Isigama Indies kunye kwincoko: imizekelo nemigaqo yokusebenzisa

Bhala eqaqambileyo, anomtsalane nzima ukuze bayabanjwa. Kodwa abanye ababhali bayakwazi ukufumana ingqalelo abaphulaphuli onocwangco imisebenzi yakhe. Yintoni imfihlelo yempumelelo yabo? Sizama ukufumana phandle kweli nqaku, indlela ukufezekisa bayamkeleka ngokubanzi.

nekrwada

isigama Indies - amagama kunye, stylistically lancitshiswa umthunzi baberhabaxa kwaye nkqu nekrwada, ezithi zibekwe ngaphandle isimbo boncwadi. Ukuba aziqhelekanga ngenxa imodeli, isimbo incwadi, eziqhelekileyo kodwa amaqela ahlukeneyo oluntu kwaye i iimpawu yenkcubeko neyentlalo abantu musa ilifa ulwimi olubhaliweyo. La magama asetyenziswa kwezinye iindidi incoko: kwintetho playful okanye aqhelekileyo Ukubanga ngomlomo kunye like.

Ngokubanzi, i-lomthonyama kuthiwa ulwimi non-ezoncwadi, esetyenziswa kwiincoko zabantu. Kulo mzekelo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba baberhabaxa kwaye banentetho okhethekileyo. Kuyo zibandakanyiwe, umzekelo, amagama 'ngaphakathi', 'sinokuni- "," simahla "," uvuko "," ngenye imini, "" ixesha ukuba "," amathuba "," ezinkulu "," bangadinwa "," ububhanxa " "ukulibala", "osebenza nzima", "wela", "Brainy".

Uphawu e izichazi-magama, ebonisa nokuphungulwa nendlela amagama kunye neentsingiselo zawo, ubanike thabatha novavanyo, abaninzi. isigama Indies rhoqo iyawasusa uvavanyo kunye nethoni novakalelo.

Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba amazwi aqhelekileyo, ezahlukeneyo kuphela accentuation yayo nefonetiki ( "tabaterka" endaweni "igwada", "surezno" endaweni yoku ngagqibekanga "enzulu").

Izizathu isicelo

Lexicon Indies kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo lwaso isetyenziswa ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi: ngokunxulumene yombhali ngqo oluchazwe, iinjongo enze (ibinzana journalistic), imixholo ekhululekile kwaye (amazwi) embi, izizathu characterological (amabinzana art). Ishishini kunye neengxoxo zenzululwazi Indies isigama esemthethweni waqonda ukuba into inostilevoy.

style indelicate

isigama Coarsely Indies sele buthathaka, ekhululekile umbala ukudelela. It iqulathe, umzekelo, la mazwi: "riffraff", "cornstalk" "bonehead", "imagi", "imbiza-bellied", "Spieler", "ubuso", "imagi", "bast", "njakazi", " okolet "," slyamzit "," umhlwa "," Hamley ". Ukuze kube ngokaYehova nekrwada ezigabadeleyo, oko kukuthi, inhlamba (funga inhlamba). Kulo isimbo uyakwazi ukufumana amagama kunye neenqobo ezingaqhelekanga iilwimi (rhoqo nemetamorphic) - "impempe" ( "ukuba"), "wagawula" ( "Wathi ngokukhawuleza"), "umgcana wentetho" ( "ukubhala"), "bahlanganisa '( "mbudede"), "umnqwazi" ( "engxoweni buhlungu"), "vinaigrette" ( "inqwaba").

style yemihla ngemihla

isigama Incoko yenye esisiseko iindidi isigama ngayo ulwimi umbhali kunye uhlobo cala kunye ncwadi. Yenza igama, owaziwa kakhulu namabinzana dialogicality. Le style lujolise iingxoxo zamatyotyombe sikwazi ukuthetha nabanye abantu (looseness zonxibelelwano nengcaciso ulwalamano, iingcinga, iimvakalelo, intetho kumxholo), kwakunye yeeyunithi namanye amacandelo zolwimi, ikakhulukazi kwibinzana oluthethwayo. Ngoko ke amazwi ogama yesiNtu azalwa novakalelo nciphisa imibala.

uhlobo oluthethwayo wohlulwe umthamo ichibi olungalinganiyo-base ezimbini: a ebhaliweyo iilwimi kunye nesigama obihodno-nkonzo.

intetho Isigama

Yintoni isigama kwincoko kunye Indies? isigama ngemihla iqulathe amagama athile iintlobo yomlomo izenzo zokunxibelelana. Okuxoxa amabinzana iyunifomu. Bona ibekwe ngezantsi amazwi cala, kodwa kuxhomekeke iqondo isigama uncwadi yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini ezinkulu: isigama nezakhiwo zomthonyama.

isigama ngemihla iquka amagama ukunika ngengxoxo sikweni umthunzi, spontaneity (kodwa hayi krwada-lizwi iilwimi). Ukususela ngokombono iinxalenye zentetho bathi isigama kwincoko njengoko cala nezahlukeneyo.

Oku kuquka:

• kwezibizo: "banikina", "indoda enkulu", "ububhanxa";
• Izichazi: "sayekelela", "zingakhathaliyo";
• nezihlomelo: "ngendlela yam", "random";
• Ukusebenzisa iindidi zesigama: "Eish", "bai", "LGA".

ilexicon ngemihla, nangona pritushennost bawo, andingekhe ndiwugqithe imida ulwimi Russian zoncwadi.

isigama Indies ngezantsi kwisimbo ngaphezu ngemihla, ngoko ke, ibekwe ngaphandle ukubhalwa standardised zentetho Russian. Lohlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu:

1. isigama ngoboya ngokwegrama eboniswe izichazi yokuvakalisa ( "bedraggled", "bellied"), isenzi ( "ukulala", "raschuhat"), isibizo ( "cornstalk", "bonehead"), nezihlomelo ( "iintwala," "ngobudenge"). La magama basoloko incoko kakubi abafundileyo abantu, belinganisa inqanaba zenkcubeko yabo. Ngamanye amaxesha zifumaneka kwiingxoxo zabantu ezikrelekrele. Le imiva la magama kunye namandla azo lwesemantiki kunye neemvakalelo ukuba ngamanye amaxesha qhalo yaye ecacisa bonisa umlinganiselo (eyona negative) kuyo nayiphi na into, isenzeko okanye abantu.
2. isigama ngoboya-iilwimi kwahlukile ukusuka kwinqanaba rough novakalelo ophezulu ukwazana. Oku, umzekelo, la magama alandelayo: "Heil", "imagi" "imagi", "umnqathe", "ibhodle", "Rylnikov". La mazwi imazwi maninzi, baye bakwazi ukuba adlulisele isimo sengqondo incoko kugqalwe kwiziqendu. Ngenxa nezobundlobongela ngokugqithiseleyo isigama loo nto yesebenzayo iincoko zabantu cultured.
3. Eneneni, isigama zomthonyama. Oku kuquka inani elincinane lamagama ezingezizo ezoncwadi, kungekhona ngenxa yokuba angenzi (abazange krwada ngombala ekhululekile kunye nexabiso) okanye uphawu imfazwe (bengengabo semantics gadalala), kodwa ke ngenxa yokuba izikhohlakali zingamoyiki ukucebisa ukusebenzisa abantu abafundileyo kwiincoko. La ngamagama afana "kwangaphambili", "kanye ngoku", "Tata," "Ndiba," "zizala". Olu hlobo ulwimi ukwabizwa ngokuba demotic, uyahluka ulwimi esetyenziswa esixekweni nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.

Izithethantonye

Izifanokuthi isigama Indies noncwadi ngexesha elifanayo rhoqo kakhulu kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo yokuthetha imizwa:

• intloko - galangal, chump;
• ubuso - imagi ugly, ngomlomo;
• iinyawo - klyagi.

Amaninzi ezingxoxweni kwenzeka akufani nje ngolo hlobo, kunye nenguqulelo zomthonyama amagama ezoncwadi, kuquka igrama:

• kuye - kuye;
• njalo - zavsegda;
• wadla - yena poemshi;
• zabo - ezabo;
• phandle - ottudova, ottedova;
• ntle - ukuba svidanitsa.

Creativity M.Zoshchenko

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba indlela yokuthetha yokuthetha na isigama Indies. amagama Eneneni, xa ezandleni umbhali ezingezizo ezoncwadi masterovitogo unako ukukhonza kuphela njengendlela inkcazelo nangokwasengqondweni abalinganiswa, kodwa ukwenza imeko ukuluqonda zobugcisa ezithile. Kwase yale wena wenze okuninzi ngemisebenzi creative Zoshchenko, ngubani ngobuchule parodied sengqondo wamaFilisti kunye nendlela yokuphila, "vkraplivaya" kwincoko amaqhawe engonwabanga amabinzana folksy.

Njani Ikhangeleka kwisigama lomthonyama iincwadi zakhe? Imizekelo efanele M.Zoshchenko umxhelo. Lo mbhali onesiphiwo wabhala oku kulandelayo:

"Ndithi:

- Ingaba akunjalo ixesha kuhlala yemiboniso? Call inokuba.

Kwaye uthi:

- No.

Yaye okwesithathu, ithatha ikeyiki.

kuthetha kona:

- Ukuzila - hayi kangako? Ukuze linganihlanzi.

Kwaye uthi:

- Hayi, - uthi - sisetyenziswa.

Kunye nohlelo yesine.

Emva koko hits nam egazini entloko.

- Lodge - nithi - umva!

Yena ispuzhalsya. Wavula umlomo wayo, kwaye ukukhanya izinyo emlonyeni.

Kwaye ukuba hit the uwuyekela idreyini. Noko kunjalo, ndiyacinga, akusekho aphuma naye.

- Lodge - ndithi - esihogweni "(" intshisakalo "ibali!).

Kulo msebenzi, umphumo kwinqakwana Kwenzeka nje kuphela ngenxa ezininzi amabinzana yobukrwada neefom, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ezi ngxelo ivelele cliches "esulungekisiweyo" zoncwadi: "kudla cake" njalo-njalo. Ngenxa yoko, idale umfanekiso olungokwengqondo abafundileyo kakubi, indoda emxinwa-nye nonke, nilwela ukuze babonakale ezikrelekrele. Nguye Classic hero Zoshchenko.

isigama lwesigodi

Noko lwesigodi, isigama Indies? Ukufunda nekrwada Urban, abantu abaninzi unokubuza umbuzo engxamisekileyo malunga umbala walo, ngenxa yempembelelo lwimi: kugxininisa iinketho ezimbalwa ngokungqinelana idatha ye sixeko elinye kwenza kube lula ukuba ezifanisa kunye nezinye izixeko izinto, umzekelo, Tambov, eOmsk, Voronezh, Elista, Krasnoyarsk kunye njalo njalo.

imida eqhelekileyo phakathi isigama iilwimi kunye nesi kudla kakhulu kubalelwa amakhonkco zembali kunye slang lwesigodi wesizwe, izizathu yemfuza ukuba akagwetyelwa ngokupheleleyo amaxesha zahlalutywa njengomthombo esisiseko ukhanyiso ulwimi ethandwayo ichibi sona.

Isakhono A. I. Solzhenitsyna

Vuma, maxa wambi besebenzisa isigama Indies kunika imveliso a ubunjalo ethile. Iilwimi okuloba nobuchule A. I. Solzhenitsyna, ziphawulwe ngokuthi ngokuphuma engaqhelekanga utsala ngeelwimi ezininzi. Kwaye indida ka thabatha ngokunxulumene oko kufuna abanye abafundi ukuba bafunde ulwimi nesimbo imisebenzi yalo mbhali. Umzekelo, inoveli yakhe "One Day kwi Ivana Denisovicha" ubonisa umanyano lwangaphakathi kunye efanayo, izizathu echanekileyo nokubunjwa kwayo yokomfuziselo ngomlomo, apho kukho, njengoko kusitshiwo yi L. N. Tolstoy, "inkqubo eyahlukileyo ilizwi kuphela kunokwenzeka," Nguwo lowo umqondiso kunjalo nobuciko.

into ebaluleke

isigama lwesigodi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba Solzhenitsyn. "Yaba" function umbhali neyabalimi yakhe, wamenza ophambili of inoveli yakhe, umbhali likwazile ukwenza uvavanyo lwesigodi engaqhelekanga kakhulu novakalelo yokuthetha yayo, ngaphandle ngamandla kuba yonke yangoku ukubuya script ukusebenza kwimpahla axhatshazwe intetho "ethandwayo" ziya, ebhadula ukusuka kwincwadi ukuba ukubhukisha ( uhlobo 'nadys "" umpostile "," sithandwa sam, "" ukhangela-Goch "kunye like).

Ubukhulu becala le nkcazelo ithi iveliswa hayi ngenxa isigama ( "uhaydakatsya", "iqabaka", "Khalabuda", "gunyavy"), kwaye ngenxa ilizwi-ukwakhiwa "obnevolyu", "nedotyka", "ukryvische", "udovolenny" "ngokungxama". Le ndlela kokuqhagamshelana intetho lwesigodi intsimi obugcisa, njengoko umgaqo ukugxekwa uvavanyo lokuvuma njengoko lobo associative unxibelelwano aziqhelileyo umfanekiso kunye nelizwi.

intetho Abantu

Nokuba ukusebenzisa njani isigama Indies kule ntetho? Ezingxoxweni yamahlwempu lwesigodi mihla kunye nesigama iilwimi enye kwenye phantse engenakususwa. Kwaye emva kukho, yithini, amagama afana "yanto," "samodumka", "duhovity", "ukubamba" kuyo nayiphi na isithethi ethile, yaye ngenxa yokuba ziqondeka okanye ingaba esetyenziswa jikelele ezingezo-boncwadi iimpawu zabo - ovavanyo izwi Ivan Denisovich Akukhathaliseki. Kubalulekile ukuba ngoncedo kokubini yokuqala kunye nomnxeba lesibini hero lifumana eyimfuneko zobugcisa-iimvakalelo.

Siva phezu ingqiqo onesisa uburharha, ubomi, kungekho lula ibolekwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwi zinkundla ezahlukeneyo beyelenqe intetho abantu banokuqonda eqhelekileyo. Solzhenitsyn oko uyazazi kwaye ngobuthathaka ibhaqa shades ezintsha minor.

Indlela enye luphawulwa isigama Indies? Imizekelo isicelo oko kunokukhokelela ngonaphakade. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ukusetyenziswa Shukhov "inshorensi' isenzi kwindawo entsha" emidlalo-kwimveliso "imilinganiselo - ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka amanyathelo ukukhusela i" Shukhov ... ngesandla omnye ngombulelo, ungxamile, wathabatha nedokurok, kwaye yesibini ukusuka ezantsi ukuya inshorensi, ukuze ukuwisa. "

Okanye styazhonnoe usebenzise elinye lamaxabiso 'kuba' isenzi eziya kuvela popular esithi nje ngoku, "wazisa umntu trafaretki emfazweni, yaye ukususela ngoko uye, kunye nedayi nangakumbi loo ochwetheziweyo: akukho nala ndawo ayisebenzi ... ".

Ulwazi amabinzana intsomi wanika Solzhenitsyn kunye namava ubomi enzima, yaye, ke, umdla ngokukhutheleyo wizard, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba aphathe nje kuphela, kodwa ngokukodwa ukuba baphande ulwimi Russian.