Jan van Eyck: imifanekiso kunye biography

Wonk 'umntu, nokuba kude kakhulu yobuciko, ubuncinane kanye ebomini bam weva gama: Jan van Eyck. Imizobo zakhe ngokuba ayibobuchule ogqibeleleyo nokukhethwa imibala, sebali kunye ngokoqobo. Bangakwazi lula zinokuhonjiswa yingqokelela le ilungileyo, kunye nabantu abane ubungcali ukupeyinta, bathi canvases le womzobi zizaliswe kunye nentsingiselo efihlakeleyo kunye mfihlelo, ukuba ufuna ukusombulula intsinda-badala.

Ibrashi isuntswana yingqondi

igcisa Outstanding wahlala kwaye wasebenza ekuqaleni Northern Renaissance. Jan van Eyck, ogama imizobo nga kufundwa iiyure, wazalwa eNetherlands (ngoku kwidolophu Maaseik imi e Belgium) ekupheleni kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesine. Ku kuphela emva esungula umkhwa omtsha yokudweba nova art, kwaye wamfundisa izisekelo umzalwana Hubert, eyaziwa kule kwizangqa abantu abayithandayo ya vutshila. Malunga imfundo elungileyo Jana nga angagwebi mibhalo, waza washiya phezu imisebenzi yakhe. La ngamazwi ka lweenkobe Flemish, isiFrentshi, isiGrike, isiLatini, isiHebhere. Kwaye ke umzobi uhlawule ingqalelo enkulu iinkcukacha, enika ilungelo ukugweba ukuqatshelwa nengqondo usiko van Eyck.

Ngokomthetho phakathi nokuphila kwakhe

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Jan van Eyck, ogama imizobo ayengathandwa abantu kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ananye, waza waba lithandwa phakathi kwabantu bexesha lakhe. Ngowe-1422 wasebenza kwinkundla kaYohane yaseBavaria kwi The Hague, apho owafunda ukupeyinta amagumbi amahle. Noko ke, engafakwanga akukho msebenzi. Le wizard koko wafudukela eFlanders yangena inkonzo iNkosana iBurgundy, owenze iminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu.

Filipp Dobry wanika umzobi rhoqo lamaphulo efihlakeleyo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuzithemba enkulu luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi ukuya opeyintayo. Waza ke ngobubele wamnika izipho wegcisa kunye neentlawulo ngemali okuqinileyo. Egameni efanayo Filippa Yan wathabatha inxaxheba mission ePortugal, enjongo yayo yaba umtshato phakathi luKhuphiswano lweTshawe neTshawekazi ngumhlolokazi yaye Princess Isabella. Ngaxeshanye kunye umsebenzi kwinkundla Jan van Eyck wenza odolo ezivela amabandla nezigodlo.

Amagcisa kunye nabavelisi zimvo

Yintoni enye into eyaziwayo Jan van Eyck (imifanekiso kunye namagama siye adweliswe kweli nqaku)? Isibakala sokuba abaninzi bathi kuye Umsunguli ipeyinti ioli popularizer sobugcisa yokudweba oyile kwi World Endala. Enyanisweni, inkosi kuphela ubenze bagqibelela yokwenza imibala ezinjalo, ngokuzenza zibe ngokukhawuleza-nokubanika ubuchule emalifakwe ngokwemaleko eziliqela (kuquka ngaphaya). Kuba kwabonakala ukuba canvases zakhe ngokungathi ovuthayo ngaphakathi.

Umsebenzi idumileyo

Abaninzi babhalela Jan Van Eyck ukupeyinta. "Madonna ebandleni" - enye imisebenzi yokuqala, oko kwenziwe ubuchule khosi emva komnye ipeyinti ioli phezu likhazimlisiwe udaka emhlophe primer, lacquered. Ngoko ke, oko isiphumo ezahlukeneyo emangalisayo i chweba lwangaphakathi. umzobo Small ichaza Virgin uMariya usana uYesu kwisakhiwo ecaweni. Xa wommameli asinamathinzi yesikhomokazi i Madonna, entloko kuye wazihombisa ibiza isithsaba. Yang usukela imibimbi kwi eneenkcukacha kakhulu impahla, ukuhonjiswa isithsaba, ngaphakathi etempileni, lomdlalo yokukhanya kunye nesithunzi. Okwangoku, le wobugcisa igcinwe eRoma.

Wabhala Jan Van Eyck ukupeyinta, leyo zisenokubonakala engaqhelekanga. Ithi ngoko njenge womzobo "Le Portrait Arnolfini" (1434). Ekuqaleni, oku umzobo eqhelekileyo wendoda nomfazi ngexesha lomtshato wabo. Kodwa akukho Amehlo umgangatho umtyikityo ngumzobi kwindawo esemboniselweni, izicaphulo ubomi bukaKristu esipilini, omnye kuphela yekhandlela abo batshatayo njalo njalo. Kulo mfanekiso kukho inani elikhulu loonobumba ezahlukeneyo: i orenji kumela ubutyebi, inja - ukunyaniseka, amakhandlela - zonke-ukubona iliso kunye nokukhanya kaKristu. Namhlanje lo msebenzi igcinwe kwi-National Gallery eLondon.

Yintoni wadala kumzobo Jan van Eyck? Iifoto abathile kubo ungabona kwinqaku:

• "EGhent Altarpiece", ebhalwe 1432 kunye nomzalwana wakhe.
• "UTimoti" (1432).
• "I-Virgin of Chancellor Rolin" (1436).
• "Portrait Yomntu kunye Carnation '(1435).
• "Saint uBarbara" (1437) kunye nabanye.

ngomzobi Zizonke wadalwa malunga nekhulu imisebenzi kwimixholo zonqulo, kunye eni abaninzi. Imizobo yakhe ukutsala amehlo, elubengezelo yangaphakathi ubuciko ecikizekileyo, ephethwe yi Velikiy Yan van Eyck. Akumangalisi kucingwa enye abazobi kakhulu ehlabathini, yingqondi brush ngokwenene.