Ixesha Iingxaki: ngokufutshane ezibangela, iziphumo nempembelelo

Ixesha Iingxaki. Ngokufutshane ngoonobangela kunye neziphumo zeli xesha enzima kwilizwe lethu iza kuxoxwa ngezantsi. ERussia ngokwezoqoqosho kwaye emzimbeni zatshatyalaliswa, abantu baye baphelelwa ukholo ngesiphumo abathembekileyo. Kodwa iingxaki ziye zisonjululwe, wenyuka indlu entsha (nezokugqibela) phezu kwetrone.

Ixesha Iingxaki: ngokufutshane malunga nezizathu

Ngoko ke, yintoni isizathu esiyintloko? Mhlawumbi, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba ubukumkani Ivana Groznogo. Lo mlawuli kunye despot kunye oprichnina yakhe engeyomfuneko Livonian War amanxiwa kuphela lizwe, wazisa nengxabano lwentlalo. Kwaqinisa le uziva Uglich drama xa ubulawa yindlalifa kwitrone. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho ezinye izizathu, eya kuvela kwamathandabuzo ukusuka ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala ngentla. Okokuqala, oko lunengxaki ubukhosi kunye norhulumente (Usenguye Uglich idrama efanayo); okwesibini, oko zisiba kwinkalo zentlalo, ezo zibangelwa ummiselo omtsha uphando seminyaka emihlanu abalimi eyadala (umthetho ndiqiniseke ngakumbi ekukhotyokisweni lo maleko sabantu); Okwesithathu, ekuqalekeni Ixesha Iingxaki, ngokufutshane malunga iziganeko eziza kuxoxwa ngezantsi, ziphawulwe ngokuthi yindlala; Okwesine, amabango ezinkulu ePoland ukuya etroneni Russian. Ngoko ke, i "isipha 'enkulu imiba, ethatyathwe kunye, wanika inkxaso enkulu, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni uhlobo yokuwa karhulumente.

Ixesha Iingxaki: ngokufutshane malunga iziganeko

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ekuqalekeni Troubles, kukhatshwa indlala enkulu. Isimanga, abantu ugxeke ngoko ukumkani - Boris Godunov, lowo kuthiwa bamqumbisa uthixo wabo "non-zendalo", oko kukuthi yokuba kwetrone akufunekanga ibe ezandleni zakhe. Enye indlela okanye omnye, kodwa lo mlawuli uyasweleka kwaye iqala lixesha elinzima eRashiya. Ilizwe kwenzeka neemvukelo ezimbalwa, kwaye ke kukho i mavunwa nguDmitry yokuqala. Eli nani kamva kaHomer. Okumangalisayo kukuba, lo mlawuli kunye nomkhosi phezu waya egxalabeni le imposter, kodwa oku akuthethi ukumsindisa ekufeni. Ngoku kuza Ixesha izinduna yokumkani. Xa nzulu imfazwe yamakhaya kwelo lizwe. Vasiliy Shuysky imithetho ngexesha kwimvukelo Ivan Bolotnikov, ngexesha ungenelelo yoluntu, kwakunye nangexesha lokubhalwa False nguDmitry Second. isela Tushino, njengoko yayibizwa, njengoko kwakuxhaphakile phakathi kwabantu, kodwa akazange afumane inkxaso eyaneleyo: imibutho necebo neziphumo okubulala lo pretender. Kodwa ke izinduna ukumkani ibhukuqwe. Okulandelayo iza ubukumkani ibhunga ezisixhenxe. Ngeli xesha, ezimbini wamajoni abantu eyinkunzi ahlangule Russia, kunye isimahla kubahlaseli. Kamva uya kuba uphumezo kuzwelonke, kwakunye zezivumelwano uxolo Poland Sweden, nto leyo eya kukhusela ithutyana imida yelizwe.

Ixesha Iingxaki, isiyaleli leyo ichazwe ngasentla, kwakhokelela ekubeni etroneni Russian, kusekwa indlu entsha, igama apho - the Romanovs. Ngenxa i Zemsky Sobor wakhethwa lo kumkani uselula, owathi ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima kukhokelele kwimeko lozinzo. Ngenxa yoko, iziphumo kwamaxesha (ngokufutshane malunga zazo zifumaneka iincwadi zezifundo kunye iimanyuwali) ziye izinto yokuzihlola lorhulumente omtsha.