Phawula: Iintlobo izitampu, iziganeko collectible ezinqabileyo

Ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX omnye Collectibles ngentsimbi. Iindidi amabanga ngaso ubomi kwezentlalo nezopolitiko, kwakunye imbali Mail yehlabathi.

Le iintlobo ezahlukeneyo

Ekuqaleni yaba uxande nkqo. Waza ke wazala tyaba, yaye zicwangciswe imifanekiso okweqanda (philatelists bazi iintlobo ezifana 'iliso yenkomo ", ukuba ziveliswe eBrazil). Emva kwabo, British Guiana, India, Romania, Afghanistan, eRashiya waqalisa ukwenza uphawu ngeenxa zonke. Kamva, eNgilani nomNtla Melika wenza istampu isikwere kunye nesiseko phezulu. brand eyaziwa ezibunxantathu, ezinamacala (Belgium), libe ifom (Turkey).

Kuba lonke ixesha ubukho yaba ndlela ezahlukeneyo uphawu. Iintlobo izitampu ezibonisa ezingqondweni zabantu:

• iimilo zejiyometri: izikwere, iidayimani, oonxantathu, trapezoids, imilo mgaqweni zejiyometri, izangqa;
• ichaza: diamond nesindindeneyo, imida geographical ithi, njengexhalanga, ioli isixhobo, imbaleki;
• uhlobo leziqhamo ezahlukeneyo: cola, banana.

Le yeminye yemizekelo yezinto fomu babenokuba brand.

intlawulo yokuposa

Isitampu yokuposa yokuqala ukuvela eLondon ngowe-1840. Yaba umfanekiso Queen Victoria ebhalwe imvelaphi black neendleko penny eyodwa. "UPenny Black" - phantsi waziwa eli gama, le wayila Roland Hill, osebenza kwiposi olulandelayo eNgilani. Uzalise le ndima uphawu yokuposa nestampu.

Industry Urhwebo e Europe ekhulisa lo gama ngokukhawuleza kwaye bafuna ukuba isantya inkonzo yeposi. Umthamo mithwalo kweposi mkhulu, kwaye intlawulo yeenkonzo imeyile - phezulu. Ngoko ke, kuphela abazizityebi banandiphe iinkonzo mail. umamkeli mail Ihlawulwe.

Mother Hill ixesha elide basebenza kwi-ofisi yeposi, ngoko ke, wayesazi ezi iziphene. Kwaye intloko yakhe umqondo omkhulu: kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa iindleko lokwenziwa leta, uhlawule kuba kufuneka umthumeli, oya kufumana irisithi ukulungiselela intlawulo yeenkonzo ezincinane. Irisiti babenamathele ileta nestampu kucinywa, ukuvimbela yayo kwakhona ukusetyenziswa-.

Ngoko kwakukho izitampu.

inzuzo

Ukususela kwintshayelelo yayo ukuba niyinikele izitampu imini ungomnye Collectibles athandwa kakhulu. Ukhululwe kukuninzi, unako ukuthenga ngaphandle iingxaki. igcina ezobuchwepheshe zinika izitampu zokuposa, amaxabiso apho luzakuqala ukusuka amashumi engange ukuya ku amakhulu amawaka eerandi. Ngoko ke, kukhuselekile ukucingela ukuthenga hlobo mali elungileyo, indlela ekulondolozeni imali.

Ukongeza, sisalathisi inkcubeko bantu ithe ukuqokelela izinto ezifana izitampu. Iintlobo brand, umzekelo, ukudibanisa nomdla kwiminyaka ethile abantu kubo ngumthombo ulwazi, ukwakha neencasa kubuhle.

umtshato ezixabisekileyo

Philately - ikuba inzuzo enkulu. Abalandeli olu hlobo Collectibles bayakwazi ukufumana rhoqo yemiyinge eninzi, xabiso lazo elo ke likhula ngonyaka ngamnye. Kwiimeko ezinjalo zidla Eyona nto iyimbalasane kule minikelo. Kule abaqokeleli eyaziwa anomoya izitampu zokuposa anqabileyo, amaxabiso ezo wachaza into yokuba ezinye uhlobo umtshato owayevunyelwe ukuba ukushicilela. Oku kwandisa kakhulu ixabiso labo.

Ngoku eyaziwa phezulu lonke-10, nto leyo iquka uphawu kuyabiza.

inzuzo

Imali izitampu ngokuthembekileyo, ngokukhuselekileyo inzuzo. Basoloko kwemfuneko. Ingakumbi, ukuba umzekelo we yeyela kudidi lwe ezinqabileyo. izitampu Rare - ezi iikopi ezikhoyo ingxenye ethile. Ngaphezu ezingasebenziseki kunjalo, ngenxa yoko, kuya kuba ngaphezu ixabiso isitampu.

Le yokuvelela kungenxa yenzeke rhoqo abashicileli abanye. Sheet ufumana umbala engalunganga, nto leyo efunekayo, kunye nesitampu ngoku kunqabile ulungele. Okanye umfanekiso ishicilelwa ngamahla ndinyuka. Okanye ubukhulu inkulu. Okanye ecaleni kungqameko amazinyo apho.

Nazi ezi zitampu edume ezinqabileyo:

• "Uphawu Perm". It wakhululwa eSt Petersburg ngowe-1879 kwiphepha equlathe olumfiliba "lobusi". Kwaye ngoko kwakukho isehlo. Imbuyiselo Perm, saba sisiseko le ntsomi njengako apho sixeko saba ekhaya uphawu. Namhlanje, ababini kuphela iikopi ezinjalo.
• "Tiflis Isitampu". It wakhululwa ngowe-1857 e-Tiflis, eziprintiweyo imicu kwiphepha yellow imhlophe lamaqhosha ezintlanu. Kukho iikopi ezintathu;
• "UPenny yaseBritani Black." It wakhululwa ngowe-1840 eBritani. Ibanga yokuqala.
• "St. Mauritius". Lwapapashwa ngowama-1847, iye imposiso kulo mbhalo.
• "Grail Oyingcwele". Rare kuba ezimbini kuphela kwaziwayo.

Yeendleko zezi iintlobo musani kuba ngaphantsi ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo ithetha ukuba uthenge nokunqaba philately, umntu owenza inzuzo. Nayiphi na imeko libe iphupha umqokeleli yakhe.

brand ezixabisekileyo

Ixabiso nayiphi brand lunemiqathango ngokwaneleyo. Ixabiso obungu ntonje cents ezimbalwa, iipeni, eerandi. Elikhulu yenza uhlobo imeko okanye umnqweno umntu ukuba athenge loo nto.

I brand kuyafana bahlulwa babe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeka ekubeni ubucele ntoni izikhundla ukuba bajonge kuyo. Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga okhankanywe kwicandelo yangaphambili, ziya kufakwa kudidi ezixabisekileyo, njengoko nayiphi umqokeleli ovumayo ukuba uhlawula nasiphi isixa ukufumana ikopi ngokwayo.

Brand zixabisekileyo zehlabathi unako ukungena phezulu elandelayo 10:

1. "Aspidka", USSR, 1931.
2. "Baden Impazamo umbala", Baden, 1852.
3. "Basel Dove", eSwitzerland, 1845, i-brand kuphela.
4. "British Guiana", Guyana, ngowe ngo1856, yaziwa ngokuba brand enye.
5. "Yiba Hero!", USSR, 1941.
6. "Bull's-iliso", Brazil 1843.
7. "Intloko Bull kaThixo", lahlaselwa 1858.
8. "Abavangeli Hawaiian", ubulawuli Hawaii 1852.
9. "Blue Alexandria", USA-1846, kuphela ikopi yehlabathi.
10. "Blue pink Mauritius:" Mauritius, 1847, iindleko kwezigidi ezili-15 zeerandi.

umdlalo ezibizayo

Phakathi iintlobo emininzi ume ngaphandle collectible. Kwiimeko ezinjalo kudla kuhlolwa isixa esikhulu kakhulu, nto leyo ungathenga izindlu ezininzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le iintlobo ezinqabileyo kakhulu yaye kuziindleko, esele zikhankanywe apha ngentla.

Ngoko ke, xa usenza isigqibo ukuyenza ekuqokeleleni kwaye ufuna ukuthenga ngokwabo into yexabiso, kufuneka uqonde ukuba kubiza imali eninzi.

Ukuthenga izitampu collectible, nani kungena kwisangqa abantu abaziwayo kunene, unxibelelwano nabo kusoloko umdla. Ngoko ke, ukuqokelela kungenziwa ngokuba oyithandayo ngokwasengqondweni.

Collections philatelists Soviet

Philately kwi USSR lidumile kakhulu. Kukho iingqokelela ezininzi abucala, ezo ngoku uthengiswe. Ngokubanzi, igama yiSoviet Union ayabiza, kodwa kuba imfuno yona ngaphantsi kwenani ingqokelela ngokwabo, ngoko ke ixabiso ayo esezantsi.

Iindleko izitampu ze-USSR namhlanje oku: yonke yakhululwa kwisiqingatha sesibini zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ixabiso avareji engange 5 ikopi enye, kunye brand kufuneka ube kwimeko egqibeleleyo, ngaphandle izitampu; ngaphambili malini 10-20 engange.

Amaxabiso Phantsi ngenxa yokuba ukulungiselela ukuqokelelwa impahla ifumaneka simahla kwi-ofisi yeposi, ngenani elikhulu of brand.

brand ngokuqhelekileyo lithengiswe albhamu, eliquka ngekhulu eziliqela. Ixabiso lokuthenga loo nto inkulu kakhulu, yelicwecwe eyenzelwe injongo ezahlukeneyo: ukuba qhoboshela kumnini kwehlabathi Collectibles, baqonde ukuba into oyithandayo.

Eyona brand ye-USSR ezixabisa i ebizwa ngokuba "Carton". Esi sitampu ukuba ilungu ngalinye Yokuqala All-Union Mboniso ka philately. Ziprintwe noxwebhu izitampu ezine, ezinye ngala mazwi "obetha best". la maphepha steel emva omnye wabo onexabiso kuthengiswa kwifandesi eNew York ukuba $ 766.000 zeerandi.

ukuba umdla

Ngowe-1840, ihlabathi wafunda kokusungulwa brand. Iindidi brand ukususela ezininzi, kodwa Simanywe into enye - ingumqondiso bokuposiweyo. Philatelist lithetha 'lover of izitampu zokuposa ".

Ezo mpawu malini 10, 20, 30 cents wabonakala eRashiya ngowe-1858, kamva kwisibheno yayiquka postcards, oko kukuthi, oonobumba ukuba aziyi kufakwa. I brand lokuqala Soviet othetha mboniso lwezolimo.

ulawulo eziBekekileyo zonke brand of bonke abantu - hayi kukuveza kubo wayesaphila. Kodwa lo mthetho awusebenzi ukuya philately eSoviet Union.