Izihlunu lomzimba umntu asezantsi: isakhiwo, umsebenzi

nemilenze (imilenze) bathwele umthwalo omkhulu ngokwaneleyo. umsebenzi wabo kukuqinisekisa intshukumo kunye nenkxaso. Izihlunu kweqondo ntsi iindawo kwendlela ezakhiwe ngayo eza ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha kweli nqaku ingqalelo kakhulu onamandla onke. Okulandelayo, cinga izihlunu imilenze ngakumbi.

Overview

Izihlunu uphuhliso lwabantu umlenze olusezantsi kuhle kakhulu. Balungisa le flexion, ukwandiswa, adduction, ukuthwala umlenze kwi kwedolo nyonga, intshukumo neminwe nasezinyaweni. nemilenze abandakanya amaqela amabini kwezihlunu. Eyokuqala isinqe ifayibha. Iqela lesibini iqulathe izihlunu eziphelweni asezantsi bakhululekile. Musculature le ndawo zangasese okunene iqala evela isinqe, omqolo empontshwa kunye indawo sacrum. Imicu kwakhona zigxunyekwe yifemur. Iinjongo izihlunu yomlenze yinxalenye emboniselweni umzimba kwindawo nkqo, ukwandiswa / flexion welungu ihleza kwaye uququzelelo lweentshukumo kwethanga. Izihlunu akhulule ziqwempu lomzimba asezantsi ziquka inyonga, unyawo kunye umzantsi womlenze.

imisipha hip

Izihlunu kweqondo asezantsi umntu kule ndawo bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amathathu. Ngenxa yoko, sobuKristu ekwanti, ngomva kunye medial. I yangaphambili ziquka ukugoba, le yesibini - le extensors. Iqela lesithathu kuquka izihlunu, nto leyo nomlenze umlenze. Nge mass ezibalulekileyo ubude izihlunu nemilenze babantu ukuphuhlisa amandla amakhulu. umsebenzi wabo kudlulela kwedolo hip amalungu. imisipha ithanga ukwenza imisebenzi obuluqilima kunye static ngelixa ehamba kunye imile. Njengoko kwakunye iinxalenye isinqe, imicu ukufikelela iphezulu yabo yophuhliso ngokunxulumene ubuchule nkqo.

Izihlunu nemilenze: i nokwakheka. Phambi Iqela kwezihlunu ethangeni

Oku kuquka sartorius. Imicu luzakuqala ukusuka akudala awongamileyo ithambo iliac. Ingxenye ehlangana umphezulu femoral medial, obliquely phantsi. Isiza wokuthimba - le tuberosity le lesiquluba kunye ifascia le umzantsi womlenze. Kweli nqanaba, imicu benza aponeurosis. Kwisayithi sothimbo ihlanganiswa izinto ezifanayo semitendinosus kunye gracilis, ukwakha ipleyiti ezinezikhondo yonxantathu - "unyawo goose". Ngaphantsi oko ebhegini yakhe. Le isihlunu le kwemilenze olusezantsi ukujika ethangeni yangaphandle, ukugoba yakhe, wamzisa emlenzeni.

ifayibha quadriceps

Bakha izihlunu olomeleleyo enkulu. Oku azakubalulwa enobunzima enkulu. Quadriceps ibandakanya ngezigaba ezine: phakathi, medial, osecaleni ngqo. Phantse zonke emacala imicu ezikufutshane yifemur. Eyesithathu distal lasentloko 4 ifom enye imicu. It encamathele tubercle tibial, kungqameko cala phezulu patella.

ifayibha ngqo

Bona akhiwa nangengalo ukususela phambi kumazantsi ilium. Phakathi imicu kunye ithambo Bursa. Umsipha ibaleka phantsi phambi welungu kasikrobana. Emva koko kuza kumphezulu phakathi kwicandelo kwaye eyenzelwe lata nefayibha ifascia. Ngenxa yoko, kufuneka ume phambi kwe izihlunu ebanzi esiphakathi. Igcina ingxenye imicu. Oku zigxunyekwe kwisiseko patella. Rectus Isakhiwo ezahlukeneyo feathery.

ingxenye lateral

Oku ebanzi izihlunu ethangeni iya kuqwalaselwa kunazo zonke ezine. Iqala ukusuka kumgca intertrochanteric, tuberosity gluteal, trochanter enkulu, inxalenye engentla umgca rough yifemur, ekudibaneni lateral. Imicu iyalungiswa ukuba imicu rectus izihlunu lomzimba ephantsi, tubercle tibial, ummandla superolateral patella. Inxalenye imicu kunabela izithungu zixhasa lungu lateral.

Ingxenye medial

Le umsipha ebanzi ngokwaneleyo na isiqalo olubanzi. Sisimka ukusuka kwisiqingatha ezantsi intertrochanteric, imilebe medial umgca erhabaxa, kwakunye ekudibaneni medial femoral. Imisonto iyalungiswa ekupheleni esisemantla esisekweni patella kunye icala phambi condyle medial kwi lesiquluba. Abayila eli imicu imisipha libandakanyeka ekubunjweni yokuxhasa patellar lungu medial.

imicu eziphakathi

Bakha umsipha ebanzi eziqala ukusuka eliphezulu ezimbini kwezintathu macala osecaleni phambi amathambo nomlenze umzimba, ukusuka ezantsi imilebe osecaleni imigca rough ukusuka ethangeni osecaleni zekhala intermuscular. Apha kuqhotyoshelwe esisekweni imisipha patella kunye a vastus ngqo, osecaleni medial inxaxheba lokusekwa imicu oqhelekileyo ezi femoris quadriceps.

musculature le umzantsi womlenze

Yena, njengezinye izihlunu mlenze umbhinqo asezantsi, yenziwe kakuhle. Oku kungenxa yemisebenzi lenza. Ezi izihlunu nemilenze ezinxulumene onamandla, eme ndawonye bipedal ukuhamba. Ifayibha kabanzi ukuqala fascias, umnqongo amathambo. zokunciphisa lwabo esingathe intshukumo ye amaqatha nedolo amalungu. Nemisipha yesiqephu ephantsi kweli candelo kumaqela osecaleni, ngaphambili nangesemva. Le yokugqibela ziquka longus flexor digitorum: elibanzi nakwabanye, popliteal, kunye soleus amacandelo sural. Kwakhona phakathi kweli qela ekhoyo ngomva tibial kwezihlunu. SobuKristu ukukhulula extensor digitorum longus: ezinkulu kunye nabanye. Kananjalo apha tibialis apho umsipha sobuKristu. Eli candelo lateral ayikhuphi ziqwempu peroneal elide ezimfutshane kunye.

Iqela diff

Musculature kwekhadi enza maleko enzulu ezingekhoyo. Enkulu kwaphawulwa esihlunwini esineendidi. Isebenza yokuzenzisa futhi yakha ubungqukuva uphawu le umzantsi womlenze. maleko Deep ukwakha popliteal encinane kunye nezihlunu ezintathu ubude: umnwe ukugoba: ezinkulu kunye nabanye, kwakunye tibial ngomva. Bona bahlukane ukusuka lesiquluba plate ifascia soleus ingxenye.

iqela lateral

It abunjwe izihlunu peroneal le nemilenze: elifutshane elide. Balala kwicala zisecaleni lesiquluba. Ezi izihlunu aphakathi ekudibaneni intermuscular (ngaphambili nangesemva) phantsi ifascia.

musculature yonyawo

Kunye uvala emathanjeni ngu ziqwempu imisipha lesiquluba ezivela kumaqela osecaleni, ngaphambili nangasemva, inxalenye esezantsi imilenze zabo okuzenzela (short). Bayacelwa isiqalo site uthimbo ukwakweli amathambo unyawo. izihlunu Mfutshane sibe nolwalamano ezintsonkothileyo yokwakheka-functional, kwaye ubume bendalo kunye imisipha lesiquluba kwezihlunu, apho izihlalo itshixa nazo zibekwe kwi amathambo emlenzeni.

Musculature yomphantsi yonyawo

Le ndawo medial ekwanti (kwi nakubhontsi), osisi (kummandla ngomnwe elincinane) nasesekondari (intermediate) amaqela kwezihlunu. Ematheni uqhekeko lokuqala nolo lukwizinga lesibini, njengoko kuchasene nabo icala, ibeka inani elincinane imicu. I-avareji izihlunu unyawo ziyaqiniswa. Ngokubanzi, sibekho imicu isiseko 14 elifutshane. ziqwempu ezintathu band medial 2 bokwakha lateral. Njengenxalenye yale ndawo iphakathi esihlunwini 13: intercostals 7 no-4 mpethu-like, kwakunye isikwere kunye flexor elifutshane. Ukugcinwa isishwankathelo inenxaxheba ebalulekileyo efanele ukuyithatha, hayi kuphela izihlunu yonyawo ngokwayo; kodwa ke umzantsi womlenze. Ngenxa yoko, le lombane izixhobo ligamentous yehliswe kakhulu.

Imisele nemisele

Ba luvo, kunye neempahla yegazi enkulu imilenze. Inxalenye femoral ukuba zibekwe phakathi medial kunye cipande namaqela kummandla idolo joint - kule fossa popliteal, kuba nakuphumla intende - phakathi embindini kunye osecaleni medial phakathi avareji, emlenzeni - phakathi kumphezulu ngasemva izihlunu.

izihlunu zangasese le nemilenze: itafile

Le ndawo sele zilapho phantse ukugogeka kunye emqolo sacral. Kulo mba, izihlunu, asimise siyahamba, akukho. Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi welungu inyonga umqolo ukulawula ezi izihlunu nemilenze woMntu. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ishwankathela lonke ulwazi.

Buhlungu emilenzeni

Efakwe kwi kwizihlunu nazo ngenxa ezimbi ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka, ingakumbi, ziquka:

• izifo yomqolo (sciatica kunye sciatica, neuritis kunye neuralgia).
• Pathology amathambo, nemisipha kunye namalungu (arthrosis, samathambo, bursitis, ifascia plantar, tendonitis, iinyawo tyaba, kwizaphuko, nangezilonda).
• umonakalo Direct imisipha (nemisipha neqwengiweyo, myositis, udinwe, amahlaba, lidiniwe ubunzima).
• Yokuphazamiseka kwiinkqubo pathways kunye izihlunu lwezidumbu (cellulite, ukutyeba, njalo njalo).

Xa paratenonitah mioentezitah kwaye kukho buhlungu izihlunu okuwisa umlinganiswa. Bathi ngenxa izilonda ukudumba neerhali nomlenze lungu kuvuka. Unobangela sifo na overexertion izihlunu ngokuchasene nemvelaphi leenzingo. Izifo kunye ukubunjwa microtraumas izihlunu kunye nemisipha. Njengoko izinto ezongezelelweyo umngcipheko bethanda supercooling, ezimbi chronic fatigue jikelele.

Ekuphetheni

Njengoko usazi, izihlunu othatha inxaxheba umthombo wegazi ngenxa yegazi. Ngexesha kwemisipha uqeqesho isebenza kwaye ngaxeshanye ukunyuka kobunzima engabalulekanga. It ikuvumela ukuba athwale imithwalo enzima. Xa inkqubo umsebenzi dystrophy emzimbeni ukuma iikhompawundi linengxubevange esebenzayo - endorphin. Baya kuba negalelo kukhubazeko nokulungiswa ancedisana amalungu kwiintlobo ngeentlobo iimpembelelo ezingalunganga kwaye zivuse kugqajukelwa amandla kunye namandla. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi umthambo kukho inkqubo wokhuselo imizimba inkanuko. Kulo mba, iingcali bacebisa umthambo rhoqo, umthambo, yenza umthambo zemithambo, uhamba. Le misebenzi ibaluleke ngokukodwa abantu abadala. Xa usebenzisa ebuntwaneni Obumbe ukuma echanekileyo, ngokomlinganiselo skeleton asakhasayo kunye musculature.