Khona umoya ibhanti zemvula. Ummandla sezulu sentshinyela: iimpawu

Ummandla ngundoqo planethi got igama layo ngenxa yendawo alo kumacala omabini-ikhweyitha evela izidanga 5-8 emantla ukuya 11.4 degrees inkululeko emzantsi.

ihlobo engunaphakade

Limited ibhanti subequatorial sentshinyela liqulethe iingingqi ezintathu:

• Ilizwekazi Umzantsi Melika: emathafeni Amazon;
• Mpumalanga Africa: mvula; Gulf of Guinea;
• Icandelo le- Greater Sunda Islands kwaye ekufutshane kubo amanzi.

Equatorial ezinezinga ezibandakanya amacandelo omabini, iindawo zombini iindawo zehlabathi, kunye neemeko zemozulu ezifanayo kwi Northern kunye zifaka Southern.

Imfundo babesuke khona umoya

Isixa ubushushu ukuba ilanga kwenza kumphezulu womhlaba - omnye wemiba ephambili eziphembelela imozulu nayiphi na indawo on Earth. The degree of ukuzifudumeza kumphezulu umhlaba kuxhomekeke kwi-engile apho Uwa imitha yelanga. Ukusondela-ikhweyitha, kokukhona umphezulu Ukufudumala komhlaba, nokunyusa lobushushu komhlaba.

Ngomhla kummandla kwelanga izowuni sentshinyela-engile lweziganeko yeyona iphezulu, ngoko ke komndilili weqondo lobushushu umoya yonyaka kwimimandla ethandwa ye ibhanti lo degrees 26, kunye iyantlukwano engephi. khona umoya we sentshinyela zone, eshushu, Vuka kwaye kubekho intshukumo phezulu umsebe moya.

Zomphezulu koMhlaba luqokelelane ngaphandle kommandla xi eliphantsi - zokudakumba zemvula. Umoya itshiswa ufumile ndivuka lithe isinyibiliko lupholisiwe apho. Ngenxa ukuguquka thermal uza Ukuba kwisininzi amafu Cumulus, imvula ngohlobo imvula.

Senziwe kwindawo uxinzelelo khona umoya ibhanti sentshinyela kusoloko lobushushu eliphezulu. Ukufuma kule ndawo nawo unyukile.

Le zone sezulu owahlukileyo zemvula. Iimpawu khona umoya usoloko efanayo. Ekubeni akhiwa kummandla womoya ephantsi ngaphezu umhlaba nolwandle, izazinzulu musa uzahlule iintlobo zeHPV zingonobangela lwemozulu zaselwandle kunye nezelizwekazi.

Amanqaku khona umoya

Ezikhoyo khona umoya ngohlobo ibhanti sentshinyela sentshinyela uhlobo imozulu, nto leyo zibandakanya:

• rhoqo izinga eliphezulu 24 ⁰ C 28 ⁰ C, kunye iyantlukwano engephi kwisithuba sonyaka omnye umahluko ka 2-3 ⁰ C. Utshintsho onyaka azithathelwa ngqalelo, unyaka ehlotyeni ngeenxa ukulawule. Iqondo avareji kwi ibhanti sentshinyela ayitshintshi kulo nyaka.
• Intabalala imvula kunye iincopho ezimbini kwemvula ehambelana lokugcina indawo kwelanga, yaye ubuncinane ezimbini ngenjikalanga. Iimvula, kodwa edyokhweni.
• imvula uncuma ibhanti sentshinyela, yaye inani labo, ukuwa-phantsi ukulungiselela unyaka eyahlukileyo kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo ibhanti zemvula.

A sezulu eqhelekileyo sentshinyela kukuba eziziimpawu Amazon Western kunye Congo Basin. In the Congo isitya ubungakanani komoya yonyaka ka-1200-1500 mm kwezinye iindawo 2000 mm ngonyaka. Ummandla Amazon inkulu kakhulu somfula Congo, izihlwele umoya akhiwa ibhanti olukhulu zemvula. Ubungakanani yonyaka imvula ifikelela 2000-3000 mm. Oku amaxesha amaninzi ngaphezu umlinganiselo wonyaka.

Ummandla sezulu sentshinyela: iimpawu lwemozulu

Kuba inxenye yasentshona Andes kunye nonxweme kumantla Guinea luphawulwa ukulahleka imvula kakhulu kuninzi, inani lingaba ngaphezu 5,000 mm ngonyaka ngamnye kwezinye iindawo, ukuya kunyaka ngamnye 10,000 mm. On yentabalala imvula kuchaphazela counter-phakathi strong Equatorial yangoku North noMzantsi. Kule mimandla, sho ubuninzi ehlotyeni kwezulu.

imvula uncuma ibhanti sentshinyela ngamaxesha utshintshatshintsha kakhulu. Ixesha lokwaphusa okanye azikho kwa-ukubakho, okanye sihlala iinyanga enye ukuya kwezimbini. Umahluko omkhulu kwimali imvula ehlotyeni nasebusika kule mimandla ngenxa owomileyo yaye enothuli West Afrika kubakho umoya yorhwebo. Ukususela ekupheleni Novemba ukuya ekuqaleni kuMatshi ubuye ukusuka yeSahara ukuya Gulf of Guinea.

Equatorial ibhanti: imimoya ukuba isimo sezulu

Intaphane imvula inxulumene ngqo kummandla theory imimoya zorhwebo intratropical kuyo, apho Ukuhlanganiswa nomoya waphawula. zone theory oluya ecaleni ikhweyitha, ingqamana izowuni womoya ephantsi uninzi unyaka kumntla ikhweyitha. Kwamaxesha ezenzeka zone theory offset zihamba kunye utshintsho, i ebonakalayo kakhulu kwi Indian Ocean.

Apha imimoya zorhwebo ukunika indlela eya zemvula. umoya uqinise, ngokuxhomekeke lonyaka, ukutshintsha indlela yabo. amandla omoya nga zinokwahluka: ukusuka ababuthathaka ukuba babe uqhwithela. Kule ndawo, uMenzi uninzi zonke ziinkanyamba. ezinezinga Tropical luphawulwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu womoya.

imimoya Trade and nemvula

Zakha imijelo umoya, leyo sukela waya kummandla xi eliphantsi --ikhweyitha. Ngenxa njengokujikeleza Umhlaba ukutshintshisa kumntla imimoya kufuphi neikhweyitha kuthatha kwicala langasentla kunye misebenzi-kumzantsi mpuma - South. Lokuhlangana, zakha ezolile - moya elonwabisayo. imimoya Trade - umoya kakuhle flow ukuvuthela ecaleni ikhweyitha unyaka wonke, ukuba umoya iyizinzise kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu.

Ngenxa yoko, kwezulu iphezulu iwela kwindawo sentshinyela emva kweentsuku nobusuku. A ukuncipha imvula waphawula emva kwimihla ngenjikalanga. Ngaphezu kumphezulu womhlaba afudunyezwe lilanga, benza izithungu amafu. Ngokuqhelekileyo emva kwemini ukuya iimvula ezinkulu sikhatshwe yi izulu. Phezu zaselwandle iishawa kunye iindudumo ebusuku, lo ke umahluko phakathi imozulu lwaselwandle yezwekazi.

Umbilo iwela kakhulu kangangokuba ukufuma ixesha lokuba ngumphunga. Le ukufuma isihlobo igcinwa kwi 80-95%. Kwemfuneko umhlaba ukufuma kumgxobhozo, nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwihlathi multi-tiered luluqilima. Ngaphezu umanzi zamahlathi sentshinyela ezinezinga rhoqo ukuvuthela zemvula entshona ehlotyeni nasebusika - ngasempumalanga, Afrika, Guinea zemvula kunye elingenazo Indonesia.