Iyintoni na uludwe lwamalungu afanayo? Inani lamalungu alinganayo: inkcazo kunye nemizekelo

Ziziphi iziqendu zamagama afanayo? Uya kufumana impendulo yalo mbuzo kweli nqaku. Ukongeza, siya kukuxelela malunga naluphi uhlobo lwamalungu esiphakamiso ahlulwe, kunye nendlela ekufuneka bahlukane ngayo.

Ulwazi jikelele

Uluhlu lwemiqathango ehambelana nolu hlobo lwakwamalungu alesivakalisi ezidibaniswa negama elifanayo, kwaye enze enye imisebenzi yokwenza. Njengomthetho, amagama anjalo achazwa ngegama lokubhaliweyo. Ngaphezu koko, kwisigwebo bafumaneke ukudibanisa (oko kukuthi, emva kwesinye), kwaye kaninzi bavumela ukuba nayiphi na imvume. Nangona akunakwenzeka njalo. Emva kwakho konke, owokuqala kuloo machungechunge ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yiyiphi eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukusuka kwimeko yokujonga okanye yokujonga okanye ebaluleke kakhulu kwisithethi.

Iinkalo eziphambili

Uludwe lweemigama eziqhelekileyo zesivakalisi lubonakaliswe yizinto ezilandelayo:

• Ziyamalungu afanayo kwesivakalisi.
• Amagama anjalo anxibelelwano oludibeneyo phakathi kwabo, ekwahlukileyo ngokwegama okanye kwiimanyano zobumbano.
• Amalungu angqubanayo ancike kwigama elinye okanye aphantsi kwawo. Ngamanye amazwi, ayenjalo enye ilungu (eliphambili okanye elikwinqanaba) lesivakalisi.
• Inani lamalungu alinganayo lithethwa ngegama lokubhaliweyo. Kwimeko apho kungekho manyano phakathi kwamazwi anjalo okanye aphindaphindiwe, kufuneka axhumeke ngokuxhuma iiphampo.

Imigama efanayo: imizekelo kwisivakalisi

Ukwenza ukuba uqonde ngokucacileyo ukuba la malungu angani, makhe sibone umzekelo: "Ulwandle olwandle lwalubanzi kwaye lulinganiswa ngaphantsi". Kule nqanaba kukho iimeko ezimbini (ngokubanzi kunye rhoqo). Unxibelelwano oluhambelanayo (ngoncedo lomanyano "kunye"), kwaye kuxhomekeke kwilungu eliphambili lesivakalisi (isisigidi) - umsindo (oko kukuthi, "njani?" Ngokubanzi nangoku rhoqo).

Yiyiphi impawu abayenzayo?

Amalungu ahambelanayo avela kwisiphakamiso kwaye njengenqununu, nangendlela yamalungu esibini. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• "Izitiya, iindlovu, ama-grove kunye namasimi adibene kunye neebhanki zombini." Inani elinjalo lamalungu alinganayo lisebenza njengesifundo.
• "Ubumnyama, obukhanyayo, izibane zivuliwe." Ezi zichazi ezifanayo.
• "Wonke umntu waqala ukuvakalisa ingqondo, isibindi, ububele buka-Anton." Ezi zidibaniso ezifanayo.
• "Inja yahlutha, yalala phantsi, yolulela i-paws yayo yangaphambili kwaye yabeka umbhobho wayo kubo." Ezi ziyiziganeko ezihambelanayo.
• "Umoya wanda ngamandla, uqhubeka unzima kwaye unzima nakwinqanaba lomkhombe." Ezi ziimeko ezifanayo.

Iindidi zamalungu afanayo

Uchungechunge lwemiqathango ehambelanayo, imizekelo yale nto echazwe kweli nqaku, kwisivakalisi sinokuba sisasazeka okanye singabonakali. Okokuthi, amazwi anjalo anokuthwala nayiphi na into echazayo. Masinike umzekelo:

• "Ihashe lam liye linyuka ehlathini, lahlutha ihlathi."
• "Yonke into yavuselela, yaqalisa ukucula, yavuka, yaqalisa ukuthetha, yaqala ukukhula."

Yiyiphi inxalenye yentetho onokuyenza?

Amanqaku ahlukeneyo kwisivakalisi angaboniswa ngenye inxalenye yentetho. Nangona akusoloko lo myalelo unyanzelekile kuye. Emva koko, eli gama lihlala lisebenza ngendlela yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuthetha. Oku kubangelwa ukuba loo magama angabonakalisa imbonakalo eyahlukileyo. Nasi umzekelo: "Ihashe yahamba ngokukhawuleza (ngohlobo lwesibhengezo), ngesidima

Ukungafani

Onke amalungu asetyenziswayo kwisiphakamiso kufuneka akhethe imicimbi engahambelaniyo nayiphi na inhlonipho. Ukuba uphula umthetho lo mgaqo, umbhalo uya kubonwa njengengxaki. Nangona kaninzi le ndlela isetyenziswe ngamabomu ngabalobi abathile ngenjongo yokubhala. Masithethe izivakalisi ezimbalwa:

• "NguMisha kuphela, ubusika kunye nokufudumeza akuzange alale."
• "Xa umama kunye neqabunga bevumela impumlo yakhe ikhuphe ngaphandle kwendlu, uMasha wazulazula yedwa egcekeni."

Indlela yokwakha

Amalungu ahambelanayo ahlala ehlelwe kwisivakalisi kwichungechunge olunobunye obunentsingiselo kunye nesakhiwo. Nasi umzekelo: "Iikomkyu, iitamatayi, iibhontshisi, iifatata, njl.

Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba kwisigwebo esisodwa kukho ukuba kubekho uchungechunge olunye lwamalungu alinganayo. Makhe siqwalasele umzekeliso: "Iqabunga kwisitrato sakhula ngakumbi kwaye sanyula ubuso bakhe, indlebe, impumlo, izandla." Kulo mvakalisi, "uqiniswe kwaye unqanyuliwe" - lo mqolo omnye, kunye "nobuso, indlebe, impumlo, izandla" - lo ngumqolo wesibini.

"Ukungabikho" kwimigaqo

Hayizo zonke izibalo kwenye okanye enye itekisi zihambelana. Emva koko, kwezinye iimeko, ukudibanisa okunjalo kusebenza njengelungu elinye lesiphakamiso. Ukujongana nale miqathango, makhe sibonise imizekelo emininzi:

• Amagama okanye ukuhlanganiswa okuzinzileyo ezihambelana nemibutho emibini "kunye ... kunye", kwaye "ayikho" kwaye "ayihambelani. Umzekelo: "akukho ntlanzi okanye inyama," "akukho nkohliso, akukho moya", "akukho ukukhanya", "njalo njalo", "kunye nokuhleka nesono", njl njl.
• Ukuphindaphinda amagama kwiimvakalisi awanjalo. Umzekelo: "Umphunga ulindile, uhlobo olulindelwe", "Iintyatyambo zeScarlet zihamba phantsi kweemilenze zakhe emva, emva."
• Ukuba isivakalisi siquka iinkqubo ezilula ezinengqiqo zezivakalisi, ngoko azinjalo. Umzekelo: Ndiya kubona, ndiza kuphumla, thabathe kwaye ndiye, njalonjalo. Lo mgaqo usebenza kuphela ukuba udibaniso lwezenzi ezimbini ezisefomeni enye, kwaye zenza njengengqamaniso enye enentsingiselo yesenzo esingenakulinganiswa okanye esingalindelekanga kunye nenjongo yaso.

Unxulumene kunye nezincazelo ezingahambelaniyo

Ukuba amalungu esigwebo asenza njengencazelo, ngoko ke inokuthi ibe yintsholongwane okanye iyafana.

Amalungu alinganayo kwesivakalisi ngamagama abhekisela kwelinye igama elichazwe. Oko kukuthi, badibaniselana ngabanye ngokubambisana. Ukongezelela, zichazwa ngegama lokubhaliweyo.

Izincazelo ezihambelanayo kwisigwebo esinikeziweyo zingabonakalisa into okanye into evela kwicala elinye (umzekelo, ngeempahla, impahla, umbala, njl.). Kule meko, kufuneka ufake ii-commas phakathi kwazo. Makhe sinike umzekeliso: "Imvula enobudlova, inamandla, isisithulu isithengiswa kwisixeko."

Ngokubhekiselele kwiinkcazo ezingafaniyo, zibonisa into evela kumacala ahluke ngokupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, akukho nxu lumano phakathi kwamazwi. Yingakho bavakaliswa ngaphandle kwegama lokubala. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqaphele ukuba ii-commas azifaki phakathi kweenkcazelo ezichaziweyo. Nasi umzekelo: "Kwiqabunga elikhulu kwakukho mide, iipinithi ezininzi."

Ukuzalisa amagama

Amalungu angqubanayo anokudala amagama athatha izikhundla ezilandelayo:

• Ngaphambi okanye emva kwamalungu afanayo. Makhe unike umzekelo: "Yonke into ifaneleke kumntu: iingubo, ubuso, iingcamango nomphefumlo", "Etshanini, kwintsimi yeenja zasendle zavuka kunye nengqungquthela, emithini nasezidiliyeni, iindawo zeengwenyama zavela kuyo yonke indawo."
• Emva kwegama eliqhelekileyo, okanye kunoko, ngaphambi kwemigqaliselo efanayo, amagama anjenge "okuthi", "ngandlela-thile", "umzekelo" unokufunyanwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo babonisa uludwe olongezelelweyo. Masike umzekelo: "Akunjalo nje iintaka kodwa nezinye izilwanyana ziphakathi kwemidlalo yabazingeli, oku: izibhokhwe zasendle, iibhokhwe, iibhokhwe zasendle, iindwangu, iihares".
• Emva kwamalungu afanayo, okanye kunoko phambi kwamazwi athile, kunokubakho amagama anenani lexabiso (umzekelo, "kwelinye igama", "igama", njl njl.).