Izihlumelo zitshintshiweyo

Izihluma zezityalo ziyamangalisa ngokungafani kwazo. Kodwa iimeko zemeko zihlala zifuna ukuba abameli balobukumkani babe neendlela ezintsha. Amahlumela ashintshiwe akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eyongezelelweyo. Ngaloo ndlela, banikezela ukuphakama okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo.

Ukuguqulwa kwamahlumela angaphantsi komhlaba

Ezi metamorphoses zinokuba ngaphezu komhlaba okanye ngaphantsi komhlaba. Ukutshintshwa kwamahlumela angaphandle kwezona ndawo ziqhelekileyo kwaye zimelelwe ngokubanzi kwimvelo.

Omnye wabo yi-rhizome. Bobabini igama nokubonakala kubonakala ngathi yingcambu. Kodwa, ngokungafani nelilungu elingaphantsi komhlaba, liqulethwe ngama-intertices and nodes. Kwiqonga le-rhizome zihluma eziphantsi, apho, ngokuza kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, amaqabunga akhula. Kwiindawo ezikhoyo kukho iingcambu ezongezelelweyo. I-stongated stem stem iphantsi komhlaba, apho utshintsho lushintsho kunye nesomiso kuncinci kuchaphazela umsebenzi obalulekileyo wesityalo. Kwaye ukubonelelwa kwamanzi kunye nezondlo kunyuse kakhulu amathuba okuveliswa kwezityalo.

Abaninzi bajamelana nale meko xa kubalulekile ukukrazula i-wheatgrass enobukrakra, iinduli ezinqambileyo zentlambo okanye ezinye izityalo ezine-rhizome. Akulula ukwenza oku. Amahlumela ashintshiwe awandiswe kakhulu, amanqaku awo ahlala ehlala emhlabathini, enza amahlumela amatsha. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, olu buchule lusetyenziswa ngokusasazwa kwezityalo.

Tuber

I-Tuber - ukudubula okutshintshileyo, okuphantsi komhlaba kunye nokugcina izondlo. Wonke umntu uyazi izilimo eziyizigaxa zepatato ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho. Baqokelela inani elikhulu lomsila.

Abanye bacinga ngokugqithiseleyo ukudubula okuguquguqukileyo njengesisityalo. Enyanisweni, izithelo zamazambane zenziwe kwiimfucumfucu ezingasentla emva kokugquma. I-Tuber yinto enobunzima obunama-apical and lateral-eyes. Ukuhluma, amehlo adala amahlumela amancinci.

Izilwanyana ezide kunye neziphilileyo zibizwa ngokuba zi-stolons.

Izityalo ezifana ne-safari kunye ne-gladiolus zine-corms-i-stem enexinzelelo eneengcambu eziphantsi. Ukhusela okuphakathi kwe-corms layers of leaves leaves.

Ibhulo

I-anyanisi, i-garlic, i-tulip kunye ne-lily inokuguqulwa okuhlukile-i-anyanisi. Kwi-flat stem, ebizwa ngokuba nguDon, kukho izintso. Kuzo, iintlobo ezininzi zeziqabunga zikhula. Ezinye zazo zizinzi kwaye ziyinyama. Zigcina amanzi kunye nezondlo, zinika ubomi kwisityalo. Zikhuselwe zivela phezulu zingasomileyo, amaqabunga amaqabunga. Ukususela ebusweni bokulala ebusweni beqabunga elincinane lee-anyanisi, okubizwa ngokuba yi-anyanisi eluhlaza. Iibhubhu nazo zifana nezityalo zezityalo zemvelo. Ngeemeko zobusika obusika obusika obunqabileyo kunye nehlobo elomileyo elitshisayo, oku kuguqulwa kunika isityalo ithuba lokuphila kwithuba elibi phantsi kwalo mhlaba.

Ulungiso olusentla lweehlumela

Amahlumela esitshintshiweyo adibeneyo anokufumaneka kwakhona ngaphezu komhlaba. Ngoko, kumasebe e-hawthorn kunye namava anameva - ancishiswe kwaye ama-shogned modified shoots. Ziyakuboniswa umphumo we-branching kunye nokubukhali kwesiqu, ukukhusela ngokuqinisekileyo abanini babo ekudleni izilwanyana. Izityalo ezineentsiba zineziqhamo ezinomsoco, ezinomhlaza kunye nombala oqaqambileyo, ngoko zifuna ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo.

I-Strawberries kunye ne-strawberries zinesisombululo esongezelelweyo sokuvelisa izityalo - izihluma ezithandwayo zamadevu. Zizinzile emhlabeni, zenza isityalo esitsha.

Amadevu akufanele adideke kunye neentenki zeediliya. Zineenjongo ezahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngoncedo lweentenkile, isityalo sinamathele kwenkxaso, ehlala kwindawo efanelekileyo kakhulu ngokumalunga nelanga. Le fowuni nayo iyimpawu yeengxowa, ikhukhamba, ikhabe.

Ukuguqulwa kwezihlumelo kwindlela yokukhula

Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko zokukhula, amahlumela angatshintshwa. Kwizityalo ezinezinyosi kunye nezityalo ezinomsoco, zakha iziqu ezibhekiselele kwilanga eziqhele ukuhlangana nazo. Izilwanyana kunye nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo zikhula ngokukhawuleza, zifihla ubuso bomhlaba ngamacembe ngamaqabunga. Oku kubanika ubukho obuhle. Izilwanyana ezinamaqabunga amancinci zibizwa ngokuba yi-lianas. Ziyinto eqhelekileyo kumahlathi ashushu kunye namanzi ase-equatorial, nangona zihlala zifumaneka kwindawo epholileyo. Ukuqhotyoshelweyo kwenkxaso ye-creeper, kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezikhethekileyo: izitshixo, iikhonkco, i-bristles.

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sokusinda

Nangona ulwahlulo lwangaphandle, ukuguqulwa okuhlukeneyo kugcina zonke iimpawu zesakhiwo sangaphakathi. Ngokomzekelo, i- tuber tuber, ibe ngumthi oqingqiweyo, uhlanganiswe ngamagxolo avela ngasentla. Nguwe osihlambululayo xa sihlambulula izitata. Kwinqanaba elide le-tuber, umgca omnyama - umthi-ubonakala ngokucacileyo. Kwaye kwinqanaba elingaphambili, izicubu ezisisiseko eziphambili, izondlo zondlo zigcinwe ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ukuba iipilato zezitatyi zisala evulekile ixesha elide, ziya kuqala ukujika. Oku kubonisa ukuba i- plastids engenambala ye-leukoplast, apho isitashi iqokelela khona, iguqulwa ibe yi-plastidi eluhlaza ngama-chloroplast. Into enjalo ayikwazi ukudliwa, kuba iqukethe i-alkaloid enolinine enetyhefu, eyingozi kumzimba.

Imisebenzi yeehlumela eziguquliwe

Ziyizihlumela eziguqulwayo ezichonga ukusinda kwezityalo phantsi kweemeko ezimbi. Ngokugcina izondlo ezixabisekileyo, zivumela izityalo ukuba ziphile ngexesha lesomiso. Izityalo ze-Biennial kunye nezimila zihlala ziphela kuphela ngenxa yobuninzi bama-bulbs kunye ne-rhizomes. Amaqabunga awo, avela emanzini entwasahlobo kwaye aphuhlise lonke ihlobo, ngokuqala kwebusika ekwindla kufa. Kwaye inxalenye engaphantsi komhlaba ihlala ekunikezeni iziqu ezinzima. Ngokuqala kokushisa, isityalo saphinda saqala ukukhula.

Uninzi olutshintsho lokudubula lusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izityalo, ukwandisa inani lezityalo ezixabisekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Le propati isebenzise ngokusetyenziswa ngumntu kwezolimo.

Imvelaphi yeentyatyambo

Ientyatyambo yindawo yokuphunyuka. Qinisekisa oku kulula. Ivela kwiinjongo ezikhethekileyo zokuvelisa. Impawu ibonisa ukuba le nxalenye yombhobho ifumana ukuzaliseka komsebenzi obalulekileyo obalulekileyo - ukuphunyezwa kokuveliswa ngokwesini kwezityalo. Ngenxa yoko, udinga intyatyambo. Ukudubula okutshintshileyo kufutshane kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neziqu eziqhelekileyo. Iindawo zayo eziphambili ziyi- stamen kunye ne-pestle, apho iiseli zesini - i-sperm kunye neqanda, ngokulandelanayo. Umbala oqaqambileyo wee-petals zeentyatyambo zifuneka ukukhangela izinambuzane ezinqabileyo. Iintyatyambo ezincinci ziqokelelwa ngamaqela - i-inflorescences. Ngoko ziyabonakala ngakumbi, kwaye iphunga labo lisasazeka ngakumbi.

Emva kokuvelisa i-pollination kunye nokuchumisa endaweni yeentyatyambo, i-fetus yenziwa. Iqukethe imbewu kunye neparicarp. Imbewu ivelisa isityalo esitsha, kunye nezibuko ze-pericarp kwaye zibavuselele.

Ukongezelela, intyatyambo yinto yokuphunyuka okuguquguqukayo, eyamawaka amaninzi uye wazisa ukuzonwabisa kwabantu, izibongo ezikhuthazayo kunye neemvumi.

Amahlumela aguqulwayo enye yezinto eziphambili zokulungiswa kwezityalo eziphakamileyo kwiimeko zendalo. Kwinkqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, yabonakala ekwandiseni ukusetyenziswa kwezidalwa zezityalo ngokumalunga nesidingo sokuvela kwemisebenzi emitsha kwiimeko ezihlala zitshintsha ubomi.