Inqaba yaseVincennes: imbali kunye neefoto

Abafaki bezakhiwo zamandulo, abalandeli beFransi nabalwazi beembali akufanele baphoswe ithuba lokutyelela iNqaba yeVincennes - ibrome engafani nenye na eParis, kodwa igcina izifihla ezininzi zobukhosi. Yintoni eyahlula lo lwakhiwo lokwakheka kuzo zonke, abaninzi baya kubuza. Ngokuthelekisana namanye amaqonga aseFransi, ngoko ke enhle kwaye elula ekubonakalisweni kwawo, iVincennes, ngokuchaseneyo, ibonakala ibuhlungu kakhulu, ididekile. Akumangalisi, kuba unembali enzima ngokwenene.

Indawo yeNqaba yaseVincennes

Iinqaba zisezidolophini zaseParis, idolophana yaseVincennes, ephindwe ngamamitha angama-300 kwintshona yeCateau de Vincennes kwisikhululo sesithili kunye neekhilomitha ezili-8 kumzantsi-mpuma weSiqithi saseCité. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, ngokungafani nabanye, inqaba yaseVincennes yakhiwa kwintsimi ephantsi. Kwaye umlambo, owawunomqobo wokungena kwimikhosi yeentshaba, wagcwala umlambo, kuba kwakungekho milambo kufuphi. Ngexesha leMinyaka Ephakathi, amahlathi akhula kule ndawo, ukuze iinqaba zijikelezwe yimithi evela kumacala onke. Kuze kube ngoku, akunakwenzeka.

Inkcazo yenqaba

Yinqaba enkulu enesigxina esingenasigxina, isigxina esakhiweyo ngendlela yesikwere kunye nemibhozo emithathu ejikelezayo kwiindonga zeendonga zenkqantosi ezi-6 m ububanzi. Bonke baxhotyiswe ngegalari yokujonga. Inqaba yaseVincennes ayinakunakwenzeka. Yinqaba eneendonga ezinkulu ezi-3 ubude obude kwaye ziphantse ezi-12 ziphezulu, zihambelana ngokupheleleyo neDonjon. Yaye le mibala iboniswa ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ubunzulu bomsele. Kuphela ezi-6, kodwa kuthathwa njengesi-5 nje kuphela, ekubeni eli lilandelayo liyingcinci kakhulu ngokumalunga nokunye. Kodwa ke kukho imbono enhle yendawo ejikelezile.

Ekuqaleni, iinqaba zeendonga zenkqantosi zaziphakamileyo kakhulu, kodwa kamva zachithwa. Kwaye kwakukule fomu apho isakhiwo saphila khona namhlanje. Umqolo ongasemgangathweni wesigodlo yikholam, ephethe iindawo zokuhlala ezihlanu. Ngoku kutshanje, wasinda ekuhlaziyweni ukuze kuqiniswe, ngaphandle kokuba yintoni isakhiwo esongelwa ukuwa. Kucingwa ukuba kwiindonga zangaphakathi zenkampu kwakukho umzobo.

Inqaba yaseVincennes: umlando wemvelaphi

"Ubomi" benkqantosi luqala ngokukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esingalunganga esabonwa namhlanje, kunye nendlu encinci yokuzingela, eyakhiwe phakathi kwekhulu le-12 ngokulandelwa kukaLouis VII (oLutsha). Akumangalisi ukuba, ukumkani wanyula le ndawo, kuba kwi-Middle Ages kwakukho ihlathi elihle, elityebileyo. Emva koko kwafika inqaba, eyenzeka kakade kwi-XIII leminyaka, xa uFilipu uAgasto noLouis ongcwele belawula . Ukuba uzigqiba kwiimbali, unokufumanisa ukuba kwakuvela kwinqaba leyo inkosi yaseFransi yahamba ngohambo lwakhe lokugqibela - uMnqamlezo, apho azange abuye khona.

Ngokusondele kwiXesti yeXIV, inqaba yaseVincennes yayisetyenziselwa indawo yeziganeko eziqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, apha uFilipu III watshata, kwaye iminyaka eyi-10 emva kwakhe, ngo-1284, noFilipu IV. Kodwa kungekhona nje iziganeko eziqingqiweyo eziye zabanjwa apha. Ngo-1316, uLouis X wasweleka enqabeni, iminyaka emithandathu kamva - uFilipu V, kwaye emva kwexesha elifanayo - uCharles IV.

Kodwa inqaba ayifi. Kwaye sele sele ngo-1337 uKumkani uFilipu IV unike umyalelo malunga nesidingo sokuyiqinisa, ngenjongo yokuba i-donjon yakhelwe, emva koko ikhuselwe iindonga zayo. Uzalelwe enqabeni yaseCharles V (Uhlakaniphile) uhlala apho, enze ukwakhiwa kwakhe yokuhlala, ngokubhekiselele kukho udonga olunamandla elinomlinganiselo ongaphezulu kweekhilomitha eneesibhozo ezithandathu kunye namasango amathathu. Kodwa loo projekthi ayikwazanga ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke ukwakhiwa kwadlulileyo izizukulwana ezi-2. Emva koko, ukwakhiwa kweKhe engcwele uCapella iqala, kwaye umbusi olandelayo, uLouis XI, uhamba esuka emgodini ukuya kwisakhiwo esasodongeni lweqonga.

ULouis XIV wahamba ngakumbi - wayala umakhi ukuba adibanise amaphiko adibeneyo phambi kweyadi. Bobabini babehlotshiswe ngesitayela seklasi, kodwa enye yayingowokumkanikazi, enye enye enkosini. Emva koko iVincennes Castle (eParis) yayiyindawo yesithathu ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlala, kodwa sele sele i-1670 i-Sun King yafudukela eVersailles. Inqaba yaseVincennes yalahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wayo.

Ingozi yenkqantosi kulo lonke ubukho balo kuze kube namhlanje

Kwaye xa uLouis XIV ehlala enqabeni, umgodla waba yintolongo yintolongo, kodwa yayingeyona elula, kodwa kubanjwe amabanjwa azukileyo. Abanye babo bavunyelwe ukuthutha abakhonzi kunye nabafazi kwi-castle kunye nabo, ngoko ukuhlala kweentolongo kungabizwa ngaphezu kokukhululekile. Ngokomzekelo, isazi sefilosofi esaziwayo kunye nesibongozi seVoltaire kunye noMarquis de Sade owayengumlindi wayekhonza ixesha lawo apho.

Xa uSango uKumkani ehambela eVersailles, i-donjon yaqhubeka ihlala entolongweni, nangona emva kokuba ifemu yokuvelisa i-porcelain ihleli apho ngekhulu le-18. Ukufakwa kokuzingela, apho imbali yale ndawo iqhuma khona, iphelile ukuba kuphela ngo-1796, emva kokuzalwa kwakhona kwinqaba kwi-arsenal. Ngelo xesha, iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zomkhosi zaqala ukuvela. Ngendlela, bayabonwa namhlanje, ekubeni izakhiwo zigcinwe kakuhle kwaye zingatshatyalaliswa.

Ngowe-1804, umquba wenkqantosi ujongwa yiziganeko ezigazini - kuyo, ngemiyalelo kaNapoleon, yedwa unyana kaPrince Conde waseBourbon, ubuDuke wase-Enghien, wadutshulwa. Kwaye ngo-1917 uMahala Mata owaziwayo wathi ukuhamba kwindawo yakhe kwindawo enye. Namhlanje, iNqaba yeVincennes, umfanekiso oboniswa kwinqaku, iyimyuziyamu evuleleke kuwo wonke umntu.

Intsimi yenkampu yaseVincennes

Ukusuka ehlathini, xa sele kunzima, kuphela isincinane encinane. Ukongeza kwi-donjon, i-Holy Capella kunye nezakhiwo zempi, ngoku kukho uphando kunye namaziko okugcinwa kwirekhodi kummandla:

• Inkonzo Yembali yoBulungiseleli boKhuseleko.
• ICandelo loPhando lweMbali yoKhuselo kaZwelonke.
• IKomishoni yokuHlanganisa, intloko yomsebenzi wokubuyisela.

Inqaba yaseVincennes: njani ukufika apho?

Indlela elula kakhulu iphantsi komhlaba. Isiteshi se-metro esichaphazelekayo sisikhululo se-Vincennes, okanye isebe lokuqala le-metro yaseParis isiteshi seCateau de Vincennes. Iinqaba ze-feudal, indawo yokuhlala yookumkani baseFransi kunye neendlu zehlathi kuyimvelo yokwakha, ingabonakaliyo ngaphandle, kodwa ixabiso elithile lembali. Emva koko, akukho sizukulwana esinye sababhali baseFransi beMinyaka Ephakathi sazalwa, sakhula, satshata safa. Inqaba yaseVincennes, ukuphononongwa kwabatyeleli abahambayo kuphela, bayakufanelekela ukutyelelwa ngokubanzi njengeLouvre okanye iStade de France.