Indlela ukunikela igazi? Yintoni ekufuneka ukunikela igazi? Ngubani na unikele ngegazi?

Sokuba ukunikela igazi mpikiswano eziyingozi engaphele ndawo sele ehamba iminyaka emininzi. Kungenxa yoko le nto kweli nqaku siza phambi kwakho impendulo ephangaleleyo lo mbuzo. Ukongeza, uya kufunda indlela ukunikela igazi, yintoni na efunekayo aba bantu kwaye oko kuxabisa malini.

ulwazi jikelele

Igama elithi "umnikelo" livela kwisiLatini «donare», bona bubonakala "ukunika". Kwaye, eneneni, le blood donation ngokuzithandela ukuba igazi. Ukongeza, kota loo kuquka onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko, ezo ezijoliswe ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko kunye nokucwangciswa izinto workpiece. Igazi oluthatyathwe mali isetyenziselwa iinjongo zokufundisa kunye nophando, ngexesha wokwenziwa kwezixhobo zonyango kunye neziyobisi, njl

Indlela ukunikela igazi?

Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule lo mbuzo, kufuneka ukuba siqwalasele ukuba yintoni kanye ebangela nga kuphazamisa ivolontiya ukunikela. Ngapha koko, nangona wamema izinto ukuba afumane izinto yokuqokelela igazi ngokupheleleyo wonke umntu, asinguye wonk 'umntu unako ukwenza lo msebenzi.

Ngoko ke, ngubani na unikele ngegazi? Phakathi izizathu ezinokuba umviwa akakwazi yakulahlwa, ukuba ijolise kuphela ekukhuseleni impilo komamkeli, kodwa lo mali. Kungenxa yoko le nto loo ukuvalwa kufuneka zithathwe ngenkathalo.

Igazi: Izimo

Izimo Jikelele ukunikela ngegazi zezi nguqu-nguqu:

• isifo sengqondo;
• ukubona (diopters ngaphezulu kwe-6);
• hypotension (ineqondo eliphantsi okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi);
• lwegazi (high blood pressure);
• nokukhutshwa (iintsuku 9-15 phambi inkqubo);
• imigomo wenza iintsuku 10-30 phambi inkqubo (kuxhomekeka iintlobo, kuyimfuneko ukuba acacise embindini umnikelo).

Ngubani akakwazi ukunikela igazi, ukongeza kwezi ndidi zingentla? Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukongeza Izimo jikelele, kukho kwakhona ezithile. Njengomgaqo, baya kuphela abameli sex ngokuncipha. Umzekelo, abasetyhini kunye namantombazana Akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba unikele ngegazi:

• Ngexesha lonke lokukhulelwa. Nika ingqalelo eyodwa ukuba ukukhulelwa yinto contraindication ecacileyo ngqo ukulungiselela ukunikela ngegazi. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka silumke kakhulu.
• Ngexesha nyanga, kwakunye iintsuku ezi-5 emva.
• Ngexesha lokuncancisa.
• ngonyaka omnye emva ekhulelwe naxa ezala.
• Kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuphela zisanyisa.

Ukongeza, kukho ezinye contraindication le nkqubo. Phezu kwabo kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kwicandelo elilandelayo.

Ngubani na ukunikela?

Kuba igazi lomnikelo kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufanele zingavunyelwa ngabantu ezi zifo zilandelayo kunye namava zophendlo lwezifo kuxhomekeke:

• HIV kunye wasola ngexesha;
• hepatitis viral orhanelwa ngexesha;
• negazi kakhulu;
• nasimilo;
• obufanayo;
• ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi efakwa (ngaphandle iimeko esibhedlele);
• mkhuba neziyobisi kunye butywala.

Izimo thaca ezisisigxina. Kodwa ngaphandle koko, kukho kwakhona imali yexeshana. Ezi zizathu zibandakanya:

• ixesha postoperative (malunga 12 iinyanga);
• emva izigulo ezingephi (SARS, ORZ) - 1 inyanga;
• emva kokufaka analgesics - 2 iiveki;
• emva kokuba isicelo amachiza zintsholongwane - 2 iiveki;
• emva imivambo okanye njengokuhlaba Umzimba - malunga 6-12 kweenyanga (ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile Igazi Centre).

ukhetho amathuba

Ngubani na ukunikela igazi? Kweli candelo, izinto ezincinane kakhulu. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba abantu kuphela ekhethiweyo babe abaxhasi.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna ukuba ivolontiya kwaye ngegazi, kumele:

• Yiba ubunzima ezaneleyo (kg kwama-50). Kulo mzekelo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ndingazange ndincame mncane yakho ngokugqithisileyo emehlweni.
• Feel Excellent yaye ube sempilweni.
• Yiba omdala. Kodwa ke amaxesha amaninzi akavumelekanga ukuba banikele abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.
• Yisa nazo naziphi na ikhadi yesazisi (ID lomkhosi, ipasipoti, njalo njalo).
• Yiba imvume yokuhlala yasekuhlaleni (oku kufuneka ukuba onke amaziko blood donation).

Ekubeni kujongwana nabo na ukunikela igazi, yiya kwinyathelo elilandelayo, okanye mandithi, ukuya inkcazelo nkqubo ngokwayo.

iinkqubo lokuqala

Indlela ukunikela igazi? Xa ivolontiya ugqibe ukuya kunikezela imathiriyeli embindini umnikelo, kufuneka aye ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo eziliqela.

Ngoko ke, oko kufuneka ukunikela igazi?

• Gcwalisa ifomu. Ukufika kwiziko umnikelo, nceda qhagamshelana kwidesika, apho ufuna ukunika iphepha lemibuzo eliqulethe imibuzo elula kakhulu kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Ludla bajongane sisigulo, ukungabi nasimilo, ukuba likhoboka kweziyobisi, kwakunye nolunye ulwazi lobuqu. Gcwalisa le fomu kufuneka ngokunyanisekileyo ngokuphandle. Ngapha koko, kukho lo umyalelo Russian Federation "Umnikelo igazi kwanangamacandelo alo ezinkulu," nto leyo ithi ukuba ngummi, bayasigqwetha ulwazi malunga nemeko yabo nempilo ngabom amabhere nokufihla uxanduva yakhe ngokupheleleyo esekwe yi-mthetho, ukuba la manyathelo ziye zabangela (okanye abangele ) disorder ebonakalayo lezempilo yomamkeli. Hi ndlela leyi, ngamanye amazwe ze data ababuxoki ebekwe ityala nokuba mthetho. Kufuneka ke ngoko kube lula ukuthatha nzulu le nkqubo. Ngapha koko, nkqu utshintsho olungephi kunokubangela iingxaki kakhulu kumntu oceba aliphalaze igazi lakho.
• Bangenele axilongwe. Phambi kokuba udlule uhlolo, nguye umviwa ngokuyimfuneko ukuthatha imali encinci yegazi ngomnwe. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze kumiselwe i-RH kunye uhlobo lwegazi, kwakunye jonga kwi yintoni kanye ngumphakamo mpilo kubalizi. Emva koku, iziphumo zovavanyo ukuya therapist, kwaye kufuneka kutyelelwa yi ntliziyo. Xa ugqirha u ozhidaeyut izinga lentliziyo womlinganiselo kunye noxinzelelo, kwakunye imibuzo embalwa ngokuphathelele ikhweshine ezaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Okulandelayo, umviwa uyamenywa ukuba asayine isivumelwano, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba uyayiqonda yonke imibuzo ngokuchanekileyo wabaphendula, yaye uyavuma ngokupheleleyo ukunikela ngegazi ngokuzithandela nangenxa igazi ngumamkeli wawo.

Ukuba zonke iinkqubo eziyimfuneko abagqibe ngempumelelo, lowo wayingcwalisayo uthe uthunyelwa kwigumbi ezizodwa, apho kukho inani lemisebenzi ukukhiwa igazi.

Ukuqokelela igazi kungenzeki?

Kuxhomekeka embindini ukutofelwa igazi, umnikelo unako ukunikela uzinikele zayo ekuhlaleni, elele phantsi bulala isikhundla. Ukuba mafikizolo, ngoko, mhlawumbi, uya kucelwa ukuba kulala phantsi phezu kwesingqengqelo. Kungenxa kule ndawo, umntu okuba ukuba umkhuhlane kunye nesiyezi kakhulu. Emva koko kubasebenzi bamaziko occluded ingalo ngumnikeli ngaphezu engqinibeni, yaye emva koko decontaminated ngokusebenzisa uboya inxalenye ethile kunye notywala kunye inaliti okuhlatywa okhethekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, imizuzu 5-12, igazi iqokelelwa engxoweni yeplastiki malunga 450 ml umthamo. Ekupheleni kwale rubber tube zibambene, kunye inaliti liyasuswa Kwangale. abasebenzi Further likhanyelwe iintsalela igazi ukusuka kwinkqubo ibe ityhubhu yovavanyo (malunga ml 20) buhlolwe ngokubanzi. Emva koko, lo vein uvaliwe kunye yomqhaphu kunye utywala kakhulu tight bandage bandage. Le ngebhandishi akukhuthazwa ukuba ukuthatha iiyure 2-4.

Indlela ukulungiselela ukunikela ngegazi?

Ngoku uyazi indlela abe exhasanayo igazi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba nkqubo, iingcali bacebisa le migaqo ilandelayo:

• musa ukusela utywala xa iintsuku ezi-2 phambi umnikelo;
• Musa ukutshaya iiyure ezi-2 phambi kokuba igazi;
• Musa ukuthatha aspirin, analgesics, kunye namanye amachiza enamandla iintsuku 3-5 phambi ukunikela ngegazi.

Ukongeza, qiniseka ukuba nidle isidlo ngomhla donation igazi, ukuba imizuzu emi-5-10 ukuba kwenzakalani apho iphuma khona ukuba usele iglasi yamanzi okanye iziqhamo compote.

Yintoni akuvumelekanga ukutya phambi ukunikela ngegazi?

exhasanayo ingasetyenziswa kwiintsuku ezimbini ngaphambi kosuku:

• naziphi na iziqhamo, imifuno;
• isiselo iziqhamo, juice, juice, amanzi izimbiwa ngaphandle igesi, iti elithozamisayo;
• jam, jam;
• isonka, amaqebengwana, cookies;
• okuziinkozo abilayo zilungiselelwe ngamanzi ngaphandle ukongeza amafutha, ibhotolo, nobisi;
• bila okanye fish umphunga.

Yintoni na ukuba adle ngaphambi ukunikela ngegazi?

Kwiintsuku ezimbini phambi kokuba ukutyelela iziko onikelayo Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa eqhotsiweyo, ezinetyuwa, okuneziqholo iphela, amaqanda, zonke iimveliso zobisi kunye namandongomane.

Igazi lomnikelo: yingozi okanye eluncedo?

• Ngenxa yale nkqubo, umntu unako ukuba ihlolwe rhoqo kwaye simahla-HIV, negcushuwa, hepatitis, amanqanaba ihemoglobin, umyinge neentlenge erythrocyte, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ize njalo njalo.
• Ilizo uqeqesha umzimba kwaye ilungiselela ukuba imeko nzima ebomini (utyando, kwentlungu, ukulahleka igazi, njl ..).
• Ukuncipha (30%) ze isifo senhliziyo. Emva kokuba inkqubo yegazi bonke kubaxhasi ukusebenza ngempumelelo enkulu, nto leyo inegalelo impilo engcono.
• ukopha uphucula ukutya kunye nemikhosi ukuhlanganisa umzimba wonke.

iindleko

Indlela ukuba abe igazi eMoscow ukuze imali? Ukuze wenze oku, yiya kulo naliphi na iziko lomnikelo. Kwaba apho isebenza ukumisela umyalelo, ukuba ufuna ukunikela ngegazi simahla okanye kuhlawulwa yona.

Ukuba lowo wayingcwalisayo uthe ukhetha inkqubo simahla, kwezinye iindawo ezikhutshiweyo isabelo ngokutya. Ukuba ivolontiya igqibe ukuba kugxininiswe oku, kuxhomekeke embindini ezikhethiweyo kwaye ukuthathwa izinto ezithile, emva kokuba inkqubo, yena uyakwazi ukufumana ukusuka 500 ukuya 3,000 engange Russian. Nangona kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuba unikele rhoqo igazi simahla kangangeminyaka eliqela ilandelelana, ngoko ekugqibeleni ungafumana zoxhaso yekhethelo yaye zonke iintlobo iingenelo.