KwiPhondo Vladimir ngokwemeko wembali Russian

KwiPhondo Vladimir, owasekwa ngo-1796 yangummiselo eliphambili kakumkani Paul I kwaye yayikhona iinguqu ezingephi de-1929, waba imbali elide, kuhlangene ukuba umlando ubomi Russia. Ngexesha Ivana Groznogo iziko yolawulo - isixeko samandulo Russian of Vladimir - ukulawulwa iirhuluneli abaqeshwe yi umlawuli ngqo. Uye waqhubeka ixabiso layo kwiminyaka elandelayo.

Ixesha le nguqulelo Petrine

Peter I, efuna ukomeleza ngokubanzi nkqo kwamandla karhulumente, ngoDisemba 1708 wakhupha umyalelo ngokwendlela kuyo yonke indawo yoBukhosi baseRashiya yahlulwe amaphondo asibhozo ogama busi ukususela iirhuluneli Kwabizwa ke. Ngelo xesha, isixeko Vladimir, akakafiki wafumana iwonga njengesifundo ayingaphandle Federation, yaba yinxalenye esanda yasekwa kwiphondo eMoscow, ukuba iziko kwiminyaka emibini omnye amaphondo abaziintloko kwingqwayi yayo.

kwande kakhulu kubuyekezo yezolawulo, Peter I ngowe-1718 wakhupha umthetho omtsha ukuba ntsimi Russian lwaxhomekeka ukwahlulwa nokuba ezincinane mahlanu amaphondo yinxalenye amaphondo yokuqala wasungula kwaye ilawulwa ngabalawuli. Phantsi kwalo mthetho, uVladimir waba iziko lephondo, apho iPhondo Vladimir yasekwa kwixesha elizayo.

Nangona into yokuba ngokusesikweni kweli phondo yaba amaphondo, ebakhokela oomantyi akazange akumi kumabamba ayamileyo yaye inkululeko epheleleyo odolo zazo. Le Ngaphandle kuphela a iseti kubuthwa, nayo yonke eminye imicimbi enxulumene nokhuselo emkhosini.

Impembelelo ye empresses mabini bayahlelwa kwiphondo Vladimir

Ebudeni bolawulo uKumkanikazi Elizabeth wanikela angxamele entsha ubomi yokomoya Vladimir kwaye kulo lonke iphondo enkulu, iziko apho yena. Oku ikakhulu ngenxa ukuvuselela ngaphambili owakubhangisayo okunene Vladimir eso sithili, kwakunye ukusekwa kwi secawa, apho kwaphuma iindonga amanani amaninzi abadumileyo yeCawa Orthodox Russian.

ngokuzalwa kwakhe ezisemthethweni zePhondo Vladimir waba nombulelo ummiselo zilandelayo Russian uKumkanikazi - uCatherine II, similise a Matshi 1778 kwiphondo zangaphambili njenge iiyunithi yolawulo ezimeleyo, wasibeka phezu imo efanelekileyo.

Noko ke, kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva uKumkanikazi wakufumanisa kuyimfuneko ukuyiguqula asanda yasekwa kwiphondo kwi yokubusa, yahlulwe yaba izithili elinesine. Kule fomu uye waphila iminyaka esibhozo, ukuya kwindawo, njengokuba uPawulos I ngowe-1796, wabuyela imo yephondo.

Bright, kodwa ngokufutshane ixesha of Paul I

Ngokutsho Imperial Ndiwise umthetho, uVladimir kwiphondo counties ziye zohlulwa Yuriev, Suzdal, Pereslavl, Melenkovsky, Vyaznikovsky, Shuya, Pokrovsky, Murom, Gorokhovets kunye central - Vladimir. Iyonke - iiyunithi ezizimeleyo yolawulo ezilishumi kummandla phantse mane anantathu amawaka migodi isikwere, enkulu ngokwaneleyo ukulungiselela amazwe aseYurophu.

Ixesha eqaqambileyo, kodwa emfutshane wobukumkani bakhe noPawulos kuzinza ekudalweni onke amaphondo Russian amabhunga zonyango, lowo ngelo xesha amaziko zokuqala zonyango kunye nolawulo lizwe kwimbali. Yaba linyathelo elibalulekileyo kakhulu kwimpilo yoluntu, apho unyango labekwa phantsi kolawulo lukarhulumente.

Ukususela ngelo xesha, hayi kuphela sixeko kodwa kwilali kwiphondo Vladimir wawa entsimini ngenxa abasemagunyeni olawulo, ukulawula umsebenzi ezibhedlele, imisebenzi oogqirha babucala, kwaye esweni ukuthotyelwa imigangatho efanelekileyo impilo. Ukususela ngelo xesha Sivela imbali oogqirha Russian Zemsky kamva ezihonjiswe ngamagama amaninzi odumileyo.

Ngowe-1803, emva umlawuli - Alexander I, owaphumelela kwitrone Russian uyise ababuleweyo - Kananjalo ndawumisa Kovrov, Sudogodsky noAlesandire County Vladimir kwiphondo, nto leyo eyenza ku alishumi elinesithathu. Bonke bephela bohlulwa kumarhamente amabini, anamanci mabini anababini.

Imephu kwiPhondo Vladimir Mende

Ekubeni sigaba eziphambili kuphuhliso yalo mbandela ebanzi kakhulu ye imbumba Uwa kwinkulungwane XIX, abaphandi mihla kufuneka isixa esikhulu sezixhobo zokufunda enxulumene imbali yayo. Ngokukodwa, ukuba khangela ngayo ngexesha kwiPhondo Vladimir, ungafunyanwa Bulelani umsebenzi omnye neenkokeli Imperial Ordnance Survey, uLieutenant-General Alexander Ivanovich Mende. Phakathi amaxwebhu agcinwe kooVimba State, wenze up amaphondo kwiiatlasi babo abasibhozo Russian, phakathi ezithi thaca kunye Vladimir.

imisele yayo geographical

kwiphondo Imephu Mende Vladimir, wenza ngaphezu kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu eminyaka eyadlulayo, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko ezimbalwa, ezifana kwimaphu lommandla wethu owayephila Vladimir. umda wayo osemantla Wasolula ku Kostroma kunye Yaroslavl amaphondo, empuma - to Nizhny Novgorod, ngasentshonalanga - eMoscow kunye South - to Ryazan kunye Tambov.

Ngokususela kwidatha thaca kwi sabheka, waza wahlala ingaguqukanga de-1929, intsimi elipheleleyo kwiphondo ekufikelelwe kwisiqingatha sesibini XIX ukuya kwele ezikwere zeekhilomitha ezingamashumi amane anesihlanu amawaka. Ukusuka empuma kuye entshona ngayo Wasolula ayi amathathu, anamanci mane anesibhozo, kwaye ubude ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi yaba malunga amabini anamanci neekhilomitha amahlanu anesithandathu.

A kummandla woshishino omkhulu of Russia

Kwiminyaka eyandulela revolution Oktobha, iphondo ibilele kwindawo yesithathu eRashiya yi umthamo kwemveliso yoshishino. On nommandla wayo, bekukho amakhulu amane anamanci asixhenxe neenkampani, abasebenzi, omnye anamashumi amathandathu anesihlanu amawaka abasebenzi.

Ngenxa yoko, indawo le eli lizwe libe elinye lamaziko ezininzi ebonakalayo intshukumo yamaBolshevik, nto leyo kakhulu kumiselwa indlela yophuhliso yayo engaphezulu. Ngowe-1929, isigqibo likarhulumente kwiphondo Vladimir njengoko iyunithi yolawulo ezimeleyo kwapheliswa, indawo a Ivanovo kummandla woshishino elalisandul 'ukusekwa.