Baphi na kwiintaba Cordillera? Cordillera Mountains: Inkcazo

Cordillera - iintaba, inkqubo enkulu leyo iquka ilayini elisentshona ilizwekazi North America. Bona ndasolula malunga 7 amawaka. Km. Cordillera - iintaba, ezininzi ezahlukeneyo iimeko zendalo. A Inani iimpawu, ukuba luphawulwa, kwaye sichaza lwabo phakathi kwezinye iinkqubo entabeni planethi.

iimpawu Jikelele Cordilleras

Baphi na kwiintaba Cordillera? Okungcono awabonisi kwindawo submeridional indlela. Phakathi iibhanti ezintlanu orotektonicheskih abakubudala ezahlukeneyo kwasekwa le ntaba. Cordilleras iqanjwa esisixa ebalulekileyo kule nduli (amawaka 2,5-3. Zokulinganisa okanye ngaphezulu ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle). Baye mlilo esebenzayo kunye seismicity eliphezulu. Ubude enkulu ezintabeni ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi ekhokelwa ukuba ubukho nobuninzi spectra lwemimandla altitudinal. Cordillera - ezintabeni, kwenziwa isiphambuka phakathi amacwecwe lithospheric. Umda phakathi kwabo phantse ingqamana umgca elunxwemeni.

Ukubunjwa Cordilleras

Isahlulo sesithathu indawo lonke eli lizwekazi ubambe inkqubo intaba oluphindwe-block. Kuye ububanzi 800-1600 km. Kumafa yayo ibandakanya umhlaba ntaba, sizizifanya intermountain, nasentshonalanga agudle mlilo kunye neentaba. deformation Young, umsebenzi mlilo, siye unenzondelelo denudation le Cordillera, apho wagqiba imbonakalo yazo ngoku uzifihle emininzi bezakhelo zomhlaba uvele ekuqaleni. inkqubo ntaba owahlukeneyo kakhulu zombini ezinqamlezayo nolwalathiso longitudinal.

Iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga isakhiwo Cordilleras

Isakhiwo umphezulu azilingani belizwekazi, apho ezintabeni Cordillera. Asezikhundleni inxalenye wasentshona, empumalanga - iintaba phantsi kunye namathafa enkulu. Inxalenye lasentshonalanga ibekwe kwintaba ephakame malunga 1,700 eemitha, kunye empuma - iimitha 200-300 720 meters ukuphakama avareji belizwekazi ..

Cordillera - ezintabeni, ukuba kumafa wayo inani jike yentaba yandisa ngokubanzi ngendlela ukusuka emntla ukuya mpuma. Kwidolophu Mackenzie, XP. Brooks, ngasempumalanga Rocky Mountains iqulathe arc. ibhanti uveza wabumba ukusuka kwihewu ngaphakathi ihewu ibekwe ukuya entshona ezi parameter. amawaka 1-2. seemitha ukuphakama kwawo. Cordillera - iintaba, kuquka mathafa elandelayo ihewu: Plateau Yukon, Columbia Plateau kunye Plateau of British Columbia, i Basin Great, Colorado Plateau, lehewu litshabalale ihewu mlilo le Meseta Central (ingxenye engaphakathi). Isikakhulu ke alternating kwimigongxo, nasentshonalanga kwaye iflethi imiphezulu canteens.

Le ntaba ephakeme

Cordillera inxalenye yasentshona nkqubo ephawulwe nakummango aphezulu. Le Aleutian Range, Ridge Aleutian Islands, Alaska Range. Last ufikelela ukuphakama kuyimitha 6193. It McKinley eboniswe kwifoto ngentla intaba kakhulu. Cordillera - nkqubo, equka osentshona kunye Cascade Mountains, Coast Mountains of Canada, Sierra Madre Occidental kunye Sierra Nevada, kwakunye ezinqamlezayo mlilo Sierra ukusuka apha ibekwe lo mlilo Orizaba (5,700 meters), kunye nabanye.

Ngasentshonalanga, ukuphakama lifinyele ngabo. Cordillera - iintaba, yona kakuhle waya inxalenye caba belizwekazi. ukuthatha ngasentshona okanye zokupaka (California, Puget Sound, Cook) okanye plain (Central Valley, River Valley. Willamette). Le lizwekazi beach wambumba nasentshonalanga St. Elias, Chugachskim, Kenai, Island Ridge Canada, kwaye US Coast Range. Cordillera chain emazantsi kwiinduli Mexico bifurcate. East Obazukisayo ke kubo, ukwakha iziqithi eWest Indies emikhulu ngwenya, koko uya Venezuela Andes. Isiqingatha sesibini enziwe ngayo iPanama Teuantepeksky iintamo ukuba Colombian Andes.

Noko iindidi Indawo ye ezintabeni?

It is ezinxulumene neendawo eminyaka yobudala ahlukeneyo-mhlaba, ngokunjalo imbali yabo yophuhliso. Akukho kanye kwasekwa ngohlobo olulo ngoku nezwe. ezintabeni Cordillera ngohlobo olulo ngoku kwavela ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, kwenzeka ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kwilizwekazi.

Kuba Laurentian inkangala, bagxumeka izakhiwo kakhulu zejoloji, enendawo ilungelelanise umphezulu ezenziwa, ukuyilwa eziqale ekuqaleni Paleozoic. indawo lihlangana kwabangela ukumelana eyahlukeneyo mihla phezulu ukuze ngamatye denudation kunye nentshukumo ezimagqagala ziitectonic plates. Ukuhlisa i ngundoqo mmandla kwakhokelela ingqokelela glaciation koqeqesho, ngenxa apho kwasekwa eyombiwe mihla Hudson Bay. Ngaphezu koko, phantsi kwempembelelo kwayo kwakukho sibe namanzi kunye glacial gquma intlenga uMyili uhlobo isiqabu (gquma onduli).

Omkhulu kunye Valley Central zi ludidi lwe ndawo. Phantsi yempembelelo iinkqubo denudation kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke iimpawu ingenzeka yamatye ezahlukeneyo, nakummango cuesta wambumba (i Lakes Omkhulu), waphumela lehewu (i Amathafa Omkhulu), neKwaZulu, nezihlambo ukhukuliseko (Ouachita, Ozark).

Kunzima kakhulu ngokuma kunye Cordilleras ngokwabo. Band ucinezelo ye kwesikhoko kunqunyulwa iziphene ezininzi, ukuqala ukusuka emgangathweni lwaselwandle iphela phezu komhlaba. Ayikenziwa ukugqiba iinkqubo orogenic. Oku kungqinwa mlilo (umzekelo, Popocatepetl kunye Orizaba), kwakunye iinyikima ezinamandla ukuba kwenzeka apha ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha.

minerals

Njengoko usazi, oluninzi kwezimbiwa ezahlukeneyo inokufumaneka naphi na apho kukho iintaba. Cordillera - akukho ngaphandle. Kukho zigcine zesinyithi non-ayoni kunye ayoni. Non-ebuntsimbi ziyakwazi ukuchongeka ioli, nto leyo ibekwe nezitya zokutshiza intermountain. Oovimba lignite zikummandla Rocky Intaba (kwimigongxo zabo ngaphakathi).

sezulu

Uphawu imozulu iya kuqhubeka inkcazelo ezintabeni. Cordillera iqhubekela kolwandle moya iindimbane. Ngenxa yoku, impembelelo yolwandle ukuba buthathaka kakhulu kwicala lasempuma. Olu phawu imozulu le Cordillera kubonakaliswe emhlabeni nezihluma, uphuhliso glaciation mihla, kwimimandla altitudinal. Ukuzolula ukusuka emantla ukuya iintaba lasezantsi limisela umahluko ubushushu ehlotyeni nasebusika. Ebusika isusela ku -24 ° C (in kummandla Alaska) ukuya +24 ° C (Mexico, kumazantsi eli lizwe). Ehlotyeni ubushushu ifikelela ukusuka +4 ukuya +20 ° C.

imvula

In emantla-ntshona uwa imvula phezulu kakhulu. Isibakala sokuba le yinxalenye Cordillera kubekwe endleleni imimoya ntshonalanga ukuvuthela kwi-Pacific Ocean. Imvula apha - malunga 3000 mm. Ingaba ezinezinga ngaphantsi emanzi yimvula, njengoko khona umoya yolwandle musa ukufikelela kuzo. imvula Low lichaza yangoku ebandayo eliqukuqela kude nonxweme. ezisezintabeni Cordillera lwangaphakathi nazo kakhulu utyebile. Mountains ibekwe ngaphakathi ngokulinganisela nemozulu Arctic, nefumileyo yaye emvula.

Imilambo namachibi ye Cordillera

Inxalenye enkulu lwemilambo wentshona lizwekazi imvelaphi yayo ngqo kwi Cordilleras. Ikakhulu ukudla kwabo ikhephu iqhwa ehlotyeni iza onogumbe. Ezi imilambo entabeni, sisingxami. I inkulu of them - Colorado kunye Columbia. Glacial okanye imvelaphi mlilo, amachibi Cordillera. On Amathafa emhlabeni saline Amanzi nzulu. Ku iintsalela ziye kudala zikho apha ngexesha imozulu imanzi, amachibi ezinkulu.

umhlaba emifuno

flora ezahlukeneyo kakhulu Cordillera. woods Coniferous ongathi yimbonakalo ekhethekileyo ibekwe ukuya ku-40 ° c. w. Ukwakheka iintlobo, bazizityebi kakhulu. Msipres, nemisipres, msipres, thuja (ngumsedare ebomvu) abamele ezithile zazo. Height conifer laliziimitha 80. Phakathi kwabo cishe akukho undergrowth yokutheza okukhulu. Noko ke, iintlobo ngeentlobo Imithana ekhula apha eninzi. Abantu abaninzi cover olingana ubulembu kunye kumila. Kumahlathi coniferous xa babehamba ezantsi ukuqala kuwa nompleyini iswekile, umsipres emhlophe, pine ebengezelayo. Ukubiya umsequoia ivela emazantsi ngakumbi. Njengoko kome ° 42 ukuya ezantsi. w., amatyholo endaweni ihlathi. Bathi konwele, UHeather, nokuphakama yabo kaninzi ngaphezu kweemitha ezimbini. Apha uyakwazi maxa wambi ukufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo oki evergreen. Ukufuma sezulu kwiindawo ngaphakathi kwi Cordillera kunciphisa. Ngokuba nabo uphawu amahlathi owomileyo, kwakunye neendawo halophytic kunye sagebrush entlango. Ukwamkela amathambeka kwemvula yeentaba ziyabandakanywa ukuya kubude 1200 zamahlathi m, ndimkhathalela.

Izilwanyana ezihlala kwiintaba Cordillera

Apho indawo iintaba Cordillera, unako ukufumana esintsundu ibhere Grizzly - utshaba enkulu ilizwekazi North America. Nikela ibhere abamnyama baseMelika, ukuba uboya elide emnyama, ohlala kumzantsi-ntshona yale nkqubo. Yena utshabalalisa iinkomo ezonakalisa izityalo. Kwakhona, kukho lynxes ezininzi, Iimpungutye zinemingxuma kweengcuka. Xa iindawo akumazantsi zeentaba amaninzi zifumaneka arthropods, amacilikishe, iinyoka. Ukongeza, akuhlali gila - untulo legless inobuhlungu kuphela. izilwanyana ezinkulu kwiindawo apho abantu bahlala, okanye abulawe, okanye zinqabile kakhulu. Inyathi kunye pronghorn (njengeula kunqabile ziyenzeka) agcinwa kuphela amandla kwiinkqubo zesizwe North American. nga kuphela koovimba nibonwe namhlanje zasendle luninzi.