Khodynka ntlekele: inkcazelo, imbali, oonobangela, amaxhoba kunye neziphumo

Kabuhlungu khodynka ntlekele yenzeke May 18, 1896 kuhlobo endala. A isihlwele esikhulu babehlanganisene ngaphandle eMoscow ukuze ibekwa loMlawuli Nicholas II. Le isiphithiphithi yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-1,300.

Ngomhla olwandulela ntlekele

Ngenxa yesithethe, sisiganeko esahlukileyo njengoko ibekwa sakhatshwa a imikhosi abaninzi. Ngaphezu koko, le misebenzi ezingaqukwanga kwi umda ngokusesikweni. kanye ibekwa of uNicholas Alexandrovich kwenzeke ngomhla we-14 Meyi, emva koko abasemagunyeni kwilizwe lonke ifilimu kunye izipho yeeholide ngabantu abaqhelekileyo. Yiloo nto eyabangela ukuba izihlwele enkulu. Amarhe ukuba Ice Palace aya kuthathela kude izipho ezityiwayo, waya ngokukhawuleza phesheya eMoscow. Ngowe-1896 le ndawo yaba kummandla ongaphandle kwesixeko. Intsimi libanzi ngeenxa zombini, ngoko kwagqitywa ukubamba kwimibhiyozo apha. Ukongeza, kwacetywa ukuba umlawuli ngokwakhe tyelela isiganeko - ukumamela ekonsathini, apho ukunika okhestra.

eyo mass

Le mibhiyozo kwakufanele iqale ngo-10 kusasa. Kodwa ekuseni kwindawo yaba elipheleleyo labantu malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi. Khodynka ntlekele waqala ngexesha apho phakathi sihlwele kwakukho rumor izipho sele baqalisa ukuba asasaze kwangaphambili, kodwa ngenxa yenani elikhulu labantu, baya kwanela konke konke.

Ngayo banikwa ngendlela ngokukhethekileyo bakha zombukiso ngamaplanga. Kulapha wabaleka abantu uphambene. Distributors Yamgibisela ukutya sihlwele, ukuba akazi kufika kufutshane nobuhlanti ezinokuba zimoyise. Nangona kunjalo, oku wongezelela kuphela isiphithiphithi. Phakathi abantu baqala ukulwa izipho. kuqala wavela batyumke. Ngokukhawuleza ukusasaza yokothuka, ukuba maxongo kuphela meko.

indlela urhulumente

Kwi le ntlekele waxelela umlawuli nomalume wakhe Sergei Alexandrovich. Kwisithuba seeyure ezimbalwa endle yacocwa yonke imiqondiso idrama yakutshanje. Khodynka intlekele ayikatshintshi na izicwangciso nguzwilakhe. Yena kuqala watyelela ikonsathi okucwangcisiweyo, waza ke waya incwadi yesicelo, apho kwaqhutywa ibhola, apho yazinyaswa ngabo bonke basebukhosini Moscow, kwakunye njengabathunywa. Ezinye Nicholas eyiyona bayacetyiswa ukuba aquqe ukudanisa ubunokwazi ukubonisa intlungu yabo abafileyo wayilimaza. Noko ke, ayizange itshintshe izicwangciso zakhe. Mhlawumbi oku kwenziwa ngokuba ukumkani akazange afune ukucaphukisa unozakuzaku French, nto kuyo ibhola. Konke oku ebhalwe kwidayari umbusi.

Sergei Witte (umlungiseleli ngemali), owayekho kule Ice Palace ngaloo mini sibi, washiya kwimbali yobomi, nto leyo ke kwabelwana ngayo umfundi uluvo lwakhe ngento eyenzekileyo. Amagosa bakholelwa ukuba isihlwele kwi Khodynka, oonobangela eyayibandakanya umbutho abaziintsizana siganeko, kakubi wenza phezu koMlawuli, babewajongela 'ogulayo ". Witte wabhala ukuba, mhlawumbi xa ukumkani siphenjelelwa ngumalume wakhe Sergei (Grand Duke), wacebisa ukuba uyigcine yonke into njengoko ibiya. Yena umlawuli, ngokutsho umphathiswa, ngokuqinisekileyo waba kwinkonzo yangecawa kule ndawo. Kodwa Nicholas bekusoloko zizakubalulwa nazigqibo kwaye ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi nezalamane zabo.

Kunjalo, 19 no-20 ka yena nomfazi wakhe malume batyelela kwisibhedlele eMoscow, apho ababuleweyo bagcinwa. unina kakumkani, Maria Feodorovna, banikela imali yakhe yewaka ezimbalwa baya kwiyeza. Le mini sibini asebukhosini. Abangama-90 amawaka engange ezazabelwe. Imizalwane oswelekileyo baye babelwa pension zobuqu.

umngcwabo

Inani elikhulu zabafileyo ayikwazanga ezichongiweyo. Zonke ezi Izidumbu wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni Vagankovsky engcwabeni abaninzi. Lomhleli Illarion ivanov-ukuqhela yenzelwe isikhumbuzo sakhe. Yena wasinda imihla yethu, oko anokubonwa kwi emangcwabeni Vagankovsky.

Elilawulayo, nto leyo bakwazi ukuqaphela izalamane zakhe. I noMlawuli wayalela ukuba yokwaba imali zomngcwabo.

uphenyo

Uxanduva ngenxa yesehlo wanikwa amapolisa, ngubani ngendlela hayi enesidima ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko indawo enkulu efana Khodynka. Crush abantu kukhokelele yokurhoxa Aleksandra Vlasovskogo. Wayalela-arhente zokunyanzelisa umthetho esixekweni. Eyokuqala lokuzithethelela wathi umbutho emthendelekweni, iyinto eyazala sihlwele e Khodynka May 18, 1896, benza ulungiselelo eyadini.

Amagosa ngesakhiwo ukweyisela abaphandi ukuba babeza kuphendula ukuze amapolisa kwi lo mcimbi, kodwa ngokwenene wakhokela ukwabiwa izipho. Count Vorontsov-Dashkov, lowo umlungiseleli eyadini, yena wamkhokela ngexesha Alexander III kunye noMlawuli wafumanisa ukuba umzobo entsha Untouchable. Wamela namadoda akhe ukuhlasela oberpolitsmeystera Vlasov. Ngelo xesha linye i-Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich (ngaphambili ke irhuluneli eMoscow) yaba umxhasi lonke amandla ngamapolisa esixeko.

Olu ngquzulwano kuye kwabachaphazela kubudlelwane amagosa aphezulu, ukwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini. Esinye isiqingatha sixhaswa yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa kweyadi, omnye - amapolisa. Abaninzi abaqiniseki, engazi nto leyo icala aya kuba umlawuli ngokwakhe. Ekugqibeleni, bonke uzimisele ukukholisa ukumkani. Akakho umntu onomdla imibingelelo Khodynka 1896.

Nicholas II wathuma sophando kuMphathiswa wezoBulungisa uNikolay Muravyov. Wafumana umsebenzi phantsi ukusekelwa Sergei Alexandrovich, ngoko ke inkundla yagqiba yonke into eyayiza kuba Count netyala Vorontsov-Dashkov. Kodwa ke interjected Maria Feodorovna (unina umlawuli). Ubukhulu becala ngenxa impembelelo yophando yalo ukushiyela Constantine Pahlen (kwakhona nowayesakuba nguMphathiswa wezobuLungisa).

Yena yayidume ingxelo yakhe ukuba iindawo apho wakhokela iindwalutho grand, soloko zithe saa khona. Loo sikhundla ngaye amaninzi Romanovs. Noko ke, yena phantsi kogcino uKumkanikazi-unina. uphando wakhe uye wenza oberpolitsmeystera unetyala Vlasov.

Kubonakala inkcubeko

okuthanda kabuhlungu Khodynka endle kubangele Ndothuka lonke uluntu Russia. Esi siganeko ezoyikekayo washiya amagosa iinkumbulo ezininzi, umzekelo Sergey Vitte. Leo Tolstoy, babemangalisiwe koko kwenzekileyo wabhala, ibali elifutshane "Khodynka", nto leyo sitsala umfanekiso ukwesaba kwabantu ngexesha bebulawa. Esiye Gorky wasebenzisa ibali inoveli yakhe "Life of Klim Samghin."