Lo kaloliwe yokuqala eRashiya ukuvela ngenkulungwane ye-19

Emva phaya abazalwana kweyeshumi elinesibhozo emva Frolov zidalelwe kwiimfuno zoshishino omnye amashishini amakhulu indlela entsha yezothutho, nenika iimoto ukuba udlulele onezi. wabonakala izithuthi Rail ngengqiqo mihla kancinane kamva - ngo-1825 eNgilani. Ke ukuba kwilizwe lethu, umzila kaloliwe yokuqala eRashiya yakhiwa phantsi kolwalathiso yinjineli waseOstriya von Gerstner. Lo mbono kwaxhaswa buqu Nicholas mna, lowo esatyikitywa Aprili 15, 1836 umthetho. Ngokutsho kolu xwebhu ulwakhiwo ekuthiwa-Tsarskoye Selo kaloliwe yaqalwa kweli lizwe.

Iimali ukwakhiwa eyanikezwayo yi Count Bobrinsky imvelaphi Gerstner yena, kwakunye nabanye abantu, owamela ikomkhulu Russian, American kunye nesiJamani. Lo kaloliwe yokuqala eRussia ukudibanisa eSt Petersburg Tsarskoye Selo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba emva kokuba isebe landiswa iimitha 700 ukuya Pavlovsk. Umsebenzi ekwakhiweni kwendawo yaqala May 1, 1836. ububanzi Ukuze ukulandelela kukhethwa ilingana no-1829 mm, nangona kumazwe aseYurophu, le kwakufa 1.435 mm. Ukwenza amalungiselelo pass izithuthi isilwanyana ezirhuqwa, kumgca yayakhiwe aliqela bewela. Eyokuqala Iziporo Russian iphumelele kwingoma Belgian, iyunithi nganye kuzo abe ubude ubuncinane 3.7 m, kwaye ubuninzi -. 6.9 m kwi intshukumo yakhe yavulwa ngo-Oktobha 30, 1837. Lo mhla waya ezantsi imbali ekuqaleni yezithuthi kaloliwe rhoqo kweli lizwe lethu.

Lo kaloliwe kwathengwa eBelgium eNgilani. Ngosuku lokuvula yayo, umzila kaloliwe yokuqala eRashiya akwazi liyi ubukho koololiwe ezintandathu utshintsho kwisakhiwo isuke ngamanye igeyiji, 44 iimoto umkhweli kunye nezigadla-19. Iimoto yokuqala Uloliwe lwasekhaya zaye zagqitywa, yahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezine. Eyona engcono kakhulu kubo umqeqeshi, lowo wayebufihlile umzimba. izihlalo zazo soft abantu abasibhozo ungahlala ngexesha elifanayo. Bonke abanye bakwazi ukuthwala abakhweli ezilishumi. Kungakhathaliseki eklasini ukukhanyisa kunye zokufudumeza iinqwelwana ebengekho.

Matshi 15, 1838 ishedyuli Isitimela ziqala ukusebenza, njengako apho ukuhamba wabo wawuqala 9:00 waza wema 22-00. Xa oku lokuphumla iiyure ezine phakathi kwabo kwi-avareji. Lo kaloliwe yokuqala eRashiya yaba enye-umkhondo, ngoko kwaba ngundoqo kwibhulorho kufakwa ukuvumela ekudibaneni koololiwe, nto leyo ezazithunyelwe ukuphelisa kwizikhululo ngexesha elifanayo. avareji yexesha lokuhamba - imizuzu 42. Ngehlobo lowe-1876 kwisiza kwakukho indlela yesibini ephambili. Oku kwaphucula kakhulu uqhuba ukhuseleko ndikhwele ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni lancipha imizuzu-32. NgoJanuwari 2, 1900 Tsarskoselskaya umgca yaba yinxalenye Moscow-Vindava-Rybinsk Railway, ngoko yayeka ukuba uzimele. Ngelo xesha linye ububanzi umkhondo yayo utshintshelwe kwi-mali eqhelekileyo ukuya 1524 mm.

Ukwakhiwa kaloliwe eRashiya, apho waqalisa ukuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqala yamasebe Tsarskoye Selo zifuna ziingcali. Iziko yasekhaya yokuqala ehambelanayo lwezindlu intsimbi iprofayile zenjineli Railway. Aba bafundi baye indima ebonakalayo ukwakhiwa kaloliwe yokudibanisa eMoscow St Petersburg.