ITestamente - ntoni oko? Imbali yeTestamente eNdala

Nabani na ocinga ukuba ngumKristu kufuneka ngamaxesha Ukhanye ngokwemiqathango zonqulo, ukuba uhambo, funda iincwadi zokomoya dyondza Bibele. Le ncwadi iqulathe amalungu ama-2 - lo Endala kunye New Testament (iVangeli). Bahlanganisa yonke imbali kweziganeko, ukususela ekudalweni uThixo ihlabathi noluphela ukusasazeka ukholo abangamaKristu onke emhlabeni uNyana kaThixo ngabapostile emva Ascension kwakhe ezulwini.

Iinqobo ezimbini zeTestamente eNdala

ITestamente Endala - kuba yinxalenye yeBhayibhile, nto leyo ichaza ubomi babantu yamaYuda. Kungenxa yoko le nto kusifikeleyo oku ncwadi kucingwa ukuba ziqhelekile abameli bobuKristu ne kubuYuda. I kuqokelelwa ngokoqobo amasuntswana ukusuka kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kwiTestamente eNdala yimveliso elikhethekileyo ngohlobo lwayo, wadala kwixesha ukusuka XIII ukuya I BC

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala elithi "umnqophiso" lahlokoma livela imilebe umprofeti uMoses, ngaye uYehova wanika abantu iMithetho 10 inkangala libhalwe amacwecwe. Ngenxa yoko, uThixo wenza umnqophiso nabantu bakhe (contract), apho siyayigcina igunya lakhe, ukuze siyakwamkela kuye ubabalo nothando.

Ngamafutshane, siphawula ukuba ibinzana elithi "iTestamente Endala" - ibinzana ukuchazwa yinxalenye yeBhayibhile, kunye nesivumelwano kaNdikhoyo kunye nabantu bakhe.

Yintoni eTestamente umahluko

Kuba abo ekuqaleni nje ukuba babe nomdla ubuKristu aze aqalise ukufunda iBhayibhile, ngokufuthi umbuzo umbuzo, yintoni isisekelo waba zahlulo ezimbini. Okokuqala, kufuneka wazi ukuba iTestamente Endala - ibhayografi kwabantu bamaYuda kunye neendlela yosindiso bayo abaprofeti emininzi phambi kokuba eze emhlabeni uNyana kaThixo.

Iziganeko inxalenye yokuqala yeBhayibhile zibonakala kakhulu kakhulu, kwaye nezenzo abanye abalinganiswa zayo - akalutho, echasene iziseko ubuKristu yanamhlanje. imibingelelo ezininzi, fratricide, Fall eyoyikekayo iSodom neGomora - oku uluhlu engaphelelanga oko angazifumana kumaphepha zeTestamente eNdala.

Abantu kanye yokushiya Ngokungathobeli ubomi basezulwini, ziye samenzela isigwebo sokufa, izifo kunye nenkohlakalo. Kodwa ke, nangona yezono zabantu, uThixo uYise liyababala kakhulu kwaye uyabathanda ngokwenene abantwana babo. Yiyo loo nto ke wathumela uNyana wakhe emhlabeni - uYesu Kristu, kamva awayeza kucanyagushelwe izono zabantu kwaye uvula amasango-Eden.

KaNdikhoyo ngokuza Umhlaba kufuneka womnqophiso omtsha phakathi kwakhe nabantu, abathe abo phila ubomi olungenanceba ngokwendlela yokuziphatha yamaKristu, yiya ezulwini emva kokufa kwakhe. Ngokuphawulekayo wayehambile imithetho ubomi bobuKristu, iba siseko engundoqo nokuthanda ummelwane.

Njengokuba iBhayibhile ithi, Iisus Hristos wavula iingcango zezulu abantu. Kumaxesha eTestamente Endala, nkqu nabantu abangamalungisa elimhlonelayo emva kokufa kwakhe, bazibona esihogweni ngenxa izinyanya yesono - Adam noEva. Ngoko ke, singatsho ukuba iTestamente Entsha - ngundoqo yosindiso olungunaphakade.

Ubume zeTestamente eNdala

Inxalenye yokuqala, othi iTorah iqulathe iincwadi ezininzi ezibhalwe ngumprofeti uMoses. Ezi ziquka iGenesis, iEksodus, iLevitikus, iNumeri neDuteronomi.

Ukongeza iTorah kwiTestamente eNdala incwadi mprofeti, leyo bagqiba izifundo unesimilo yezembali kunye lesiprofeto.

Esibhalweni kukho iincwadi-13, phakathi apho kukho nokuvakalisa bulumko (umzekelo, Incwadi kaYobhi), kunye nemibongo malunga ngothando kunye nabanye.

Zonke iinxalenye ngentla yeTestamente eNdala ebizwa eziphefumlelweyo. Ke ezinye yeencwadi yokuqala inxalenye kobuOthodoki yeBhayibhile ukholelwa uyakha, kodwa ayibonakali ncwadi.

Aqui. inani

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iTorah - leyo iTestamente Endala, okanye mandithi, iincwadi ezintlanu kuMoses, umprofeti, nto ke leyo misongo ngesandla-ebhaliweyo. Ukongezelela, iBhayibhile ebizwa ngokuba iTorah ukwahlula imithetho kaThixo. Ulwazi esalinikwa yiNkosi ukuba umprofeti, nje kuphela ebhalwe kwi misongo, kodwa wegqitha phantsi ngomlomo. Ngoko ke, kukho nje ebhalwe kodwa umthetho ngomlomo, nto leyo ubenegalelo iziseko yokuziphatha koBuntu.

Amaphepha yokuqala zeTestamente eNdala

"Ekuqalekeni ube ekho uLizwi, waye uLizwi ekuye uThixo, waye uLizwi enguThixo" ... Nantso into evula ibali zeTestamente eNdala. Ukususela amaphepha yokuqala sinokukufunda ngokudalwa kweNkosi yehlabathi abasingqongileyo - isibhakabhaka nomhlaba, inyanga, ilanga neenkwenkwezi, ukuba ezilwandle, izilwanyana, iintaka kunye nabantu ngeentsuku ezintandathu.

UThixo wadala uAdam ngokomfanekiso wakhe ngokufana naye, UThixo udala umfazi kwaye igama uEva wakhe. "Qhamani, nande" - Nkosi umthetho abantwana bakhe. Ukunika abantu yonke into abayifunayo ukuze usindiso olungunaphakade, uThixo uyakwalela ukuba isondele semthini Ulwazi nidle iziqhamo zayo. Ukunqwenela njengokhozo esalelweyo uAdam noEva waba kwiparadesi ixabisa. Abantu bokuqala zenziwa zifumaneke isono nokufa. Oku uyafundiswa izahluko ezithathu zokuqala zencwadi yeGenesis.

Ubomi Emhlabeni: uKayin noAbheli

Xa uAdam noEva emhlabeni, baqalisa ukuba babe nabantwana, owokuqala, ezibe Kayini na Avele. Lo mzalwana yokuqala benza emhlabeni, ngelixa lokuphumelela wesibini emhlambini. UAbheli othobekileyo othembekileyo, ngokufuthi ngomthandazo kunye nokuthembela kwi inceba kaThixo.

UKayin waba intliziyo kukutyeba yaye ukhohlakele, kuba akukho ukoyika uThixo. Hlabani iNkosi wavuma uAbheli imvana umzalwana Second ebacekisile. UKayin, abagcini bomnyango, ayemzonda inzondo. Wabiza uAbheli ibe yintsimi, bambulala apho. Nkosi, bebona nje kuphela izenzo, kodwa ukwazi kunye neengcamango zabantu, uKayin walumkisa a yelishwa kunokwenzeka, bambongoza ukuba boyise neenjongo ezingendawo, ezibe umbungu abayibo- izono ngelo gazi. Kodwa umfowabo omdala, wazimfamekisa ngumona nentiyo, wenza isono fratricide. Ngokuba iNkosi uqalekisiwe uKayin.

indawo entsha

Emva kokuba ukubulawa kuka-Abheli kunye kaKhayeni kokugxothwa webali yeTestamente eNdala liyaqhubeka. UThixo wanika uAdam noEva omnye nonyana - uSete, ukusuka apho inzala okulungileyo abangcwele. Igama lakhe lithetha "isiseko", nto leyo ukuchazwa kwasekusekweni ubuntu obutsha. Ngapha koko, ivela kule hlobo kwenzeka oonyana bakaThixo, njengoko satshoyo isibhalo, kwaye ukusuka kuhlobo "abaqalekisiweyo" - oonyana babantu. Emva kokuba uKayin kunye nenzala-Abheli waba atshate omnye, abantu emhlabeni baba ngakumbi mandundu ngakumbi. Oku waze kude kwakukho omnye kuphela uNowa olilungisa kunye nentsapho yakhe. Nkosi, ungenako ukubathwala izono ezinzulu zabantu, ugqiba ukucima emhlabeni kwaye ithumela ngomkhukula. UThixo walumkisa uNowa senjongo yakhe, Awuwisele umthetho ukuba akhe umkhombe apho amalungisa kufuneka bathathe iperi izilwanyana abakwazi ukuba zikhona emanzini.

Lo mkhukula yathatha iintsuku ezilikhulu elinamashumi amahlanu, emva koko amanzi ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukuba angene umendo wayo. On indawo entsha uNowa kuzisa nedini kuye uThixo, ngenxa yosindiso lwabo. Ukuphendula, uYehova umnika ndiyathembisa singaze amalungiselelo Flood uze walathe umnyama, ethi namhla sesona sisifungo esenziwe nguThixo ngokwaKhe.

intsapho kaNowa. Babel

UNowa wazala oonyana abathathu, owathi emva konogumbe, kunye nabafazi babo babehlala kunye naye. Ekunye noyise wakhe, baza baqalisa ukuba babe nokulima umhlaba kwaye wenza lolwakhiwo nezidiliya. Ngenye imini, uNowa wazama iwayini walala ze, esazi ukuba ixesha lokuqala onke amandla esinxilisayo zesiselo esinxilisayo. Ngenxa yoko, wambamba, unyana ka-lakwaHam, owathetha ngento wabona abazalwana bakhe, ngaloo ndlela ebonisa indelelo kuyise. OoShem noYafete, phezu koko, bagaleleka yokugubungela umzimba ze lomzali. Xa uNowa wavuka waza wafunda oko kwenzekileyo, wamtsha bhisayo uHam nentsapho yakhe yonke, ngokumgweba ukuba inzala ukucinezelwa nanini abazalwana.

Ngoko kwakukho izizwe amathathu - simit, iafity kunye Hamitic. Kutshanje siye sagqiba na iindleko uvumele wena evela umthwalo ngokuzithoba wamitha ukwakha inqaba ukuba Yada yesa ezulwini, ukuze baziphakamise. Nkosi wafunda sesi sicwangciso, lahlulwe Hamitic, wabanika iilwimi ezahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abakwazi kuvumelana phakathi baze baqonde icebo lakhe. Beka nenqaba gqitywanga ebizwa ngokuba yiBhabhiloni.

uhlobo kaKristu

Phakathi amabali zeTestamente ezininzi ezizodwa endala wabalaselisa ibali umbingelelo ka-Abraham. Wayengowomlibo uThixo kaShem, ikholwa kuThixo. Ngelo xesha, lonke ilizwe zithixo ukusasazeka, kunye nabantu uwutyeshele ngokoyika uThixo. Kuba umphefumlo ilungisa ka-Abraham kunye nomfazi wakhe uSara, kudala wayebila ukuba babe nabantwana, Emnye oyiNgcwele watyelela wentente yakhe. Ngelo xesha amalungisa womelele oluphambili kakhulu. Ke, njengoko emehlweni iNkosi kuwo wonke lo nyaka entsatsheni unyana ka-Abraham uIsake. Babethanda umntwana lwabo. Wakubona ke uThixo sengqondo abazali unyana wakhe, wagqiba ukuqinisekisa ukholo lokwenyaniso nothando amalungisa. UThixo wacela uAbraham unikele uIsake njengombingelelo kuye. I wayesazi ukuba uThixo usoloko efuna okulungileyo kuphela, ngoko ke waya entabeni, ukuthatha iinkuni ukuze umlilo kunye nonyana wakhe nosana. UYehova wabona ukuzinikela-Abraham, wambuza ukuba ahlabe inkunzi yegusha ibambeke ematyholweni endaweni umntwana othandekayo kuphela. Anobulungisa, wabonisa uloyiko kwakhe uYehova; ngokuba apho bawongwa inzala eziliqela, kwafika uMsindisi kuzo kamva.

Eli bali ebhayibhileni owandulelayo imbali yokuzisa umbingelelo omkhulu loNyana kaThixo ngenxa yezono zabantu. Njengo Abraham, uThixo angawaconganga unyana wakhe okuhlawulela uhlanga lwabantu. Eli bali lichaza imigaqo yeBhayibhile (New Testament). Oku kuza kaKristu ukutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukuphila kunye neengqondo zabantu kunye nolwalamano lwabo omnye komnye.

UMoses. imiyalelo kaThixo

Lo mprofeti ezaziwayo-kakuhle yebhayibhile uMoses, yakuba ibasindisile abantu yamaYuda kwingcinezelo yaseYiputa, waba nomlamli phakathi kwabantu behlabathi kunye Nkosi, ngubani na imithetho-10. Abagcinanga emacwecweni amabini, bavakalisa ubuhlobo umfo kuThixo nommelwane. Ezi imithetho kufuneka yamkele abo bafuna ukuba sisondele kuYehova.

Ngaphambi kokuba la macwecwe ezingcwele, uMoses wazila ukutya iintsuku ezingama-40 nobusuku ngoxa phezu kwentaba yeSinayi. Akuba ebuyile, ebamkele imithetho, amaSirayeli wangena umnqophiso noThixo, apho abantu kufuneka siphile ngokuvisisana nomthetho kaThixo.

umphongolo

Kuba yokugcina amacwecwe amatye, uThixo wayalela uMoses ukuba adale ityesi yomnqophiso. Ntoni na nokuba yintoni na ikhangeleka njani, oko umdla abaninzi. Okokuqala, oko luphawu komdibaniso kaNdikhoyo kumaYuda. Ibhokisi ezenziwa ngomthi kwaye ezo ngomngampunzi, wazaleka ngegolide. Kumaxesha eTestamente Endala, oko igcinwe ententeni (itempile ephathwayo) awaniwiselayo uThixo abantu bakhe ukwakha. Okwangoku, indawo iTyeya alwaziwa. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo mnye, ibhokisi yathi shwaka ebudeni bolawulo sakwaManase abangahloneli Thixo. Nababingeleli, enga ukusindisa yingcwele olukhulu ukususela izidyobho kakumkani, wayibamba ngaphandle umnquba athunyelwe kwenye yeetempile zaseYiputa. Ukusuka kule ndawo kwi ityesi yomnqophiso ngaphezu kwakanye babehamba, isiba umbandela zonqulo zamaYuda. Kukholelwa ukuba nokuzimela yokugqibela ibhokisi wayengomnye amabandla Ethiopia.

ITestamente Entsha. utshintsho

Njengoko ukuzalwa kukaYesu Kristu ivula amaphepha entsha yeBhayibhile. IVangeli - i iTestamente Entsha kaThixo. weza emhlabeni UYehova Indoda elula ihlwempu wenza imimangaliso ibonwe - ephilisa abaneqhenqa, nivuse abafileyo. Ngokuba zonke izibonelelo uKristu unika abantu, baye waphathwa emnqamlezweni naye esiphambanweni, ubiza uKumkani risible wamaYuda. Kodwa uThixo weza emhlabeni ukuze kuvuswa, kwaye kucanyagushelwe izono zabantu, ukunika abantu umthetho omtsha, imigaqo engundoqo iyileyo - inceba nemfesane.

Ngoko ke, i eNdala kwaneTestamente eNtsha ukudibanisa ingcamango eziphambili: nangona ngezikreqo zabo zonke, iNkosi onako ukuxolela umntu ukuba wayeza kuzisa inguquko yokwenene, njengoko wenza isela ngokuzixhoma emnqamlezweni ecaleni uNyana kaThixo.