Stendhal: biography kunye nomsebenzi. anika umdla

Sinikezela ukuze aqhelane nobomi kunye nomsebenzi yombhali enkulu. indalo zabo ezisayiniweyo i "Stendhal". Biography of lo mbhali, ngathi umsebenzi wakhe, abaninzi banomdla namhlanje. Noko ke, asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba igama lakhe ngempela Marie Anri Beyl. Umbhali wazama wambi ukubhukuqa isihloko ungunyana wabanumzana, ngokufuthi ukungena njengoko "Anri De Beyle." Mhlawumbi bekuya kuba mna andenjanga njalo, kwaye Zhyulen Sorel, uTshawe adumileyo inoveli yakhe.

Origin Stendhal

Of usapho yamaphephandaba eqinileyo weza Stendhal, engobomi sayo siboniswe imisebenzi wadala. E Grenoble, kwiofisi umthetho, uyise bakhonza. Ngowe-1783 yena wazalwa umbhali elizayo. Umama wakhe wasweleka kwiminyaka 7 kamva, eshiya kwimfundo uyise anti Seraphic unyana wakhe. Stendhal bandithiyile. uyise hypochondriac, indoda ngqwabalala ibe alinaluvelwano. Stendhal wayenetyala imfundo bakhe ababingeleli. Esi sizathu siphambili yakhe anti-clericalism. Xa kokuyaphula uyise zokomoya iinkokeli sakhe umlinganiswa zombhali.

Character nobuntu Stendhal

narcissistic kakhulu, 'ukungxama, ethe, ezibalulekileyo kunye nenzuzo ongaqeqeshwayo Stendhal. Ibali lobomi bakhe nje kuphela iziganeko umdla ebomini bakho, kodwa ihlabathi engaphakathi zombhali. Abo abazana naye kakuhle, abantu bathi ukuba ngasese, awayezithanda yedwa kunye nobumfihlo. Stendhal waba ngumphefumlo obhityileyo nababuthathaka. Intiyo emtshatweni wayengomnye iimpawu eziphambili ubuntu bakhe. Kule Stendahl akaboni semibutho yenkululeko. Yena sympathized ne Carbonari yaye wabanceda, kodwa akazange akholelwe ukuba umsebenzi wabo kuya kukhokelela ekubeni iziphumo ezincumisayo. Kwakungekho umanyano phakathi basemgodini: ezinye ephupha republic, omnye ufuna ukubona ukumkani kweli lizwe.

Kwezemfundo kwi-Central School kunye nexesha elichithwa eParis

uyisemkhulu komama, ugqirha ngu wobugcisa, wakhuthaza uthando lwakhe uncwadi. Yena umntu incasa elungileyo yokuluka. Xa Stendhal wayeneminyaka eli-13 ubudala, yena wathunyelwa kufunda Central School, abekuyo Grenoble. Nantsi into eyahlukileyo kakhulu kwimathematika. Wada wayixela uqeqesho kwi-Paris Ecole Polytechnique engineer. Ngowe-1799, Stendhal wafika, imini emva kombuso, emva koko uNapoleon waba ngumlawuli France. Bayle, akhohlwe injongo ukufumana uvumo yinjineli, wakhawuleza wenza adventure komlawuli, babanjwe lizwe. Luna, a umzala ezikude umbhali elizayo, owathi kamva waba UNobhala of State, waye wakhetha eliphezulu uNapoleon. Uye wenza ukuba ofisi ibandla Stendhal, nto kwikomkhulu lomkhosi. Noko ke, lo msebenzi kakhulu uyadika kuye. Young Henry, ngubani nje eneminyaka engama-17 ubudala, unyaka olandelayo lafumana subleytenanta ulwazi. Lowo wathunyelwa eItali. Ngelo xesha, kwakukho waphuma umkhosi French.

Life in Italy

Beyle wayesazi nto kweli lizwe, nto leyo yaba ikhaya lakhe yesibini kamva, kwakunye kwindawo enye edume kakhulu futhi inkulu Iinoveli. Boy bayinqule bonke apha: Correggio ukupeyinta, umculo Cimarosa, opera Italian. sawo Italian, wafumana enomtsalane naye. Wayebonakala kuye bazimisela, babalo, yaye ngaphantsi oluphucukileyo ngaphezu isiFrentshi. Italy, ingakumbi Milan neRoma, ngoko abaziintanda Bailey, wada wayefuna ukuba imlungisele la mazwi kwi ilitye lakhe: ". UEnrico Beyle, Milanese" Beyle wamthanda nabafazi basekhaya. Ukususela ngelo xesha ubomi bakhe yabucala iye umlando ubukhulu becala adventures yokubonisana.

wenkonzo karhulumente

kule minyaka ilandelayo babexakekile kakhulu. Stendhal, biography kunye nobuchule leyo sixhalabile, ngo-1806 kwakhona wangena inkonzo, ukuthatha iposi yolawulo ezinabantu French Brunswick. Apha waqalisa ukufunda isiJamani. Stendhal safunyanwa kakuhle kuluntu elungileyo. Sihlonipha abantu abakufutshane kuye, bamthomalalisa, kodwa babengayiqondi umyalelo. Beyle kamva babehamba kakhulu Austria Germany. Lowo wathunyelwa Vienna kunye ebufundisini karhulumente. Kwakhona waya eRashiya emva kokuba umlawuli. In Russia Bayle ubungqina Borodino kunye Idabi ESmolensk. Yaya umlilo eMoscow. Emva koko lihambe liye Western eYurophu, kunye nomkhosi French. ubukhosi uNapoleon kaThixo ukusebenza, kunye Bayle washiya France xa eParis wawa. Waqonda ukuba yaphela umsebenzi wakhe ngezangqa zikarhulumente.

Ukubuyela kule umsebenzi wokubhala

Urhulumente ngoku uqhuba Bourbons. Beyle wabuyela umsebenzi zoncwadi. Ukususela ngoko, waba eyaziwa ngokuba Frederick Stendhal. biography emfutshane yobudala bakhe kuphawulwa nokudalwa kwemisebenzi emininzi. Ibhalwe kwi 1820s, imisebenzi yakhe kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho ngabantu abathile abaqambi ezinkulu (ngo-1817 - ethi "The Life of Haydn, onjengokaMozart Metastasio", ngo-1824 - "The Life of Rossini"); kwaye ama ka 1812 "Malunga Uthando"; yaye "Imbali Umzobo e Italy", ebhalwe ngo-1817; yaye "Ukuhamba eRoma" ngo-1829.

Ukongeza, wapapasha kwiimagazini eLondon yaye Paris amanqaku ezahlukeneyo. Le ngobomi esishwankathelweyo Stendhal le minyaka. Ukususela imisebenzi yasendlini kwakuxhomekeke ubomi bakhe eFransi, eNgilane Italy.

Translation ku Civitavecchia

To kwetrone ngo-1830, yakhiwa Lui filipp, ukumkani-yoohlohlesakhe. Ke kaloku, phambi Stendhal ukuba kwenzeka kwakhona ukuba enze inkonzo yoluntu. Emva koko, ngo-1830, waba ummeli-lizwe e Trieste. Apha abasemagunyeni Austrian awuyithandi ukuba igama lakhe olukhulu. Stendhal yadluliselwa States Kwenziwa e Civitavecchia. Ebona imivuzo uNothozamile ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Kodwa apha ongangokugibisela ilitye ukusuka ozithandayo waseRoma.

ukonakala ngakumbi impilo kunye nobomi Stendhal

Ngokufutshane, sathetha ngayo kutheni Stendhal kwafuneka ukuba uma- consulship, ukuba kude nekhaya. Wahlala kweso sikhundla de kokufa kwakhe, nangona kaninzi kwafuneka ke ukuba ahambe ixesha elide ngenxa yempilo enkenenkene. Ngenxa yokuba kuye, wayeya wayedla ukuthatha ikhefu elide waza wabuyela ekhaya. Omnye wabo lweminyaka emithathu (ukususela 1836 ukuya 1839). Ingakumbi kunzima le minyaka yokugqibela yobomi yale mbhali. Nditsho ebuntwaneni bakhe yaqashwa negcushuwa. Esi sigulo wenza ngokwayo waziva ubuthathaka kunye nokungakwazi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Iinoveli "Red and Black" yaye "Red and White"

inoveli "I-Red kunye Black" yenziwe kunyaka ophelileyo wobukumkani Charles X. Ngowe-1831, ngexesha lokupapashwa sale ncwadi, ukuba sele yalupheleyo, ubuncinane malunga Bourbons nokugxekwa. Kodwa igama Stendhal namhlanje esidityaniswe ngokuyintloko nale ncwadi. It wadalwa ngokusekelwe iziganeko ngokwenene 1830. elide zoncwadi ukuphendula umbuzo kutheni umbhali wanika lo gama emsebenzini wakhe. Zombini ezi imibala isikhumbuza yokufa, igazi kunye yintlekele. Ukudibana kwiklasi abamnyama kwaye kananjalo ezinxulumene entofontofo lomngcwabo. Kwi owazisa kabuhlungu simisela abafundi kanye igama lemveliso.

kwiminyaka emi 5 emva kokudalwa kwalo Stendahl wabhala inoveli "Red kunye White". Ngoko ke akukho ngozi yokufana amagama imisebenzi ezimbini. Ngaphezu koko, umxholo kunye isihloko kwinoveli entsha ukuchazela othile isihloko yangaphambili. Kungenzeka, umbhali emnyama akubhekiselwanga ekufeni, kunye nokuzalwa libya Julien Sorel, ophambili. White waveza yezikhakhamela, ummeli leyo ophambili yenoveli 2, Lyusen leven. A red - uphawu ixesha lesivusi apho ayehlala, ezi abalinganiswa ababini.

imisebenzi ezintsha

Stendhal kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo udale imisebenzi ezimbini ngokuphila: ngo-1832 - "Memoirs ye egoist," ngo-1835-36 - "The Life of Henri Brulard" kwi-1834-35 biennium. - inoveli "Lyusen leven" wahlala phahla. Kuba engafuni ukuba esichengeni kwakhona kwisithuba ezimela, wagqiba ekubeni ukupapasha imisebenzi yakhe ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe. Ngowe-1839, Stendhal kokuba sekukhutshwe wobugcisa yesibini (emva "Red kunye Black") - "Charterhouse of Parma". Eli libali ngamayelenqe kunye adventure, ezenzeka e-Italy.

Buyela eParis nokufa

Umbhali ngo-1841 babuyela eParis, apho waba stroke. Noko ke, waqhubeka yokuqamba de kwasekufeni kwakhe, ndamgqibela imisebenzi yabo. Bhala nabo ngokwabo zabo ingasakwazi Stendhal. ngobomi bakhe uphela Matshi 1842, xa wafa zestrowuku emva kokugula ixesha elide. Stendhal wafa e Paris.

Eya ngakulo ncwadi ibhekisela umbhali Frederick Stendhal?

Biography, nizibambise ufunde, inika uluvo jikelele ubomi Stendhal bakhe. Ziziphi iimpawu umsebenzi wakhe? Makhe ukuphendula lo mbuzo. Long yindlela lo mbhali waduma. Stendhal wathi yena wabhala imisebenzi yakhe 'kuba ezimbalwa lucky. " Yena kwangaphambili ukuba ngaphambi kwe-1880 ngonyaka uya kuza ziqhayise ngaye. Kwaye Stendhal wayenyanisile. Mhlawumbi ukusilela yakhe inkulu kukuba akazange angena kwenye okanye omnye nemvukelo boncwadi eyayikho ngexesha lakhe. Stendhal eyayohlulwe ababhali 18 uthando kwinkulungwane amaqhawe sebyalyubtsam ezifana uNapoleon. Noko ke, loo nto ebizwa kunye nombhali yothando. Le umbhali naniswele zombini ziimvakalelo Lamartine, kunye nesiqulatho yeqhawe Hugo kaThixo. Kuphela xa la manani kushiya koseko yoncwadi, kwacaca mhlophe ukuba ubukhulu bokwenene lombhali umdla kuthi - xa ngokoqobo nasengqondweni. Enkosi kuye, ihlabathi liphela odumileyo Stendhal.

Biography, isishwankathelo imisebenzi yalo umbhali, amanqaku abalulekileyo ngaye - konke oku kwaye okuninzi umdla namhlanje siyawubulela umsebenzi wakhe. Ngokuqinisekileyo oko yenye Stendhal French lomculo. Ukuze balandele ngokusondeleyo ngakumbi umfundi kunye naye, nathi wadalwa Biography Stendhal ngasentla. Ngokwezibalo itheyibhile ubomi kunye nomsebenzi, nto leyo kwezinye iincwadi inkcazelo kangako ngaye, ayiboneleli ngolwazi ngobuntu bakhe, nto ayikhumbulayo iinkcukacha ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Biography, kunye oye wadibana nje, ngaphandle kwezi neengxaki.