1 Peter 1 penny njengomfuziselo ngexesha

UPenny nakwicandelo lwemali incinane waba vogue kudala ngaphambi kokufika Petra Velikogo. Noko ke, loo nto iye yaba luphawu yokwenene ye Petrine kwexesha.

Silver "ezikalini" kunye imali nexesha pre-Petrine

1 Peter 1 penny ngokuqinileyo wangena ukusetyenziswa njengendlela kwiqhezu leengxoxo de phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-18. imbonakalo yakhe kwinkqubo emali, kunyanzelekileyo ukuba Elena Glinsky. Mkhuba clip iingqekembe zesiliva ngokunzulu ukujongela uqoqosho karhulumente. Isikiwe bavame kude kube kwisiqingatha ubunzima yayo yoqobo, nto leyo ibangele iingxaki izibalo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukunganeliseki lwabantu.

Ngowe-1535 umama Ivana Groznogo wakhupha umyalelo njengako apho zonke iinkozo ezindala wemkayo ejikeleza kunye kufakwe ezintsha kunye ubunzima esekwe kakuhle, ixabiso wesiqhelo kunye abaninzi. Enyanisweni, yaba inkqubo yokuqala uhlanga-ngokubanzi emali.

Weight penny yesilivere Elena Glinsky yaba 0.68 grams. Yaba ezincinane imali ezinkozo lwehlelo (ubunzima 0,34 g). Kule khosi iphinde nemalanana, ogama sathathwa isiqingatha okanye ikota ingqekembe Dime weight. Iyunithi zincinane lwemali de kwenkulungwane ye-18 iyeyobhedu Pulo.

Le ngqekembe eSwitzerland ngexesha pre-Petrine kwi bechola-wire zesilivere. imbonakalo yazo yayifana umnqamlezo phakathi imbewu ivatala kunye isikali iintlanzi. Xa numsmatics yaye alungise elithi "flake" okanye "isikali".

1 penny Peter 1: inkqubo entsha emali

Ngu ekuqaleni kobukumkani uPetros Great kwinkqubo lemali kweli lizwe sele izimele nengxaki enkulu. Kule khosi nangoku ukuba i "kukubola 'endala, kodwa ubunzima babo Sehle phantse kathathu. Bona zisikhumbuza ngakumbi ikhabe okuziinkozo ngaphezu ingqekembe ngokupheleleyo, yaye ukumkani udela wababiza "iintwala."

Coin Petra 1 (1 penny) saba nefom ye idiski tyaba. Ukuze indawo iingqekembe zesiliva ukumkani zobhedu wasondela ngononophelo, esoyika ukunganeliseki ebantwini. Ngowe-1700 penny ubhedu kubalwa imali, yaye kuphela ngo-1704 kwakukho penny classic 1 Peter 1 - ezinkozo sobhedu, nto leyo ilingana 1/100 of engange zesilivere.

Njengoko kwi pre-guqula iintsuku kuwo wawubonisa okhwele ihashe ngomkhonto, ibekwe Umbhalo ngasemva. UPenny copper entsha de 1718 kunye nesilivere endala eyayikho ngaxeshanye de yokugqibela ekugqibeleni indawo.

ixabiso Minti

Namhlanje, 1 Peter 1 penny - nokunqaba ingumbuthi yakhe. Eyona nto yayixabiseke yokuqala iingqekembe zobhedu ngo-1704. ixabiso labo ukuya ku-25 amawaka engange. ukuba Coins ngo-1705 yaye kamva kuqikelelwa nokuthozama kakhulu ngakumbi. Noko ke, bona nabo ngumdla omkhulu kubaqokeleli ezinkozo kunye nabathandi kudala.