Iimpawu zoqoqosho lwangoku lweRashiya. Ukutshiza kwixesha elizayo

Iimeko zangoku zorhwebo azizange zivele ngaphandle, kodwa kwaba ngumphumo wokungatshintshi ngokugqithiseleyo ukusuka kummandla wolawulo-umyalelo kumzekelo wemarike. Ngenxa yokunyamekela, kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela ukuba kwakunzima ukuguqulela i-locomotive enkulu kunye engabonakaliyo kwezinye iindlela. Oku kuphawulekayo koqoqosho lwamaRashiya yanamhlanje, okulula ukutshintsha imodeli yoqoqosho yophuhliso, umzekelo, iCzech Republic okanye iLithuania, kunye nentsimi yabo kunye ne-GDP, kunokukwenza eRussia.

Ubomi bufuna utshintsho

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwee-1990, i-GDP yaseRashiya iye yehla ngokunyuka. Ukususela kumashishini aseburhulumenteni, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali aluzange luzaliswe. Kwakukho ukuthumela ngaphandle kwemali ephesheya. Kwexesha elithile, ukuhla kwehla kwanciphise ukuhla kwexabiso labantu abahlala kulo - ukusuka kwiminyaka ye-90 ukuya kweyesi-92. Ukuncipha kokusebenza kwezoqoqosho kwakungekho ngamandla.

Ngexesha elifanayo, iimpawu zoqoqosho lwamaRashiya yanamhlanje zinjalo ukuba xa sithatha i-GDP ye-1990 njengendlela yokubeka uphawu, ngoko-ke ngo-2011 uye wakhula kathathu. Nangona ukusukela ngo-1990 ukuya ku-1999 kukho ukuhla kwehla ngonyaka ukusuka kwi-12% ukuya kwi-33%, kwaye ukuya kwinqanaba lika-1990 safika kuphela ngo-2004.

Ikamva elikhanyayo lifikile

Ukukhula kwangempela kwaqala ngo-2005. Kwaye iimpawu zophuhliso loqoqosho lwangoku lweRashiya ziquka ukuba ngaphambi kowe-1998 kwakunokwakhiwa phantsi kwe-IMF. Izixhobo eziphambili zokulawula imeko kwiingcebiso zale ntlangano ehloniphekileyo yile:

• Ukulwa nokunyuka kwemali - ukunciphisa imali yokunikezelwa kwemali (ukungaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana neembopheleleko kwimibutho yebhajethi, engekho ukuhlawulwa kwemivuzo, ipensheni, njl.);
• Ukuphononongwa kwe-ruble (eyenza iimveliso zasekhaya ezingabikho kukhuphiswano);
• Ukuxhaswa kwemali yebhajethi yelizwe ngokukhupha i-T-bills (umgaqo-mboleko welizwe, ezinye iziqinisekiso zoburhulumente). Ingqungquthela yokukhululwa yafika ngo-1998, kunokuba iphelile - siyazi;
• Iirhafu eziphezulu.

Izinga lokunyuka kwamaxabiso liye lahla (kodwa kwindleko, kuya kucaca ukuba iifowuni zeembali zamanani zibekwe ngokulandelayo kwiminyaka efanayo). Kwaye ngo-1999, ukusuka kwindawo ephantsi kakhulu ye-GDP, ukukhula konyaka okuzinzile kwaqala. Emva kokungagqibekanga, utshintsho lukaRhulumente kunye nobunkokheli beBhanki Ephakathi liguqule umgaqo-nkqubo wezoqoqosho. Ezi ziganeko zathonya iimpawu zoqoqosho lwamaRashiya yanamhlanje. Kwafuneka ndiqale kwakhona.

Ukuqhayisa imarike

Ukutshintshwa kwimeko yemarike ye-ruble kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwayo, okubeka umlimi wasekhaya kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zoqoqosho lwangoku lweRashiya zakha umdlalo-mali lwangaphandle, zenze utyalo-mali kwiinkunzi zekhaya ezizuzisa abashishini bezoshishino. Ngethuba le minyaka iimeko ze-Western neengxaki zelizwe zakha izityalo eRashiya.

Umthwalo werhafu wancitshiswa , inani leerhafu lancitshiswa. Ngo-2002, ukuthengwa nokuthengiswa komhlaba wezolimo kwagunyazwa. Ezi ziimpawu zoqoqosho lweemarike zaseRashiya zanamhlanje, eziye zaqinisekisa ukukhula kwe-GDP kunye nokwanda kwecandelo langempela. Ngonyaka ka-2007, ukukhula kwe-GDP okwakubaluleke kakhulu kufikelele kwiminyaka engama-20 edluleyo.

Ukunikezelwa kwezi mpawu zoqoqosho lweRussia lwangoku, iingcali zaseGoldman Sachs zithi iRashiya kwiminyaka engama-20 ezayo ingadlulela amazwe aphesheya aseYurophu kuzo zonke izikhokelo zoqoqosho. Khumbula ukuba i-GS - ibhanki enkulu, inxalenye yenkcazo yeDow Jones.