Ingcaciso yohlobo loxwebhu

nezimaphambili ezingundoqo e-worldwork theory owaziswa novalo zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, Shannon. ingcaciso yohlobo loxwebhu - inzululwazi inkqubo yokunikezela, ukugcina kunye ekubuyiseni data kwiinkqubo zendalo, ezobugcisa nezentlalo. Xa izicelo ezininzi kwiinkalo zenzululwazi ezifana kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha, Ezolimi, zokufihlakeleyoComment, ithiyori ulawulo, processing image, imfuza, ngezengqondo, ezoqoqosho, umbutho ka iindlela zemveliso kusetyenziswa kwale nzululwazi.

Xa iimeko mihla wokuvukela ulwazi lanamathela kakhulu idityaniselwe i ithiyori ukhowudo, ithetha iingxaki zixhaphakileyo kungqinelwano phakathi umqondiso kunye nomyalezo, kwaye ingcamango processing umqondiso, apho quantization bafunda kunye nemiqondiso recovery kunye ecacicleyo kunye nocazululo ukuhlanganisa kwayo.

theory ulwazi iqwalasela ngcamango "ulwazi" kuba becala nangokobungakanani, ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo ixabiso layo, yaye maxa wambi ngamampunge. Kule ndlela, iphepha le itekisi iya kuba malunga umlinganiselo ofanayo data emiselwe eziliqela iimpawu kunye neesimboli, kwaye akuxhomekekanga kwinto yokuba, ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, akukho eziprintiweyo, nakuba ukuba ngokupheleleyo iseti ngqiqweni ingalawuleki kwezinye mpawu.

Le ndlela lilungisa, kodwa kuphela Ukulinganisa kweenkqubo zonxibelelwano, ekubeni kufuneka ukudlulisa ulwazi ngokuchanekileyo amajelo onxibelelwano, nto leyo inokuba nayiphi iseti abalinganiswa kunye neesimboli. Ngoko, xa kuyimfuneko ukuba bathathele ingqalelo ixabiso kunye nentsingiselo data, indlela oluninzi akwamkelekanga. Ezi iimeko abeke izithintelo kwi- entsimini lwesicelo kunokwenzeka ngayo lo mbono.

Imithetho theory lolwazi ibandakanya ingqalelo imiba eyahlukeneyo, kuquka ezinxulumene ngqo ukosuleleka kunye ulwamkelo lwe data. Iskimu unxibelelwano engundoqo, nto leyo ngazo imfundiso ngolu hlobo. Inkcazelo Theory nokhowudo Lowo ucinga ukuba ezi umthombo lwemiyalezo, leyo igama okanye amagama abhaliweyo oonobumba athile be-alfabhethi. Umthombo umyalezo kunokuba isicatshulwa nayiphi zendalo okanye ulwimi ngumntu, ulwimi lwabantu, ledatha yaye ezinye iimodeli zemathematika, ukudala ulandelelwano iileta. Sixhobo iguqula umyalezo ibe uphawu ehambelana uhlobo ebonakalayo ijelo lonxibelelwano - medium ukugqithisa uphawu. Ngexesha lokudlula loo nto kuxhomekeke kuphazamiseko, leyo angenise ukuphazamiseka ixabiso parameters ulwazi. Umamkeli ifumana umyalezo original ukusuka umqondiso ophambene ifunyenwe. Umyalezo ngendlela yancitshiswa uyeza ukuya kwindawo - umntu othile okanye isixhobo lobugcisa.

umthombo womyalezo zamanani ngokwendalo, ngamanye ukubonakala lomyalezo ngamnye bubonwa amathuba ethile. theory ulwazi Shannon xa ukholelwa ukuba amathuba umyalezo uyalingana kumanyano, oko kukuthi, imbonakalo yakhe kakhulu kunye nokungaqiniseki abakholelwa ukuba oko awenzayo naluphi na ulwazi.

Enye yeengxaki ezibalulekileyo kwethiyori lolwazi iqwalasela ukudidiyelwa yonxibelelwano itshaneli kunye nolwazi iimpawu umthombo lomyalezo. Bandwidth ixhomekeke ibutho lika-1 bit ngomzuzwana.

Enye ingxaki iinkqubo zoqhagamshelwano zezi uphazamiseko kwi indlela uphawu oyifunayo. Shannon, ngelishwa, akasiniki iindlela ezithile lokujongana nabo. Indlela ukususwa lula ukuba phindwa imiyalezo amaxesha amaninzi akusebenzi kakuhle kakhulu kuba kuthatha ezinye iindleko ixesha ukudluliselwa kolwazi. Kakhulu ukusebenza enkulu evumela ukusetyenziswa iikhowudi ukuba kukuvumela ukuba ubone neempazamo echanekileyo kwedatha.