EMoscow izenzo nezigodlo. Akhona nezigodlo Russian

ubalo ekhethekileyo yaqhutywa ngowe-1914. Its nenjongo - ukubambela yoonongendi Russian, inani labo kunye nenani labantu abahlala kuzo. Ngelo xesha, ukuba kuthiwe yoonongendi esebenzayo 1025. Phantsi kolawulo yiSoviet ngasekhohlo 16. zabo Ngokutsho 2013, eRashiya kukho 700 yoonongendi, kodwa eli nani yohluka njengoko ukuvula up njalo yokuhlala entsha.

Godlo of eMoscow: imbali

Kuba imbonakalo eyinkunzi Russian ezenziwa kakhulu ekwakheni obubalaseleyo icawa, iicawa nezigodlo. Mdala kubo - i Epiphany Danilov, yasekwa kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XIII. zokwakha ezinkulu-isikali woonongendi yaqala ngenkulungwane XIV emva kwexesha. Ngelo xesha kwisixeko wabonakala Imimangaliso, Andronikov, Simonov, Sretensky godlo iKrismesi. amabandla amaninzi eMoscow bubonakala XVI-XVII eminyaka. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba woonongendi akukho kuphela wabonakala ngeli xesha, kodwa ivaliwe. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1626, zayeka ukubakhona uEliya Monastery. godlo eziliqela zavalwa ebudeni bolawulo Peter I.

Isicwangciso geodesic kuqala umzi, epapashwe ngowe-1739, wambonisa zonke yoonongendi ka eMoscow (Acting). Ngelo xesha, akukho 28. ezine kubo zavalwa kwinkulungwane efanayo.

isigodlo ezilahlekileyo

Emva kokuba revolution (1917), onke yoonongendi ka eMoscow zaye zipheliswe. Abanye babo zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo, izakhiwo ezitsha kwakhiwa endaweni yazo. Ngoko yaphela Voznesensky kunye Chudov yoonongendi, kwakunye Zlatoust, oyiNgcwele kunye Nikita. Ezinye (isabelo encinane kakhulu) abe iimyuziyam. Oku Don, Novodevichy Convent. Kuphela 90 emva kwexesha 'isimo siqala ukuphucula cloisters ecaweni. Uninzi izakhiwo Abasindileyo woonongendi babuyela ibandla. Xa godlo ezininzi kwaye esiku nokubuyiselwa. Namhlanje phezu kummandla eMoscow 22 nezigodlo esebenzayo. Nabanye babo siya ukuba umazi namhlanje.

isigodlo Active eMoscow

Okokuqala zonke Ndingathanda ukuthetha Danilov, okanye Danilovsky, ngokufuthi kangangoko oko kuthiwa, monastery. Yeyona yokuhlala Ubungcwele bakhe uMphathi. Yeyona woonongendi endala Moscow, yasekwa unyana ka Aleksandra Nevskogo, Daniil ngo-1282. Emva kokufa kwakhe waza ke wangcwatywa kule ndawo. Phantse amane eminyaka, isidumbu sakhe baye bafudukela kwindawo eyahlukileyo, kunye 80s babuya kwi Danilov weemonki.

Ngowe-1812 woonongendi iye ihlasele yi-French, koko kwakhona. Ngexesha ulawulo iiBolsheviks ivaliwe, emangcwabeni sachithwa. Ukulondolozwa zabantu abadumileyo Russian - Nikolaya Gogolya, UNikolai Rubinstein, UNikolai Yazikova batshintshelwa Novodevichy Convent. Ukususela ngowe-1931 ukuya 1983 kule ndawo yaba lithanga kubaphuli-mthetho abangabantwana.

Ngowe-1983 wabuyela yokuhlala engcwele yeCawa Orthodox wambuyisela ngokupheleleyo.

Le ibekwe kule dilesi - Danilovsky umngxuma 22 (isikhululo metro "Tula).

Male Donskoy Monastery

Yasekwa ngonyaka ka-1593 yi unyana ka Ivana Groznogo, Fedorom Ioannovichem. Okokuqala endaweni yayo, ngexesha edabini kunye iCrimea Khan Giray, wawuhamba ibandla. Ngokutsho ilivo, uloyiso imikhosi Russian banceda aphumelele Don icon ye nguMama kaThixo. Yena ngoku Tretyakov Igalari.

Donskoy Monastery yathotyelwa iphanga kwaye nentshabalalo - ebutsheni 1600 nakuyo nokunyamekelwa kwezi French umkhosi ngo-1812.

Ngowe-1917 ivaliwe, nommandla wayo iyimyuziyam izakhiwo.

Ngowe-1991, i-Donskoy Monastery, ngelishwa, kuthatha ixesha elide yadluliselwa eMoscow labefundisi. Lo mhla ithathwa ngomhla wakhe wokuzalwa yesibini. Ukususela ngoko, woonongendi kwakhona esebenzayo.

Iyindawo idilesi - Don ummandla 1 ( "Shabolovskaya" kwisikhululo sikaloliwe).

Novospassky Monastery

Kwakhona ngokuba Tsar, kuba kangangeenkulungwane nommandla wayo wangcwatywa abantu abathile yasebukhosini kunye namalungu amagama ezukileyo. Yasungulwa kwinkulungwane XIII, Prince Daniel. It wasiwa izihlandlo eziliqela. Woonongendi lwangoku, iifoto apho ubona kweli nqaku, yakhiwa ngo-1645.

Emva kokuba revolution woonongendi, efana nabanye abaninzi, iye ivaliwe. On nommandla wayo abaqalise NKVD entolongweni. Umngcwabo ne amangcwaba Zakharins, Romanov kunye nezinye iintsapho njengenkosana iye barbarously batshatyalaliswe. Emva kokuba Second kweMfazwe Yehlabathi apha ibekwe isikhululo enzulu up. Ukususela ngo-1968, xa woonongendi kwaku nokubuyiselwa Museum. Ukususela ngelo xesha kwaqalisa umsebenzi wokubuyisela izakhiwo lokusinda.

Ngowe-1990, yena wabuyela amakholwa bobu kwakhona nesiqalo njengoko eMonastri osebenzayo.

idilesi yakhe - indawo umlimi, 10 (isikhululo metro "uyazazi ukuba", "Abalimi").

godlo Moscow (Acting) kwabasetyhini

Pre-mbuso Moscow uNkulunkulu uyakufanelekela uyazingca izakhiwo zalo ibandla. Iicawa kunye icawa avuyiswa abamenyiweyo amazwe. Ngezantsi, wena aqonde convents kweli komkhulu.

uAlexius isigodlo

Le loonongendi endala, owasekwa ngo-1360 ngu Metropolitan Aleksy e Chertolye, endulini ngentla uMlambo oreja, ngexesha igama. Stone Cathedral ibandla yakhiwa ngokomyalelo uyise Ivan labangcangcazelisi kaThixo, sithandazela ukuba kuzalwe indlalifa ngo-1514. Woonongendi utshiswe, kodwa lancitshiswa izihlandlo eziliqela. Ngowe-1547 wamtshisa emhlabeni. Ngowe-1584, Ivan abangcangcazelisi wayalela ukuba ukwakha uAlexius yoonongendi kwindawo entsha apho ngoku ke endlwini ka Krestu unguMsindisi. Ezinye monki wayengafuni ukushiya eluthuthwini lokutsha kwedini phantsi isigodlo, kwaye kule ndawo itempile yakhiwe kwaye igama nokukhulelwa. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amawaka amakholwa uthandaza nzima malunga ukukhulelwa elide lulindelwe.

Kumaxesha Soviet, uninzi kumasango woonongendi zaye ATM, abanye batshatyalaliswe. Elise kummandla ngamathanga abantwana neentolongo.

Kwiminyaka 90 woonongendi wabuyela kwiCawa yobuOthodoki. Ngo-2010, oko wabuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ndilufumeneyo ubume - monastery esebenzayo. Amafoto ungabona kweli nqaku, kunye nedilesi yalo - 2nd Zachatievsky lane 2 (isikhululo metro "Park Kultury", "Kropotkinskaya").

sigodlo Novodevichy

Wakha khona ngu Prince Vasily III ukuvela kwisixeko samandulo ESmolensk eMoscow ulawulo, ngo-1524.

Ngemihla yakudala ukuba woonongendi kakhulu esibalaseleyo esisityebi kunene kweli lizwe. Kwathi umfazi abazizidwangube; nobhambathisa ukuba banikele iimpahla zazo, ngegolide, neeperile, nesilivere.

Ngu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XVII kuye a lomculo esihle, sidalwe indlela eMoscow sobuciko kwasekwa. Openwork isithsaba Zazihonjiswe neenqaba ezinde, lwakwakhiwa intsimbi isithuba sesibini nenqaba ende aphezulu Moscow, kwakunye Church of Ingqiqo kunye refectory.

Imbali i Novodevichy Convent igcina iimfihlelo monki ababekulo ngokunxamnye nokuthanda labo. Bekukho ogqunywe ekuthinjweni, umfazi wokuqala Peter I, Evdokia Lopuchin, Boyarynya tvoix, Princess Sophia.

Xa kwenzeka abonwabileyo, woonongendi wasinda ngo-1812. Noko ke, emva 1917, akazange kusinda isiphelo kumaSirayeli onke yoonongendi eMoscow. Akhoyo ngelo xesha abasemagunyeni abatsha wayivala phantsi ngo 1922. Apha kokudumisa Inkululeko yabantu abangomama Museum, apho kamva iguqulelwa museum art. Ningawufumana khona kule dilesi ilandelayo - sicatshulwa Novodevichy, 1 (isikhululo metro "Sports").

wokuzalwa isigodlo

Zonke godlo ka eMoscow - enza sele ezilahlekileyo - ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Akukho kuphela "ubudala" wayo; kodwa isimbo bokwakha.

Ngo-1386, umama hero of Battle of Kulikovo, uVladimir namagorha, Princess uMariya Serpuhova waseka wokuzalwa Convent. Kuye kwakhiwa ukuba ukukhumbula uloyiso Kulikovo.

Woonongendi yokuqala noodade baba iinkedama nabahlolokazi ze namajoni edabini. Kufuneka ke ukuba ixesha elide uBhaptizo Orthodox Rus kunye layeka ayeze ukumkanikazi wezulu. ubomi bakhe emhlabeni zanikezelwa iitempile nezigodlo of eMoscow. OBambeleyo ngoku wahlala ke, ngamaqondo ahlukahlukeneyo, ukugcina kwimemori eqaqambileyo Virgin Mother. In memory of iitempile zakhe zakhiwa emva kwixesha langaphambi Mongol. Omnye yokuqala wokuzalwa Convent.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha liye lakhula. Ngo-1505 kwakukho yecawa ilitye le-Virgin oyiNgcwele, oko ngokutsha amaxesha amaninzi kule minyaka ilandelayo. Ngo-1687 kwakukho ibandla kwi woonongendi Ioanna Zlatousta. Ngowe-1836 ukuba wakha inyango intsimbi kunye nebandla evgeniya Hersonskogo. Ngumzobi Vinogradov ngo-1906 bakha Church of the Kazan uMama kaThixo.

Ngowe-1922 woonongendi yavalwa kwaye ukuya ku-imi- 70 kuzo zonke iindawo eMonastri zona zihlala zokuhlala zoluntu. Ngasekupheleni nenani-80 woonongendi yabuyiselwa eMoscow labefundisi. Unqulo yaqala ngo-1989, yaye kwafika iimonki yokuqala apha ngo-1993. Ukususela ngoko, woonongendi waqalisa ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa. idilesi yakhe - Rozhdestvenka street, indlu 20.

Savelisa ukuba nje ezinye yoonongendi Moscow (Acting). Ujongana mansions siye kubonisiwe apha ukukwenzela lula. Ukuba ufuna ukuzibona ngamehlo am - kuza, wena uhlala wamkelekile.