Le yobudala yomhlala eUnited States amadoda kunye nabasetyhini: iimpawu kunye nemithetho yokubala

inzuzo Pension ngeendlela okanye omnye ezikhoyo ezininzi States. Kumazwe aphuhlileyo, inkqubo ye pension leyo kakhulu Bacinge, kuthwala yamanyala uphuhliso zembali uthabathe ingqalelo iinkalo ezahlukeneyo, ingakumbi, isilinganiso ubomi.

Le yobudala yomhlala kumazwe ahlukeneyo

Ingxelo ye obude zithathwa Japanese, kunye leyo wayamanise umda ubudala ngokwanelisayo eliphezulu ukuba ilungelo lokufumana umhlala - engama-65. Kwaye akukho mahluko esekelwe sex - amadoda nabafazi umhlala eneminyaka efanayo. EYurophu, umhlala-phantsi utshintshatshintsha kakhulu. Umzekelo, eJamani, yena iminyaka 65-67, eFransi - 60, Sweden - 61-67. amazwe Post-eSoviet babeka nemibundu yeminyango kukho asezantsi kakhulu kunokuba eYurophu, ngenxa iimpawu ezikhethekileyo umgangatho wokuphila. Ngokomzekelo, eRashiya Belarus abafazi umhlala-55 kunye namadoda - kwiminyaka engama-60. Noko ke, eyona kakuhle wacinga-phandle, ngokusengqiqweni nisekelwe sinyanisekile abemi United States ingqalelo inkqubo pension.

Iimpawu ze ukubalwa yobudala yomhlala eUnited States

Le yobudala yomhlala eUnited States kuyahlukana nedlela unyaka wokuzalwa. Umzekelo, baseMelika abazalelwe 1937 kwaye ngaphambili, yiya kwi eholideyini kwiminyaka engama-65. Abo bazalwa kamva kwaye de kwangowe-1955, bafanelekile ukuba uthathe umhlala phantsi emva kweminyaka 66. Yaye ngulowo wazalelwa kwi 60s zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, angaqala ukufumana umhlalaphantsi kwiminyaka 67. Oku kwanda kungenxa yokukhula ngokukhawuleza trims sempilo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba yobudala yomhlala eUnited States amadoda namabhinqa ngokufanayo.

Amathuba umhlalaphansi

Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba inkqubo ye pension kwi US guquka kakhulu, ngoko ukuba ngummi ufuna ukuthatha umhlala phantsi phambi kwexesha elimiselweyo, lowo unako ukukwenza oko zityalwa emva kokuba eneminyaka engama-62.

Ngelo xesha linye afumane ipension ngokupheleleyo kuphela ezo baseMerika, inqanaba umvuzo wonyaka ayidluli umthetho ezisekiweyo bar. Kungenjalo, uncedo aza kunikwa imisebenzi ngemisebenzi, nto leyo aya kubalwa ngokommiselo lotsalo ukusuka pension amahlanu eesenti dollar ngalinye owawuza anokuzuzwa phezu iplanga efakiweyo.

Ingeniso izinga umhlalaphansi US

Imigaqo inkqubo yomhlalaphantsi eUnited States kangangokuba emva kokuba abanye kakuhle nelilifaneleyo, amaMelika ukufumana malunga nesiqingatha holo kwisithuba sengqesho. Enyanisweni, lo pension avareji eUnited States uyahluka 1100-1500 eerandi ngenyanga. Kakade ke, kukho iindidi abemi bawo pension ngaphezulu kwe-avareji. Aba ke ngootitshala, abacimi-, amagosa asebupoliseni kunye nabanye. Kwakhona ezahlukeneyo abahlali ubungakanani pension sezixeko, apho umgangatho wokuphila liphezulu ngokubanzi kwe-avareji kazwelonke. Ngoko ke, intlawulo yomhlala-phantsi konyaka, umzekelo, ngo-akhawunti New York ukuze angaphezu kwamashumi amane amawaka eerandi ummi ngamnye.

Kukho kwakhona isibiyeli pension ezantsi, ngasentla apho i laseMelika kufakwa kwiprogram zengeniso lwentlalo evela isongezelelo karhulumente ukuba ukufikelela ubukhulu ubuncinane. Ngokomzekelo, kunyaka ophelileyo ubuncinane eyamkelekileyo yaba 733 zeerandi. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubani banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi isicwangciso pension kwi mali $ 400, ngoko ke urhulumente uya kuhlawula ngaphezulu kuye 333 zeerandi ngo-mali zentlalo. Ngoko ukuhlela indlela umgangatho software wobomi kubemi abadala kwelo lizwe, kuba idala nesimo sengqondo esihle kakhulu kumntu ingqiqo njengoko yobudala yomhlala enjalo. Umhlala eUnited States kungabonwa nenkxaso yabantu ekwaluphaleni kwakhe, kodwa kunokuba nje ithuba entsha, kwinqanaba elitsha ebomini.

Amathuba kunye nokusebenzisa imali yomhlalaphantsi iinketho

Noko ke, bengazivumeli phantse kabini ngaphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nexesha yomsebenzi, ngenkankulu umhlalaphansi American ebeya onwabe kangaka ayathandeka. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, inkqubo pension US ebizwa Social Security unanamhla kuhlala inengqondo kakhulu ehlabathini. Kodwa ke, umgangatho wobomi baseMerika abadala sakhiwa iintlobo kwezinye embodiments kunye yomhlalaphantsi yotyalo mali, nto leyo ziyaphunyezwa linani elikhulu lezicwangciso pension ezahlukeneyo.

Le peculiarity yale hlobo izikimu pension eUnited States amanga neqiniso ukuba ingeniso yenyanga isixa esithile idluliselwe kwi-akhawunti enye ye-mali yomhlala-phantsi, lo gama mahala irhafu, leyo ayanda kakhulu samandla zokugcina. Xa umhlala-phantsi, ukongeza uhlobo loluntu intlawulo, umqeshwa ufumana umvuzo ngohlobo wabalibazisa imali yakhe. Yaye uqalise ukusebenzisa kubo msinyane, ukufumana imali ngohlobo-mboleko kwimali yakho yolondolozo lwayo, wabalibazisa kwixesha (umhlalaphantsi) ikamva. Yena ke ngoko abalwe-mali (yaye, enyanisweni, kuye ngokwakhe), zombini kwi-mboleko eziqhelekileyo. Amaxesha amaninzi America ezi mali bathenga indawo, ukuhlawulela imfundo yabantwana, njalo-njalo.

Izizathu umhlala-phantsi ngaphambi

Yintoni umhlala-phantsi kwi-US Kukhethwa ngakumbi labantu? Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nokuyinto umhlala-phantsi ngaphambili phakathi baseMelika abadala. Nangona yokuba akuba eneminyaka engama-62, ukuba banelungelo lokufumana umhlala-phantsi epheleleyo akakho, malunga neekota ezintathu zayo, abaninzi kakhulu ngabom bathathe isigqibo esifanelekileyo. Yintoni unobangela wayo? Kwimeko nganye, zahluke. Phakathi umhlalaphansi yokuqala, iqela lwabo baphulukene nemisebenzi yazo ngethuba rate ntlekele kwaye ngoku awukwazi ukufumana ngenxa yezizathu injongo - abaqeshi bengaxeli ukuba abasebenzi abadala. Kulo mzekelo, umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha yeyona meko kakhulu lula.

Kukho phakathi abemi abakhetha umhlalaphantsi lingekafiki ixesha, kwaye abo nje udiniwe umsebenzi. Idla ngokuba abasebenzi, umsebenzi wakhe ubukhulu becala ngokwasemzimbeni, okanye ixesha eliqikelelwayo umthwalo ubuntu yengqondo. Ke ezinye umhlalaphansi yokuqala - abo okwazileyo ukulondoloza imali eyaneleyo yaye wabona kungekho sizathu msebenzi ngakumbi. Ngokwemeko-kwezoqoqosho umbono kufanelekile kakhulu.

Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yomhlalaphantsi bungqingqwa ogqwetha icandelo edakumbisayo yi ingqiqo njengoko yobudala yomhlala eUnited States. Kuba abantu njengoko kwabasetyhini, kwi pension ethile imali abhinqe yeyokuba isebenza kakhulu ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi phambi kwexesha. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuqala ubomi ezahlukeneyo ngokwenene umdla kwiminyaka kamva, hayi ngokunciphisa ngokwayo ukhetho zokuzonwabisa.