Lancet Iphiko: ubume umjikelo wobomi. Iphiko Lancet abantu: ukuxilongwa, uthintelo

Kwindalo, kukho phezu 7,000 iintlobo ziimpethu olwaye lwamfimfitha tyaba. Lancet ngengozi, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngokuba, lanceolate Iphiko - omnye wabo. It isasazeka kuwo onke amazwekazi. Ngethamsanqa, le ndoda ezimfimfitha luhlala ezinqabileyo, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu izilwanyana njengoko ebangela ukuba ukugula kakhulu yaye maxa wambi nkqu nokufa. Inxaxheba ekudalweni nasekusungulweni kwale ntshulube njengoko liye lakwazi ukuzivumelanisa "live" kwi iinginginya ezahlukeneyo. umjikelo wayo wobomi sinzima, kodwa-kusekwa kakuhle. Abantu kufuneka athathe eninzi umgudu ukuze akhusele izilwanyana zabo yaye bona ukuba bosulelekile ngokwabo.

Lancet ngengozi. Uphawu morphophysiological

Olu hlobo flukes bobabo the tyaba iintshulube trematodes. imilinganiso yalo zincinane kakhulu - ubude umzimba ayikho ngaphezu kwe-10 mm ububanzi 3 mm. Ngaphandle isidalwa kufana Lancet, kungoko ke igama sisidleleli. Adult worm kwakhiwa (Marita) axhobe iilekese ezimbini - esiswini ezinkulu kancinane ezincinane - ngomlomo. umzimba trematode livalelwe engxoweni iintungu dystrophy. Izihlunu babe ngeengcamba ezintathu - lo msesane engaphandle longitudinal ngaphakathi enqamlezileyo. Iqumrhu impethu tyaba phezu ziqwempu abahlukaniswa. amalungu akhe zangaphakathi zimelwe wokugaya, luvo, excretory, kunye neenkqubo zokuzala. Excretory futhi ethukile - ilula. Le nkqubo yokusila ibandakanya umlomo, pharynx, kuvuleke iminxunya kunye emathunjini, kwamasebe amabini apho zikho umzimba emacaleni neliphela ongayaziyo. Undigested ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni ukutya ibonisa ngomlomo. Isakhiwo Lancet Iphiko yenkqubo okuzala inzima kakhulu. It imelwe namasende amabini kunye Umbobho Vas, iisetyhula, maqanda, oviduct, kunye wesibeleko ootype omncinane, emi malunga 2/3 we nomthamo umzimba.

buphindwe

Ngokutsho uhlobo isixhobo uhlelo zokuzala Iphiko lancetshaped libhekisela hermaphrodites. ukwanda kwawo kwenzeka kuphela lokugqibela umkhosi, lesithathu. Imbewu worm oqolileyo uqobo yobudoda Umbobho engena kagesi (umzimba ejaculatory), yaye emva koko eshenxela (copulatory) umzimba copulatory. Ootype - ikhamera eyodwa kunye iqokobhe ashinyeneyo. Oku kukhokelela ejaculatory umoya amalungu oyindoda ngokwesini, le imijelo oviduct, vitellaria kunye umsele wesibeleko. Xa ootype iqanda kokukhulelwa kwenzeka, izinto ukutyabeka kunye inwebu yazo vitelline. amaqanda benziwa kufakwa isibeleko, apho ukufudukela umama umngxuma zivuthwe kwaye zibekwe ngaphandle emzimbeni lixhoba. Ukuya emathunjini akhe, zibekwa ituwa kokusingqongileyo.

amaqanda

Lancet ngengozi, ukuba morphology beqanda leyo kukuba xa xesha imibungu (miracidia) olunikezelweyo sformirovyvaetsya ngokupheleleyo, ufuna onke ezimbalwa. Xa uhlobo amaqanda amaphelo ezi okweqanda, legqunyiwe iqokobhe obukhulu kakhulu, kunye ikepusi kwelinye icala. imilinganiso zabo ziyahluka ngobude ukusuka 0,038 ukuya 0,045 mm kunye ububanzi ubuninzi - ukususela 0,022 ukuya 0.03 mm. Umbala - ukusuka emthubi mnyama esimdaka. Lancet ngengozi, njengazo zonke iintshulube olwaye lwamfimfitha, kwande kakhulu. Omnye umntu unako ukuvelisa ukuya amaqanda million ngeveki. Akumangalisi ukuba iqokobhe ezimbini tight, ngenxa yokuba emva kokukhululwa kokusingqongileyo kuya kufuneka ulinde komkhosi wazo wokuqala angaphila imbalela, iimvula ezinkulu, ubushushu okanye ebandayo.

I host lokuqala

Umjikelo Uphuhliso iyonke lanceolate trematode ujikeleze phezu komhlaba. Ingca iinkumba ngqo kunye imigca ukuba rough yakhe, njenge grater, iilwimi ukususa izityalo emzimbeni. amaqanda Worm ngexesha elifanayo zifike beembaza emathunjini. Kukho miracidia lwamaJuda. umzimba yabo engagqibekanga alekwe isiliya, kunye nentloko unalo ukuyilwa cone - a Upper. Ngayo, umbungu ngalinye lingena singene izikhewu phakathi imizimba lababuleweyo eludongeni isisu, nto leyo ukhululekile kuwo isiliya kwaye iguqulelwa ezo sporocysts umzali. It ulahlekelwa phantse onke amalungu, ngaphandle iiseli lwegciwane. Injongo yawo nentsingiselo - ukudala elona nani likhulu kangangoko intombi kombungu ongazange ayeke uhlanga lwakhe lancetshaped liphiko. Umjikelo wobomi kuxhomekeke amakhulu ziingozi, ngenxa izigidi amaqanda ezibanjiswe engceni, kuphela inxalenye encinane kakhulu ufumene umnini. Andise kwenzeka ngendlela enyulu (yi parthenogenesis). Ngenxa yoko, kukho kwindawo entsha (rediae). Zinelungelo ithamo, ngazo wanye ulwelo ngaphandle komkhosi emzimbeni wayo. Kwixesha elizayo, ozelwe redia cercariae. Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo dystrophy bafike emiphungeni udaka apho aqale kunye amaqhuma ungqukuva, wayifulela yencindi yomlomo. Minkarhi yin'wana va nga ukubala ukuya ngabanye 400. UMnenke kulondoloza ngaphandle ngokwakho phezu kwengca. Kukho yencindi lukhuni, ukukhusela cercariae evela iimpembelelo ezingalunganga.

Le host yesibini

Umjikelo we lanceolate trematode iyaqhubeka iimbovane ezitya iibhola kunye imibungu. Kanye ethunjini ilandelayo umbingelelo iyachithakala yencindi yomlomo kunye nefom cercariae cysts kwindawo entsha ngaphakathi. Nguwo lo metacercariae. Kukholelwa ukuba ezinye cercariae emzimbeni we ehamba imbovane ukuya mikhosi yakhe luvo - ganglia, kwaye kancane ukuba zimtyhafise esi sinambuzane ngoxa kuncitshiswa lobushushu lomoya. Le hypothesis luqinisekiswa ngehambo izigulane iimbovane ezihlala kwemini efudumeleyo, njengesiqhelo, kwaye ngokuhlwa okanye lisibekele, ebandayo ngumkhenkce imozulu phezu yabe ingca, ngokungathi elukhukweni enedumbe. Ezincancisayo (ungulates, imivundla, izinja kunye nabanye), itya ingca, ukuginya iimbovane engenakususwa ezinjalo, kunye nabo ezidla sisidleleli. Kanye umzimba mkhosi lokugqibela, metacercariae iya ku isibindi sakhe, apho kwasekwa liphiko lancetshaped oselula. Umjikelo wobomi sisidleleli kule ngongoma iphindiwe.

dicroceliasis imfuyo

Zonke izilwanyana ezitya iimbovane eyosulelekileyo dicroceliasis abagulayo. Xa izinja, oku kwenzeka ngokutya ukutya, nto leyo eye mbovane. Izilwanyana abe ecubhukile, Ndibhityile, singami ndawonye. imifinya zabo yangaphakathi zibe umbala senyongo. isifo Iyonke - ukuqina okanye inyongo duct komtshiso oko.

Dicroceliasis zimpawu sifo ungulates ezifana iibhokhwe, iigusha:

• nengcindezelo;
• ukulahleka iinwele, anozizi yayo;
• yangaphakathi yellow;
• kwesisu okanye ukurhuda;
• isiqaqa (kunye nokungakwazi wajika entanyeni zalo ezisemacaleni Bayawacima namehlo); kwimeko izilwanyana ezigulayo kakhulu eliphezulu.

Yiloo ndlela amaphelo eyingozi Iphiko Lancet-ezimile. Ngesakhiwo neempawu amaqanda ayo kwindawo kuvumela ukuba ukumelana lobushushu kokugquma ukusuka degrees +50 ukuya -50. Ufe kuphela kwiimeko xa izikhombisi obushushu wathi ukwandisa kakhulu. Kwaye ukuba baphile endleni, bangakwazi malunga nonyaka.

dicroceliasis umntu

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwande ekungafunyanwanga lancetshaped Iphiko, isifo yabantu yenza kunqabile, ngenxa yokuba kufuneka angene kungena esiswini izigulane kunye neembovane. Ekula kwesibindi izilwanyana ezisulelweyo kukho usuleleko lobuxoki, efuna unyango. Kwaye, kunjalo, dicroceliasis abantu bagule. Usulelo lwenzeka xa nokudla weembovane kwi ukutya eyeyabantu (isonka, imifuno, njl), besidla sorrel ezingahlanjwanga engcotyeni, xa zibekwe yabe emlonyeni, apho kukho iimbovane, njalo-njalo. Iimpawu zesi sifo:

• ubuhlungu kunye neentlungu esibindini ;
• sorhudo okanye nokuqunjelwa;
• komzimba;
• yangaphakathi yellow.

unyango

Lanceolate trematode amaphelo kuphela esibindini kunye inyongo imibhobho. Abantu babacukucezela iziyobisi "Triklobendazol" yaye "Praziquantel". Esibhedlela ingafuneki.

Xa dicroceliasis lobuxoki kucetyiswa ukuba inkunkuma evela ukutya inyama izilwanyana ezigulayo. Amayeza kulo mzekelo azisetyenziswa.

ungulates Domestic siphatha "Politremom", "ngePanacur." Amathamo babelwa ngokusekelwe ubunzima isilwanyana. Eli chiza liye ugalelwe kunye nesondlo anike kusasa. Kukho kwakhona iziyobisi ukuba zifakwa intramuscularly.

ngokusebenzisa "Geksihol" yaye lithetha "Karsil" asetyenziswa kuqheleke kwesibindi ngenxa unyango kwezinja.

ukuvimbela

Animals dicroceliasis ihamba nzima yaye ngokufuthi kuphelela ekufeni. Inxalenye yesizathu soku kukuba iimpawu zesi sifo sibonakalalisiwe xa ingqalelo umbungu isibindi uyazifezekisa amanani eliphezulu (umz, ezigusheni phezu abantu 10,000). Ngoko ke, ukuze kungabikho ngxaki lancetshaped Iphiko, uthintelo ibalulekile. Kuya iintshulube izilwanyana. Njengoko izimvu, kunye nezinye yinyongo, kuliwa kwiminyaka 1.5, kwiminyaka emi-3, 5 no-7. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba esweni imeko emadlelweni, ukuphelisa indawo gwenxa kweembaza - amatyholo, namatye. Njengomgquba phezu emasimini kufuneka ukususa indlela biothermal decontaminated.

Abantu dicroceliasis flash kakhulu kwimimandla apho kuthathwa ngokuba kukho izinambuzane, kodwa phakathi kwabo, neembovane. Kwakhona, kwamanye amazwe zisetyenziswa njengonyango abanam. Ukuze ukuba "ukubamba" ngokuba liphiko, umntu kufuneka ulandele elula imithetho yococeko.