Kurenivsko Intlekele ka 1961 e Kiev: kwimbali, inkcazo

Kuba ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane encinane kususela kwimini kwenzeka ikomkhulu Soviet Ukraine yintlekele ezenziwe ngabantu. Kukhuselekile ukuba bathi phantse namnye yolutsha lwanamhlanje ayaziwa Kurenivsko yintlekele ka 1961.

Yintoni cwaka Kiev

Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, ikakhulu ukuze ukubangela uluntu, inani ngqo lokufa ezithathwa. Siyazi kuphela malunga ezisemthethweni - kuluhlu lwabantu 145. Akukho nto ayimangalisi, iziphumo yokwenene intlekele ixesha elide yaye ngocoselelo obufihliweyo. Iintsuku eziliqela ilandelelana Kyïv cwaka ngokoqobo - ifowuni icinyiwe, kwaba nzima ukuya naphi na. Nkqu moya umkhweli ayengavunyelwa ukuzakhela ukubhabha phezu site yentlekele kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Kurenivsko ntlekele eyenzeka ngequbuliso, kwaye bazama cwaka.

Lo mcimbi phantse nokuyiphatha. Yezizathu kwafa ukufa ku ezahlukene 1.5-2 amawaka. Abahlali Kyïv, akukho namnye kubo babengazi ngaloo mini ngoMatshi 13, 1961 baya kuba ngabokugqibela yawo ebomini. Lixesha ukufumana indlela ntlekele yenzeke Kurenevsko nokuba ifihliweyo iminyaka emininzi kangaka!

Indlela konke kwenzeke

ekuseni ngoMvulo. Kubonakala ukuba isiqalo eliqhelekileyo kwiveki zomsebenzi kwilizwe le socialism zaphuhliswa. abemi Soviet ndileqeka imisebenzi yabo, ukuze bafunde. izithuthi zikawonke-wonke, njengesiqhelo, igcwele.

Okokuqala, e Kurenyovka, indawo ombhaxa, imbonakalo ngesiquphe loqukuqelo amancinane amanzi wenza intshukumo akunakwenzeka ezitratweni. Kungekudala, ukususela babi Yar yintlama wagaleleka wave ukuphakama kuyimitha 14 ngomzuzwana abadlulayo iimitha ezi-5. Ngokoqobo nje imizuzu embalwa yommandla eehektare phantse 30 kwakunzima ukufunda. Ngaloo ndlela waqala Kurenevsko onogumbe ngo-1961.

Le yayisongela mudflow kwadilika ezingwevu-mdaka nazizalisa izitrato, Sibhukuqa iimoto kunye neelori, batshabalalisa isakhiwo, erhola abahambi ngeenyawo. Yonke into esiyibonayo, wayifulela yi umaleko udaka, apho kwakukho udongwe, isanti, iingqalutye kunye nezinye nokungcola. Fall of zikagesi kwakhokelela emlilweni, ephithizelayo tram abakhweli, iitroli kunye neebhasi. eneneni Abantu bamangaliswa: sasekuseni, umntu wazama oluvela ifowuni pay kwindlwana, njl Emva koko bhala ukuba yaba wokwenene Kiev kaPompeii ... Kurenivsko Intlekele 1961 wathabatha ubomi obuninzi, ukuba sithethe kanye ngayo wayengafuni.

mfanekiso mbi

Yalondolozwa le maxesha iziganeko ezoyikekayo Kurenyovka. Intshabalalo ukusongela kwenzeka malunga nentsimbi yesithathu. Le elibalulekileyo safika imizuzu omathandathu, anamanci mane anesihlanu (kweminye imithombo - ngecala emva kwentsimbi yesibhozo kusasa). Yaba mfanekiso mbi. Ubalekile ekuthinjweni 700 lamawaka cubic metres yintlama, uqhu- lizenza yonke into indlela yabo, kuquka ukwakhiwa. Xa umsinga ngokubanzi, nto leyo yaba ububanzi malunga-20 eemitha, nje kuphela abantu abangengabo nethamsanqa ophilileyo. Amanzi wemba engcwabeni emangcwabeni apho izidumbu incothulwe eziqwenga ezibolileyo nabizayo.

Kurenivsko Intlekele 1961 ibisoyikeka kunye ezoyikisayo. Konke okwenzekileyo, kwakunzima ukuxelela. Abantu lokusinda abafuni ukuba ukukhumbula ngaloo mini, njengoko abaninzi baye balahlekelwa umntu.

Kokutshabalalisa ukuhamba kwamanzi sele idlule kwi Frunze Street

Uninzi bonke baya iziqalelo wekratshi inkampani "Ukrpromkonstruktor" esiporweni yokothula Krasin, izibhedlele, ezinkundleni "Spartak". icandelo umonakalo le Frunze esitratweni, kwakunye nezakhiwo zokuhlala, apho ibekwe kwindawo udonga. izikhukhula Iyonke kummandla ka-5000 square metres. m wajika izakhiwo 53, kuquka zokulala ezimbini. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha izakhiwo abachaphazelekayo - indlu enomgangatho omnye. Kurenivsko Intlekele ka 1961 e Kiev iye yabangela ukuphazamiseka ezininzi.

Ekubeni wesenzo ngqindilili zaze ekhawulezileyo abasebenzi esiporweni yokothula amandla unesikhululwana iyekisiwe. Ngaloo ndlela ke akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhusela olunye imililo kwizithuthi sombane kunye ubungozi ugesi. Ngokuthe ngcembe, iliza uphelelwa ngamandla, e Frunze esitratweni ukuphakama kwayo kube ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha. Noko ke, wakwazi ukuba ubomi babantu imihla elikhulu elinamanci embalwa Kiev.

Mvulo - usuku enzima

Ipete, eyazalisa ndawo, zilinganisiwe, phantse ngokulinganayo lexinene welitye. Le into ulwelo kugalelwe kwibala ngodaka umaleko ngodongwe tshu "Spartak" ezikufutshane Podolsky ukwehla. Kwakuhlwa wendele ezimkayo eludongeni olude, njengoko umaleko ububanzi kweemitha ezintathu.

Wamelana kuvuthelwa Hospital Podolsky, uphahla nelawula ukunyuka ndisindise inxenye izigulane. Kubahlali abaninzi Kurenevka sibi ngoMvulo yaba uhlobo 'imini ePompeii. "

Oko wahlala ixesha elide ngasese intlekele Kurenivsko. Njengokuba kwakunjalo, amangqina Ukukhumbula ngokukhawuleza, phambi apho ubani angabona iinyembezi.

ukuze engaqhelekanga

Kufunyenwe imiyalelo efihlakeleyo ukuqhuba amagunya emingcwabeni phantse ngasese, ngaphandle yomngcwabo yoluntu kwi amangcwaba ezahlukeneyo eyayiseKiev. Ezinye ngcwaba nangaphakathi mmandla. Amanyathelo anjalo ziyilelwe ukufihla inani lokwenyani amaxhoba, ngaloo ndlela sikuphephe ekuvakaleni kwelizwi kwezopolitiko.

Sekunjalo, kufuneka ahlawule irhafu ukuya ubunkokeli - abemi ezingonwabanga izindlu waba kummandla wentlekele wayo, owanikwa izitshixo zokuhlala ezintsha. Ukongeza, ukuba unikwa ithuba lokuba kuthenga kwi zombane zasekhaya ngetyala phantsi amatikiti ezizodwa elinikiweyo.

Ngokomgangatho ifihla le ntlekele elikhulu Kurenivsko 1961 (Kiev, Ukraine), nto leyo athi amashumi kumaxesha ubomi ngaphezu isaziso for kwamanye amazwe.

Trip kwi kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo

Umbuzo ophakamayo ngoonobangela ntlekele Kurynivska. Ingaba kwenzeke konke ngesiquphe kwaye akukho nto, njengoko bathi, akukho zimpawu engxingongo? Ngaba sifanele asole intlekele ngabantu kuphela element? Mhlawumbi intlekele kwenzeka ngenxa nemeko yomntu (i miscalculations zobunjineli, engayenzanga umntu)? Okanye kukho uphazamiseko imikhosi kwemvelo? Ukuze siphendule imibuzo enjalo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza i uhambo kwi kutsha nje kwixa elidlulileyo kwaye wenze uphando kancinane. Hayi kuba ayikho le ntlekele Kurenivsko. "Esiqalekisweni i babi Yar" bayibiza bakule ndawo. Kutheni kunjalo? Oku kucaca ukuba aqhubeke nokufunda inqaku.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, xa Kiev waxineka ngamaNazi kwi babi Yar kwakukho ekubulaweni kwenqwaba. Xa zizonke, apha bafumana ukufa kwabo ngaphezu kwama-260 amawaka naziphi abantu abamsulwa, apho amaYuda phantse amawaka 150. AmaJamani, Kakade ke, yenza konke okusemandleni ukuze ukufihla izenzo zabo bubugqwirha ngokuthi ovuthayo imizimba koko.

izinto ezimbi

Emva kokuba uloyiso phezu Fascism babi Yar umdla abaphangi. Kwathi ke ngongcwalazi "archeologists abamnyama" tinkering kwi emhlabeni, ezama ukufumana apho amakhonkco egolide kunye amazinyo.

Le ngxaki isonjululwe ngendlela onyeliso. Kwi indawo apho waya kuphumla wayifulela ngomhlaba isidumbu, kwakumele ukuba ipaki ukuzonwabisa, ekhwela kunye dance floor. Kulo mzekelo, ikomiti yesigqeba City Council isekelwe phezu kwale mithetho-siseko esivakalayo ilandelayo: umzimba shot amaYuda andikulingene unyango yabantu, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuphepha kuthinjwe.

40 kweye-- ekuqaleni-imi- 50 kwinkulungwane lokugqibela babeba ezinkulu zokwakha-isikali izakhiwo ezinemigangatho zokuhlala kummandla of Kiev, nto leyo edume ngelika "Khrushchev". Ukrainian SSR Capital landiswa kunye nempahla ezintsha lwezindlu. Ushishino lokwakha kukho imfuneko engxamisekileyo kukho inani elikhulu lezitena niya kulirhola. Ukwenzela ukuhlangabezana mveliso izitena imfuno ekhoyo kwafuneka asebenze imini nobusuku.

Iingcambu yentlekele ezenziwe

Kurenivsko yintlekele (March 13 , 1961, Kiev) akazange aluzukwenzeka ebusuku, iimeko ukuze kungafunyanwa 1950. E Moscow, umbutho le projekthi iye yaphuhliswa yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa izinto zokwakha kwi babi Yar isakhiwo ngamanzi ngenxa yokugcina inkunkuma ikakhulu kwizityalo ngezitena kaPetros. ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwakuya ukuqhubeka kulandela isigqibo phantsi inombolo 582 yi ikomiti yesigqeba Kyïv City Council. Kungekudala "ukukhanya," intloko kwigosa yagqiba ukulungisa inguqulelo yokuqala. Ngoko ke sele Sithathe isigqibo eyahlukileyo №2405, njengako kuyo? emva ukuphakamisa umgangatho yokufika kwakhe ukufikelela emgceni kumwonyo.

A yangaphambili enkwalini ngowe-1952 baqalisa ukwakhiwa ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi yokulahla zam. Ekuqaleni, ujikeleze lonke kujikelezo wathulula edamini zodongwe. Emva koko, usebenzisa dredgers bat waqala ukufumana inkunkuma njenge oluludaka namashishini eyenziwa clays ukuvelisa yezitena. Kodwa kungekudala imeko enye. Ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, idama zokuzikhusela kuza funeka zilibuyise leemitha ezilishumi. Isakhono ingozi emelwe kukuba amanxuwa imveliso zigqityiwe omkhulu zodongwe iimitha isikhongozeli 60 Wavuka ngaphezu kwinqanaba elinye BP yemimandla embhaxa, apho kwakukho abaninzi Izakhiwo zokuhlala kunye namashishini ezibalulekileyo. Kurenivsko ntlekele yenzeke ngenxa yokungakhathali yabantu, singqiniwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Iimpazamo kwi intengo yezinto

Ukushwankathela, ukuze sikwazi ukubona iziphoso iphambili ilandelayo:

• Hayi gidronamyva uyilo wacinga-phandle ngokupheleleyo kwathiwa mntu ulimeleyo ngokupheleleyo, njengoko ulungisiwe "ingcaphephe" ekuhlaleni.
• Ababhali zeprojekthi, kuyabonakala lizama a akhwifa umhlaba ezantsi owayesakuba enkwalini.
• Ebusika, maxa wambi kukho akukhona enzima, nto leyo ebalulekileyo.
• Yaba amadama kuyimfuneko kunokuba zodongwe yamisa isakhiwo kuthembeka ngakumbi yaye elide eziphathekayo.
• Ezigciniweyo kwi imibhobho yamanzi. Ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu yabo inkqubo ayisebenzi kakuhle, amanzi ndiyizalele primer akukhange ixesha alahlwayo. Ngaphandle yintlama lusoloko esidla eso sixa ukuba mkhulu amaxesha 3 isixa equlethwe ekubaleni yokuqala. Brickworks bazama Zizigqithile isicwangciso, ngaphandle ukuyeka ukuveliswa, kunye ucwangciso shift ezintathu.

Naxa mpawu kuyothusa yazicacela kakhulu, akukho manyathelo athathiweyo. iminyaka emine ngaphambi kokuba imini iNtloko sibi wokuvelelwa ingxelo nje nolawulo mveliso ngezitena uPetros kunye nentloko yesebe wesixeko jetting ngesimo yangoku yayimbi. Le meko kolu phuhliso ebusika. Nokuba ke, ngokufuthi nto ebisenyobeni belingenakuziqulatha umxube ngamanzi nesanti, nto ke leyo ebangele ukuba iindawo ezingqonge ngokungaphelelanga phantsi kwamanzi. Waqala njengendlela yintlekele Kurenivsko (babi Yar ngoMatshi 13, 1961).

Iminyaka elishumi umzila ebisenyobeni ebiyelweyo kwakukho malunga 4 million cubic metres. m oluludaka ukwimeko engamanzi. Zonke uxanduva kufuneka zabelwe Alexei Davydov, ngubani intloko iBhunga leSixeko ukususela 1947 (usodolophu). Kukholelwa ukuba fanele ingcamango akuboni onyeliso ye ekutshatyalalisweni babi Yar ngenxa yokukhululwa rhoqo ngezitena. Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba amathambo kunye ezabelwe ukwakha zokuzonwabisa uthuli, kuquka zokutyela kunye ezinika! Ukuba oko kwakwenzekile Kurenivsko esibuhlungu, bekuya kuba kwafika kuhlekwe phezu iintsalela amaYuda abathinjiweyo.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Alondoloza amabali abo ke phakathi liquidators. Ungaze, mhlawumbi, abayi ongekho kwimemori kumfanekiso olandelayo. Oogandaganda, amalahle ukungcola sekhombuya, nemihlakulwana yaso intsimbi wachacha imizimba ngaloo zixhaxhwe kubo. Abo amaxhoba abo nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuze usinde, basiwa kwizibhedlele abakhweli. Xa umntu esifa, esingekangcwatywa kwakhe kufutshane esibhedlele. Aba bantu engasekho ziqukiwe kuluhlu amaxhoba.

Kurenivsko Intlekele ngoMatshi 13, 1961 - ibala elimnyama kwimbali Ukraine. Konke oku ngeziphetshiwe na ngahlolo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umnqweno ukwenza ezininzi ubutyebi wenza iimpazamo esingaxolelekiyo.