenye isicelo umama akanako ukuma, uhlale ecaleni ecaleni kwaye akugqiba umsebenzi ngokwayo. Ntombi happy ngenxa yokuba akazange ukuba benze kanye lo msebenzi, yaye ngoku ndiyavuya ukuba umama wakhe akwazi ukufumana ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe. Oko kukuthi, ekuqondeni izazinzulu, Machiavellianism - indibanisela iimpawu ngokweemvakalelo zokuziphatha, apho umntu angakwazi xa unxibelelana ukuba beyiseke abantu ukuba balandele imiyalelo yakhe.

iziphumo zophononongo

Xa iimpendulo zabo kwimiba ngokwasengqondweni Machiavellian ephantsi kakhulu kuhlolwa iimpawu yokuziphatha ubuntu bakhe. Oku kuthetha ukuba bayaluqonda akunakwenzeka yokudibanisa uhlobo lokuziphatha kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha evunyiweyo ekuhlaleni. Olu phando lubonisa ukuba Machiavellian becala kwakha nobuhlobo kwaye ukunyulwa komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni enoba bayaxoka okanye ngokuthetha inyaniso, kodwa ukuthembeka, ukunyaniseka, ububele nxiba zisiza kamva. Ukongeza, kwafunyaniswa ukuba abasetyhini intsebenzo Machiavellianism ephezulu kancinane kunalowo babantu.