Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa inyikima? imithetho yokhuseleko ngenxa yenyikima

Nayiphi na intlekele yendalo unobangela panic phakathi kwabantu. Ukwenzela ukuphepha izenzo ezingafanelekanga, wonke umntu kufuneka azi ukuba baziphathe ngayo ngexesha kwiimeko ezinjalo. Enye yezinto ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ngezimanga zendalo inyikima. Akwenzeki ukuthintela, kodwa unako ukusindisa ubomi bakho. Into engundoqo ke ukunika yokothuka zikarhulumente ugcine sinengqondo ephilileyo. Kodwa ukuze siqonde ukuba yintoni ezakwenziwe yinyikima, kufuneka wazi ukuba oku yintlekele.

Funda okungakumbi ngalo isenzeko

Iinyikima zenzeka ngenxa intlokoma kunye watshisa izitha ngaphantsi komhlaba, ukuba zibangelwa yi iinkqubo ziitectonic plates, okanye kuxhokonxwa ngethuba yesiqalo enogonyamelo. Enyanisweni, iziganeko ezinjalo zenzeka rhoqo ngokwaneleyo kwiplanethi yethu, kodwa hayi zonke akhokelela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Abaninzi uthathe indawo phantsi umaleko wolwandle, yaye abazange uzive. Xa kunjalo, wonke umntu kufuneka azi ukuba benze ntoni ngexesha inyikima. Malunga nokusebenza yezenzo kuxhomekeke ngqo, ukusindisa ubomi okanye hayi.

Abanye inyikima kwamanzi kwabangela itsunami enamandla ukuba kubetha umoya onamandla kwaye babulale izigidi zabantu. Uluntu abanakuze bakwazi ukulawula iinkqubo yesimo iplanethi yethu. Kungenxa yoko le nto kukho iinkonzo iliso ukuphuhliswa kwamaziko eentlekele elizayo kwaye athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuze asindise abantu.

Ukuhlelwa iinyikima zomhlaba, kuxhomekeke amanqaku

Kukho iindlela ezininzi ezizodwa komhlaba, eligqala ubukhulu umfutho. amanqaku yokugqibela abaliweyo, leyo zisekwa deformation lo Uqweqwe kunye nobungakanani intshabalaliso yezakhiwo komhlaba kunye nezakhiwo. Cinga ngakumbi dvenadtsatiballnuyu Mercalli isikali:

• 1 - La iingcangcazela awuboni abantu kuphela oomatshini eliphezulu-ngqo ukuphendula ukuhla zincinane kuqweqwe lomhlaba.
• 2 - intlokoma babevakalelwa yi abahlali ophezulu-liphume. Abanye abazange ziwuthathele ingqalelo lo mmangaliso.
• 3 - A lokungcangcazela wayo kwenzeka phezu imigangatho ephezulu izakhiwo ezinemigangatho. Ngaba swing neendawo, amanzi bengcangcazela kwitoti. Machine imi kwindawo yokupaka iimoto, vula i alarm ngenxa okunzulu buqapheleke.
• 4 - linokuchazwa nje kwango ngamandla zokumodareyitha. Wonke umntu kwelo gumbi, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuvakalelwa intshukumo kwamacwecwe zomhlaba. Doors neefestile baqalisa isiba mbi, kwaye iglasi ayikhuphi ukukhala olwahlukileyo. Ezinjalo oqaphelekayo ingakumbi ezinzulwini zobusuku, abaninzi siphaphile.
• 5 - Le nyikima nakuthathatha, wonke umntu uba intlokoma ze kumphezulu womhlaba. Kumakhaya amaninzi neentanda iifestile, izinto eziwayo ukusuka ezishelfini.
• 6 - intlokoma kubangela isidumo yoluntu. Wonke siqala ukusebenza phandle ezitratweni, kwaye izicwili ngefanitshala ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo ngeenxa indlu. Ezishelfini eziwa izinto ezisindayo. Nkqu imithi kukhutshwe ukurhashaza uphawu amagqabi, uve zemithi ngomsindo.
• 7 - ukunyikima ngokwaneleyo strong ukuba umntu etshaya phantsi. Uninzi izakhiwo zigqunywe iintanda, siyabutyaka emhlabeni ezingazinzanga. Amanzi amachibi kunye nemilambo ye kakhulu wavusa namafu udaka ezantsi. ikhefu Ifenitshala, ibetha izinto.
• 8 - Inyikima ukuba siyitshabalalise sakhiwo. Amasebe imithi ezaphukileyo, ayangena emhlabeni phantsi kweenyawo zabo.

• 9 - Imeko ezinkulu, apho wazitshabalalisa isakhiwo, wababulala abantu abaninzi kangaka. Amadama zichithwe phantsi koxinzelelo ndiziqhawule imibhobho yamanzi.
• 10 - Umhlaba nje kuyehla, ihamba, kunye nemizi yonke izinto eziwayo. Njengomgaqo, iiyure ezimbalwa phambi kokuba ungqubano nokungoyiki aqale izilwanyana, leyo kwangaphambili ukufa ngokukhawuleza. Emhlabeni, kwasekwa sibange esikhulu, amanzi ukuthululwa imilambo namachibi. Komzila deformable.
• 11 - Phantse zonke izakhiwo zitshatyalalisiwe, kuphela izakhiwo single abakwazi ukumelana. imizila kaloliwe ke gqitha ukuba leekhilomitha.
• 12 - ntlekele yokwenene utshabalalisa zonke izinto eziphilayo. Nokuba imifula utshintsho, naseArabha usemhlabeni liqale ukubetha emthonjeni. Senziwe ichibi entsha ngokupheleleyo, imbonakalo utshintshwa ngaphaya ingqalelo.

I iphezulu isikali yenyikima, kuba nzima ukulungisa imiphumo. Ngexesha iintlekele ezinkulu wabulala imizi yonke, abantu bahlala abangenamakhaya. izindlu zabo bayaguquka ndoyenza amanxuwa, naphantsi Rescuers inkunkuma ndisikhuphe emzimbeni ixesha elide efile.

Njengoko kumiselwe yi ubukhulu

Ubukhulu yenyikima lusekiwe ngokusekelwe data ezifunyenwe izixhobo zokukala ngqo - seismograph. igama layo kuvamile - iRichter isikali. It yasungulwa ngo-1935, yaye ukususela ngoko lasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngamagcisa ehlabathini lonke. Oko sisixa lwamandla akhutshwayo kule ngozi, kuthathelwa ingqalelo kule isikali.

Nazi iinombolo ezisisiseko, ezimisela kwawo nawuphi komhlaba;

• 2.0 - UJohn kancinane kakhulu, ezinako ukuba agcine, asingabo bonke abahlali;
• 4.5 - ukuhla ngcathu emhlabeni, ebangela okungephi izinto intshabalalo;
• 6.0 - UJohn usebenza yokuba watshabalalisa isakhiwo (ngexesha aba nzima ukuba abantu bahlale ezinyaweni zakhe);
• 8.5 - mibi (imizi yonke kuba nje yimfumba yenkunkuma).

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ngayo intlekele umhlaba Soze yenzeke nobukhulu ngaphezulu 9.0.

Kulungile ukuthintela kunokuba ukulungisa

ukhuselo bolu zabemi iinyikima kunciphisa kakhulu ipesenti iyonke amaxhoba. Ukuba usete igxile intlekele elizayo kunokwenzeka, qiniseka ukuba baphume abantu. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko, wonke umntu kufuneka uthathe unonophelo nokhuseleko lwabo. Kufuneka ukuba ube ukulungele lonke ixesha kwesi siganeko kwaye mabazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni ntoni ngexesha inyikima.

Okokuqala, thatha amanyathelo zokuzilungiselela ukunceda ukumelana uvalo neentlekele ebezingalindelekanga zendalo. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo seismically eyingozi, le ndlu kufuneka ibe iseti eqhelekileyo yezinto zenzelwe ukuba ukusinda kwimeko eyingozi. Qiniseka ukuba aqokelele onke amaxwebhu kwaye uwagcine kwindawo esemboniselweni.

Le migaqo ibalulekileyo

Cinga amanyathelo ezisisiseko ukulungiselela entlekele, kwakunye noko ukwenza ngexesha komhlaba;

• Xa ikhaya lakho kufuneka kusoloko kwindawo esekuhleni ikhithi lokuqala zoncedo onke amayeza ayimfuneko. Qiniseka ukuba abeke kunomathotholo lighter kwaye isebenza neebhetri.
• Thenga sokucima umlilo omncinane, khangela serviceability yayo.
• Imeko zinokuba nomahluko, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba wazi imithetho ezisisiseko zoncedo lokuqala. Xa likaxakeka, kufuneka ukwazi ngokwazo ukunceda abanye kunye nawe, uthathe amayeza afunekayo, wabeka iminqwazi kwisiza zaphuka.
• Xa izothuso encinane zivale kwangoko kwiimpompo ukuhambisa ikhaya lakho lwegesi, amanzi nombane.
• Ifanitshala Heavy kunokuba ngokuqinileyo phantsi, ukuze kutyunyuzwa ngumntu ngubo oyithandayo.
• Soloko ugcine ingqondo yakho kwisicwangciso somsebenzi ngobungxamo, cinga apho okusemandleni ukufihla kunye onke amalungu entsapho.
• Musa ukugcina ezishelfini yezinto bubuthongo krobo.
• Yiba unikezelo lwamanzi (ubuncinane nengqayi encinane nabo).

Izenzo kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko ngexesha yinyikima

Umntu ngamnye kwindawo yokuqala ngaphandle inika ukhuseleko walo enyikimeni. Ukuba uziva, nokungcangcazela, ngoko musa ukuzama ukuya jikelele umbuso ngokuphakuzela. Ukuba ngaphakathi, kungcono ukuba ukhethe indawo ekhuselekileyo, ulale phantsi emgangathweni. Musa ukulibala ukukhusela intloko yakho iingalo zakho ubutyobo kunokwenzeka kunye eziwayo. Musa phezulu ude ube uqinisekile ukuba iingcangcazela bayeka ngokupheleleyo.

Ngokutsho manani, baninzi abantu ababulawa zokubethwa yezinto eziwayo. .. It nekhabhathi, iTV, eqingqiweyo enzima, njl, ungenza kundisindisa izakhiwo eziwayo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukukhetha i-maqhinga ekunene. Xa kunjalo, hlala uzolile kwaye musa onkcenkceshela ngawo aphumela esitalatweni okanye lonke igumbi.

Landela yonke imithetho enyikimeni, ziyaphuhliswa nabancedi, uze ke wena ugcine umphefumlo wakho. Qiniseka ukuba kulala phantsi emgangathweni ukuhambisa kuphela ngamadolo. Emi ngeenyawo zakho, uqinisekile ukuba ukufumana umonakalo emibi kakhulu.

Ukuba uhlala kwisakhiwo ngezitena esihle, ngoko oku kokuqala izothuso ubambe amaxwebhu ukubaleka esitratweni. Zama ukuba bemi izakhiwo kunye imithi kwindawo ekhuselekileyo evulekileyo.

kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga yaye ukuze uphile ngayo

Landela yonke imigqaliselo yokhuseleko enyikimeni. Ukuba ngaba kukho izithuthi zikawonke abaninzi, kungcono ukuba uzakuwushiya kwaye uthathe ifoto.

Nditsho ngokuba ilifti kubonisa ukuba le ndoda ilala phantsi. Ngoko ke, uyakwazi ukuzikhusela. Xa zonke izingxi, phuma kumgangatho wokuqala kwaye ndabaleka esitratweni. Ukuba iingcango zivaliwe, yaye uvakalelwa kukuba isakhiwo unenzondelelo intshabalalo ebonakalayo, linda ngenxa yokuphepha.

Ebudeni bokuhlala kwabo kwibala okanye kwindawo yokubonela ahlale endaweni kunye nesigqubuthelo entloko yakho ngezandla zakhe. Kule meko, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu ukufa ndawo imxinwa, ngoko musani ukuphakuzela uze uzame ukuqinisekisa abanye.

Ukuba uqhuba, yima imoto kwindawo ekhuselekileyo. Okulandelayo akufuneki ukuba izakhiwo, izithuba isibane kunye kwo. Emva koko, musa uphume, ahlale emotweni. Kungcono uvula irediyo uze umamele izindululo abasemagunyeni amanyathelo anokuthathwa.

Nganye ezisezidolophini ngumhlali zasemaphandleni kufuneka wazi imithetho yokhuseleko ngexesha inyikima. Ukuba ikhaya lakho ibekwe kufuphi nedama, ukuhamba umgama onokhuselo kulo. Xa kwindawo esezintabeni Qinisekisa ukuba kude kude ezindulini.

Umntu edakasa esinamavili, kufuneka ukuvala ivili lakhelwe, kungenjalo baya kuqalisa ukujija ngokwabo, yaye le meko olungalawulwayo kuya kukhokelela imiphumo ebuhlungu.

Ukugcina imithetho ngasentla ziya kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ubuninzi ngexesha neenyikima.

Yintoni aluvumelekanga?

Abantu abaninzi bafe ngenxa yezenzo engalunganga. Bona bengazi esichengeni ubomi engozini babo. Khumbula ukuba unako ukwenza yinyikima:

• musa ukuhamba ngapha kwisakhiwo uze uzame ukuba ukubaleka phandle esitratweni, xa uhlala phantsi phezulu;
• kuyo nayiphi na imeko, musa ukuma emasangweni;
• musani ukuphakuzela uze wenze ngaphandle idalwa.

Ezi zenzo Qiniseka ukuba bandiqumbise iimeko ezingalunganga eziya ezisongela ubomi bakho. Ngoku uyazi ukuba benze ntoni ngexesha inyikima nendlela engcono ukuqhuba.

inyathelo Key emva kwenyikima

Akusoloko ukukhusela abantu iinyikima kuphumelele imiphumo, badla abangcangcazelisi ntlekele kwaye ifuna ngeenxa umsebenzi iwashi abahlanguli. Iingcali kuthabatha abantu, baphuma phantsi livithi ukunika ukhathalelo lwezempilo olungxamisekileyo. Ukuba kufutshane wena uyakwazi ukuva abantu bethetha, kodwa aninako ukuhamba, qiniseka ukuba ukuthumela amayeyeye uphawu nzima.

Izithintelo lususiwe emva kokuhlangula yabemi. Ithengiseka oomatshini enzima, ngazo ukususwa kwezakhiwo ingqushu.

Ukuba intlekele akwenzeki, ukuba benze ntoni? Nabancedi bayacetyiswa ukuba baziphathe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Zama ukuba asukume nokuhlola onke amalungu omzimba, kungenzeka ukuba wothuka kabuhlungu.
• Khangela ngeenxa zonke, ufumanise ukuba ngecala lakho abantu abangakwaziyo ukufumana ukuya ngokwakho. Bancede ukuba uphume phantsi kwale moto.
• Mqinisekise abantwana yaye abagcine phambi, chaza ukuba abazali ziza kufumaneka kungekudala. Kufuneka ukuba bazibandakanye usana lwakho ngexesha ukuya kwengqondo kunye nezinye unonophelo olulodwa.
• Khangela ukuba lo evuza igesi yenzekile, kwaye nevumba encinane ushiye igumbi (zisenokuqhushumba).
• Musa ukuphaphazela kwaye ulungele umothuko wamva.

inyathelo siqinisekile kuphela wowusindisa umphefumlo wakho. Kufuneka sazi kakuhle ukuba benze ntoni ngexesha inyikima. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, vula kunomathotholo. Mamela ngenyameko ntoni ngexesha inyikima. Urhulumente inkonzo nokusindisa kwi ingozi encinane ngokuqhagamshelana nabantu. Ekuphela kwendlela ukuthintela omkhulu ukulahleka ebomini.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuba baziphathe kakuhle kwaye akwazi ukwehlisa abanye. Panic kwenza ngakumbi imeko. Kuphela isenzo oluyilwe kakuhle ukusindisa ubomi.

Komhlaba sigqugqisileyo kwimbali

• 1139 - ingozi seGanja. Bekukho amandla iingcangcazela e amanqaku 11. Ezingaphezulu kwama-200 amawaka abantu.
• 1202 - intlekele Natural eSiriya eYiputa. Yabulala abantu abamalunga 1 yezigidi. Ukunyikima obhalwe Guinness Book of Records njengoko wokutshabalalisa embalini.
• 1556 - amaxhoba yenyikima eTshayina abantu malunga 850 amawaka.
• 1737 - ngenxa yokutyhiliza olomeleleyo India ngokubulala abantu malunga 300 amawaka.
• 1883 - kuqhuma Krakatoa kuqulathe enye iinyikima zomhlaba ezinkulu kwimbali. Abafa abemi abangaphezu kwama-40 lamawaka kwiziqithi Java ne iSumatra.
• 1950 - Inyikima in India waba namandla kangangokuba izixhobo wenyikima off abasakhasayo nako ukumisela ubukhulu bezinto oscillation. Emva kweentsuku ezintlanu jolts eziqhubekayo mpuma Indiya in amanxuwa. Abafa amawaka 6. Abantu, okt. A. Akukho ukunyikima kwindawo enabantu abaninzi.
• 1995 - UJohn e amanqaku 10 wathabatha ubomi amawaka amaninzi Iwabemi Sakhalin. City Neftegorsk yanyamalala ebusweni Yomhlaba.
• 2010 - kwaduma eHaiti. Abafa abantu 150 amawaka.
• 2011 - inyikima eyoyikekayo yaseJapan wabangela ukuba tsunami, ukuvuza elikhulu labantu abamalunga nama-30 lamawaka kwimitha kunye nokufa.