Introduction to zamabali kwiqela wokulungiselela. Zikwi iqela wokulungiselela

Yenze umntwana uthando ncwadi kunye nehlabathi yintsomi lwenzeka ebuntwaneni. Abantwana bafunda ngemisebenzi enkulu ekwenzeni okulingileyo ukuze kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi, ezizezi - enkulisa. Namhlanje siye sithethe malunga intshayelelo zamabali kwiqela wokulungiselela: kutheni oku ubudala indiva lokho benza inkqubo kakhulu ngempumelelo, ukwakha indlela incoko nomntwana omncinane, xa kufikwa kunzima-to-ukuqonda iindidi?

Iimpawu abantwana ubudala, sele kudlule iqela wokulungiselela

Familiarization kunye eyinyani kwi qela wokulungiselela kubalulekile kuba yobudala engama 6-7, iyasebenza ngokukodwa kwinqanaba lophuhliso kwaye ukuyilwa umntwana. Kukho ingxaki kwendawo yemali, siqala uphuhliso bonxibelelwano oluntsokothileyo phakathi kwabantu. Abantwana beli phakade, njengoko kuchasene kubantwana abancinane, bayakwazi wokubona ukuqonda iindidi ezifana umsebenzi, umtshato, ukugula, ekubelekeni, njalo njalo. Uluhlu N. Ukwanda asetyenziswe kwinkqubo indima nokudlala njengoko umntwana imihla ngemihla kuya olwamkele ngakumbi imifanekiso zehlabathi ezingqongileyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto intshayelelo zamabali kwiqela wokulungiselela - lithuba lokwenza ezi imifanekiso, iimbono, njengoko iisampulu lentsholongwane ngakumbi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

uyakwazi ukufikelela nawuphi umphumo entle?

Ukuba umsebenzi ziza kuququzelelwa kakuhle nangokufanelekileyo, imveliso yeziko lemfundo pre-school (Dow), umntwana uya kuba izakhono zolwazi lokufunda nokubhala kwengxoxo kunye ezinye iintlobo intetho omnye. Formation of isikhundla umfundi, ukuphuhliswa iintlobo zonxibelelwano kakuhle nabanye kunye kwimbono yehlabathi yokwenene njengoko impumelelo isithuba inkcubeko yabantu, abe kwinqanaba eliphezulu ekuziphuhliseni and cognitive - zonke ezi zehlabathi, ukuphumeza ekufuneka sisebenze ngokubambisana-ngaxeshanye kunye notitshala kunye nabazali ukuze ngenxa yoko umntwana akwazi ukuqhubeka ngempumelelo izifundo zabo esikolweni waziva ekhululekile kwaye bekhululekile. Ukuphunyelelwa imigomo kuquka familiarization kunye eyinyani kwiqela wokulungiselela.

Local, umsebenzi esinda egxile

fiction Ukufunda iqela wokulungiselela kuyimfuneko ukuze:

• Yakha izimvo umntwana ekuqaleni malunga ihlabathi lweempawu ayinyani. Enyanisweni, elula neqondakalayo ukucacisa kuye kwinqanaba iindidi uhlobo, imibongo, neprowuzi, yaye ngokukodwa kwabo, ukwakheka, imiba ulwimi ngqondweni.
• Ukuphuhlisa imbono zemibongo, imvo ubuhle, ukukwazi ukuqonda imveliso kwi wokuhlangana umxholo wayo kunye sonority, isingqisho, umculo, izibongo. Oku ngakumbi umbongo kuluncedo (malunga ekwindla, ehlotyeni, entwasahlobo, nasebusika, izilwanyana, abantu abadala, abantwana, njalo-njalo. D.), Nangona esibonakala la malungiselelo kunye amabali, kunye iintsomi, kunye namabali ezincinane.
• Hlakulela ukunambitheka loncwadi kunye nesakhono ukuze zifake, ukuqonda i isimo isithuba.
• Hlakulela umdla imisebenzi ubuchule yoncwadi, ukunika ulwazi ezibophelelayo okubhalwe kule ncwadi ubize yona impendulo iimvakalelo.

Kutheni inkqubo kubalulekile kubazali?

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, ukuqhelanisa abantwana kunye eyinyani kufuneka ngokubonakalayo inxaxheba kunye nabazali, kuba xa engqondweni yomntwana ulwazi kunye nokwenziwa kwe wazazi entsha kuphela ukuba utitshala ngamnye, oku kunokukhokelela kwixesha elizayo nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Eqhelekileyo "umqeqeshi" aya kuhamba ngamandla, yaye iya endaweni-ntsapho, apho entsha umfundi inokuba alilunganga. Yenza maladjustment, ukuba bamelane nomntwana, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima. Kulo mzekelo, kukho umngcipheko wokuba imfuneko kunyango ingcali langoku - yezengqondo eyabonakala kuba nako ukusombulula iingxaki kuphela. Kungenxa yoko le nto abazali bobabini neempelesi esisigxina umntwana ngendlela ekhulisa abachaphazelekayo kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba ebomini bakhe kwaye ukuyilwa ngokuthe ngcembe njengabafundi.

Zintoni ekufuneka ndiziqondile xa bekhetha iincwadi?

Zikwi iqela wokulungiselela - ukuba yinxalenye yale nkqubo, nto leyo kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke iimbono zobunkokeli, iimbono ngqo katitshala-womntwana, kwakunye nabazali. Apha, ngokuchaseneyo kwiprogram yesikolo, apho abasebenzi kuwo onke amanqanaba i ghost engabonakaliyo ilawula imfuneko ukugcina phakathi kwixesha lonyaka ngamaqashiso kunye nexesha yokugubungela umbandela, yonke into lula kakhulu. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba ukukhetha eziphathekayo ukuba banike "nakanjani". Ngokwahlukileyo koko, wonke umsebenzi kufuneka baqinisekise ngokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi ngokwasengqondweni, yokuziphatha nobugcisa. Isifundo yoncwadi kwiqela wokulungiselela belisoloko ubeke phambili incwadi:

• Kuye noqhelaniso yembono leyo iyahambelana na neenjongo ngakwicala imfundo yokuziphatha, ifaka i uthando ezweni, ndoda, indalo. Njengoko umlinganiswa ophambili ligorha kunye neempawu ezintle yokuziphatha.
• It ebonakala ubuciko eliphezulu nexabiso ezoncwadi, ethe yabonakalisa phambi imodeli lolwimi loncwadi kunye ubukho umsebenzi ukumanyana umxholo kunye nefomu. A Umzekelo okumangalisayo - Pushkin abantwana kunye iintsomi, apho ilizwi kukodwa nje ubugcisa.
• Sombulula iinjongo ezithile zokufundisa. Umzekelo, ahlanganise ulwazi lamagama, abalinganiswa, ababhali Unokude umzobi wemifanekiso, iphuhlisa ukucinga ngobuchule, ukuyila, inkumbulo, ulwimi, njalo-njalo. D.
• Luchazwa ngokuba umbono ekhoyo-for-ephakadeni lasephakadeni efanelekileyo kunye neempawu nangokwasengqondweni kuphuhliso, amava ubomi babantwana malunga nemidla yabo.
• Kuye ibali eyonwabisayo, ukucaca lula uqulungqo. Umzekelo, i-Hans Christian Andersen nentsomi esimthandayo abantwana namhlanje, hayi cluttering imisebenzi yakhe ilenze ezibalisayo nitshintshane. Xa "Thumbelina" kwaye sibona imimangaliso kunye adventures ukuba nokuphuhlisa kumana linearly, edidekile mntwana.

imisebenzi yamaqela

Ngokusekelwe kule milinganiselo elapha ngasentla, amaqela zilandelayo iimveliso zobugcisa ahluka kumaqela ngoku amalungiselelo amaziko zabasakhasayo emfundo, ezizezi:

1. Imisebenzi ye lwemveli Russian kunye vutshila izizwe zehlabathi. Ngokwemveli, kugxininiswa kakhulu esebenzayo kwiifomu ezincinane iintsomi, oko kukuthi, izafobe, amazwi, amaqhina, izicengcelezo nursery, iingoma, iintsomi, Pestushko, iziqhulo, turncoats, kodwa ikhredithi ngenxa kwisihloko uhlobo abantwana abaninzi oyintanda kunye nabo, babelane ngantsomi.
2. Imisebenzi ye ezakudala Russian kunye angaphandle koncwadi abantwana.
3. Imisebenzi ye iincwadi Russian angaphandle lwanamhlanje.

Utitshala-zootitshala - isikhonkwane oluphambili, umququzeleli kunye umnxibelelanisi ukufunda

Utitshala kufuneka silibale ukuba ixesha loncwadi ubuntwana ihlaziywa rhoqo zezinto ezintsha. Yiyo ke loo nto kuye njengentloko yale nkqubo lukhuselwe esiya kwenza izinto ezibalulekileyo - oko kukuthi, familiarization kunye ubuchule ongenalusini lwemveliso ezintsha ze-ababhali, uhlaziyo imiqathango abantwana ukufunda, ukukhutshelwa ngaphandle kulo yeemveliso lixesha ayoyakho awungeni ndawo, kunye nokongeza ezintsha, oludlamkileyo, ephila, umdla kubantwana benkulungwane xxi. Le umkhapheli ofanelekileyo kufuneka bakwazi ukumelana abantwana iindlela ngeendlela, ubuchule kunye nezixhobo, ezizezi:

• udliwano-ndlebe;
• izinto zokufunda ngamazwi;
• Ukuchazwa;
• ukufunda imizwa;
• kumabala emidlalo umdlalo-kulingisa;
• umdlalo yayisetyenziselwa ngamazwi;
• semvelo mvelo;
• ukulungiselela ubuchule elula;
• ukuqhuba ukuhlaziywa;
• uyilo mboniso, incwadi lembombo;
• ukubonisa izinto engumzekelo Izikim enemfundiso kunye t. d.

Iintlobo, iincwadi, kunye imisebenzi alize ononyawo

Nangona isibakala sokuba ayisekho uluhlu lweemveliso ingqesho jikelele kwiqela wokulungiselela, ungenza uluhlu kakhulu ekucetyiswa ziingcali ze ekufundiseni isayensi nokuziqhelanisa iincwadi, reference apho, kunye nabantwana uthole soze kuya sokuchitha. Ezi ziquka:

• Songs. Umzekelo: "Ekuqaleni-ekuseni ..." "Indlela malunga uqweqwe obhityileyo ngumkhenkce ...", "Vesnyanka" kwi unyango boncwadi kaMnu Litvak, "Buckwheat wahlamba" kwi unyango imifanekiso uY Grigoriev kunye nabanye Zaklichki - umzekelo. "imvula, imvula, fun."
• Russian intsomi "I Fox kunye nomphanda" kwi unyango OA Kapitsa, "Havroshechka" kwi ukunyanga A. N. Tolstogo, "Finist - nesangxa ecacileyo", "Hare-Bouncer" kunye nabanye.
• indalo zesihobe: .. Imisebenzi ye A. Fet, S. Marshak, D. kulimaza, B. Zakhoder, Turgenev, Esenin, njl Yintoni na le fom kakhulu inceda umntwana kweli phakade nokumisa ulwazi? Kakade ke, lo mbongo! Malunga ekwindla ( "Ukwindla, ulifefe yonke igadi yethu amahlwempu ..." A. K. Tolstogo, esishwankathelweyo), ebusika kunye nezinye namaxesha, malunga iziganeko ezingqonge, ngabantu - abantwana kweminyaka esi-7 ubudala akakwazi ukufunda, ukuqonda ukunkqaya, kodwa kuphela kuhlalutywa imveliso kwinqanaba lokuqala.
• iprozi Literata: amabali Tolstoy, umzekelo, isitshixo i "Bone", "Tsiba", ezinye izahluko "Huck kunye Chuck" A. Gaidar, encinane ifomu kodwa nehlekisayo kakhulu imisebenzi abantwana B. Dragoon, oko kukuthi, "umhlobo ebuntwaneni" "phezulu phantsi obliquely" et al., L. Panteleeva mjikelo "Amabali unomatse Tamarochka" kunye like.
• Tales.

Umzekelo, Pushkin ngenxa yabantwana bakhe abaziwayo "Tale of Tsar Saltan, koNyana wakhe namadoda ophum anamandla Prince Guidon Saltanoviche kunye Swan Nkosazana entle". Bazhov, V. Bianchi ( "Owl", njl) - zonke ezi ababhali, naye umntwana kufuneka nazo esikolweni kufutshane elizayo. Hans Christian Andersen nentsomi into ababevela iinkumbulo lombhali lobutsha bakhe ebuntwaneni. Ngoko ke, inyathelo esifanelekileyo ukuze uqalise indalo yazo ukususela iqela wokulungiselela labantwana, ezintle ubudala banikwa entle appropriate material.