Indlela ukukhangela umsantsa wobushushu umsebenzi osontiweyo piston: ngeengcebiso zeengcali

Xa injini ulungiso olukhulu basoloko imibuzo malunga ngokukhetha umsantsa ekunene thermal. Piston ring kukhulu kakhulu umsantsa phakathi lock kwaye axially uya isebenze ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa ngakumbi, ukuba umsantsa incinane kakhulu kuye kwahlolwa. Kulo mzekelo, i-injini awuyi kusebenza ixesha elide emva iikhilomitha iwaka ezimbalwa kwakhona ezicelwe bulkhead. Makhe sithethe ukukhetha indlela amakhonkco piston isikhewu thermal ekunene nendlela, enyanisweni, mababe ibe.

Overview and Concepts

Le piston iqulathe amakhonkco amathathu, iyileyo ezisebenza umsebenzi ethile. I eliphezulu ezimbini zisetyenziswa ukugcina ucinezelo kwi injini. Ukuba kwenzeka okanye bafikelele kwinqanaba ebalulekileyo kukuwohloka iinyembezi, emva koko ehlise iimpawu ezinamandla ze-injini lwangaphakathi ukutsha, ukunyuka ukusetyenziswa oyile kunye nezinye iingxaki. ring Lower ebizwa "ekunqandeni". Ukusuka isihloko kucacile ukuqeshwa kwakhe ngexesha ukusebenza unit yamandla.

Xa nokusebenza itheyibhile ephindaphindayo iindawo metal yandisa. Ngenxa yesi sizathu elula, umsantsa wobushushu umsebenzi osontiweyo piston lifinyele. Ukuba uthathwe ekuqaleni phezulu ngempazamo, oko kukuthi ngaphantsi kwe avumelekile, andule ukunyusa ngenxa ngokufikelela iqondo lobushushu yokusebenza ye piston injini uya zingayikrwela udonga njengesilinda.

Yintoni umsantsa wobushushu umsebenzi osontiweyo piston Wha?

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ngqo amanani, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba umlinganiselo umsantsa kufuneka kwenziwe kumalungu okulala. Xa kufuneka oku isangqa ukuba zibekwe kwi lombhobho. ixhokonxa ezizodwa okanye iipleyiti zisetyenziswa ukugqiba parameter. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ixabiso avumelekile umsantsa yahluka ukusuka 0.25 ukuya ku-0.5 mm. Kodwa ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo motor kanye ukuguqulwa yayo, ezi data kunokwahluka, kodwa kucetyiswa ukuba adibane amaxwebhu ICE pre.

Yintoni umsantsa wobushushu of amakhonkco piston kufuneka kube Vaz iimoto? Kuba amakhonkco ucinezelo kufuneka ibe kuluhlu 0.25-0.4 mm, kwaye ulawulo amakhonkco oyile - 0.25-0.5 mm. Kwakhona, la manani inokuba nomahluko kancinane, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba baqwalasele imodeli ethile injini.

ukusebenza nesilinganiso technology

Into yokuqala omawuyenze ukuze ebengumsesane kwicala lombhobho. Wandula ke wakubeka inxalenye olungaphandle slot eyabelwe. Okulandelayo uya kufuneka iseti imicu apho umsantsa uzimisele. Ukuba ring ibekwe ngqo ngaphakathi lombhobho, imilinganiselo kufuneka wenziwe ngokwahlukeneyo, ekubeni umgama ophakathi eziphelweni ungahluka.

Into yokuqala omawuyenze ukubeka ebengumsesane piston ngeoli injini. Njengoko ziyakubaluleka lokugqibela ekhethekileyo apha ayikho, njengoko kwi msebenzi uya kuzitshisa yonke into. ring Eminye ezinambuzelayo eludongeni njengesilinda. Kwaye oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela xa lombhobho, apho umsesane aya kusetyenziswa kwixa elizayo. Kuyinto elula ingakumbi ukuphumeza le ndlela yokubala, ukuba piston sele isusiwe. Kwimeko apho intshukumo yakutshanje zivale ngokwaneleyo iringi wamzalela ngo 3-5 mm, malunga kuloo ndawo apho iya kuba kwi injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi ngexesha lokusebenza. Emva koko sisebenzisa isethi ixhokonxa (bars) kwaye afumane imilinganiselo efunekayo. Sebenzisa 'ncwadi "xa ukuchola kugqitywe umsebenzi osontiweyo piston. Diesel "Ford okugada '1.6, umzekelo, kufuneka zibe umsantsa ka 0.3-0.5 mm ring ucinezelo ongentla 0.2-0.45 mm ekunqandeni.

Complex CPG yokulungisa

Babizwa ngokuba "kapitalka" Troubleshooting Injini kuthetha iqela cylinder-piston ngokupheleleyo, kuba oko kuxhomekeke imithwalo aphezulu wobushushu ngexesha lokusebenza. Ngenxa yoko, Pistons, ucinezelo kunye iSTEM amakhonkco nazo phantsi ekwandeni banxibe. Kwezinye iimeko, apho umsesane akakafiki into ebaluleke banxibe ahambe. On kakhulu umsantsa ICE mihla 1 mm sele ingqalelo kakhulu, kwaye kule meko kuyimfuneko ukuba indawo amakhonkco. Ngoko ke, xa kuncendile ukulungisa injini Kucetyiswa ukuba utshintshe zonke amakhonkco Pistons, nokuba kunjalo ayadibana. Kufuneka oku ayi-50 000 kwakhona ukuba ibattery enjinini.

Kufuneka kwakhona wayeqonda ukuba akusoloko kugqitywe ngezangqa yokuqala neyesibini ucinezelo iyafana. Umzekelo okuphawuleka zasekhaya oomatshini enzima. Umzekelo, umsantsa wobushushu umsebenzi osontiweyo piston "Kamaz" kufuneka ikhangeleke ngolu hlobo:

• lokuqala ring ucinezelo - 0.20-0.40 mm (new);
• lwesibini - 0.30-0.50 (new);
• Stem 0.25-0.50 (entsha).

Kulo mzekelo, i banxibe avumelekile ukuba zonke iintlobo ring mayingagqithi 1 mm. Nokuba umntu 0.9 mm sele kuqwalaselwa kakhulu. Nangona rhoqo ngaphandle disassembly CPG waqonda ukuba umsesane ukuba bacelwe ukuba bazithenge.

ukusetyenziswa oyile Ukwandisa

Uninzi abenzi imoto mihla ukwandisa kugqitywe amakhonkco piston kwinjini zabo. Ukuba ezinye iintlobo ze-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi kubalulekile ku-1 mm, kodwa injini entsha ukusuka 'BVM "okanye" Audi "12 mm - isikhewu entsha amakhonkco injini ngaphandle ngokubaleka. Apha kufuneka ukuba uqonde ingongoma enye ebalulekileyo.

Isibakala sokuba ukutshiswa umxube amafutha-air wambumba iigesi abhalisela emseleni le piston. Ngako oko, baqala ukwenza uxinzelelo ngaphakathi lo msesane, evumela ukuba ukubacinezela udonga njengesilinda.

Kungenxa yoko le nto xa injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi ninganqeni, kwaye ephantsi isantya downforce ayikho kukhulu njengoko imithwalo eliphezulu. Isizathu kukuba isixa serhasi egumbini yokutsha yahluke kakhulu. Iringi ucinezelo inxalenye yesibini uthwala ingxaki ukukrwela, ekususeni umboniso ukusuka njengesilinda. Ukuba inxitywa, kuyanda ukusetyenziswa lesithambiso ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ngesantya angoongantweni low injini.

amakhonkco thermal umsantsa piston Vaz-21083

imoto Domestic 2108, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "ezisibhozo" okanye "basike", liyi injini enokuthenjwa kakhulu. Nangona ngenkathalo kunye ibaleka kakhulu. Noko ke, ukuba ulungiso ezinkulu kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo isikhewu thermal. Abantu abaninzi aqhoboshele nayiphi ukubaluleka kule kwaye ashiye umsesane endala. Kodwa lo ukungcitywa akayi kuyitshabalalisa iziphumo ezilindelekileyo, ingakumbi ukuba bulkhead injini eyenziwa ngenxa yokwanda ukusetyenziswa oyile.

Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezizodwa. Ngokukodwa, ubucukubhede ubuninzi kuzo zonke amakhonkco - mm 0,15 kuphela. Ngoko ukuze ucinezelo ababezibiza 1st ka 0,04-0,075 mm, kuba yesibini - 0,03-0,065 mm kunye iSTEM - 0,02-0,055 mm. Yinto kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukuphumeza ngendlela ophezulu. Ukhetho best - ukuqonda vee kwaye esontiweyo, emakhonkcweni piston. Ungasebenzisa micrometer kunye iseti ixhokonxa. Imilinganiselo kwi piston kufuneka kwenziwe kwiindawo ezininzi ehlabathini achazwe apha.

bokuqonda emininzi kwaye ebalulekileyo

Vula ukulungisa iya ubuthwe yi umsantsa wobushushu of amakhonkco piston ye injini idizili okanye ipetroli njani kuxhomekeke ubomi iqela cylinder-piston yaye, enyanisweni, namakhonkco. Scuffing ngenxa amakhonkco zochuku lombhobho kukhokelela kwilahleko kuphela ucinezelo kodwa geometry. Yonwabela le elincinane, kuba ukubuyisela kwimeko yokusebenza kuya kufuneka komphezulu, yaye kwiimeko ezininzi kakhulu - wazala nesilinda.

Ukuba amakhonkco wear iphiramidi ebonisa unxibelelwano, ngoko zehla ngokubonakalayo ngokulitywina egumbini yokutsha. Oku kukhokelela kukwehla nemiba injini kunye nokusetyenziswa olongeziweyo oyile motor.

Yintoni ephosakeleyo isikhewu kancinane

Kubonakala ngathi ukuze kuzuzwe okulungileyo ucinezelo encinanana kunokwenzeka gap ezifunekayo. Kulo mzekelo neoli akayi ukuvutha. Konke oku kuphela iqiniso. Inyaniso yeyokuba xa umsantsa yokwandisa izikolo iya kuba ngaphantsi kwe avumelekile, apho kuya kubakho ukunyhashwa exchange ubushushu. Oku kubangelwa yokwanda amakhonkco ukukhuhlana lombhobho. Ngenxa yoko, kukho Isipha, kwaye banxibe olukhawulezisiweyo ring njengesilinda. Ekugqibeleni, ebengumsesane ucinezelo akudali uxinzelelo ngokwaneleyo kwaye esiqwini ushiye ioli phezu isayizi. Emva kwexesha elithile, i-injini amandla kulahleka, kwandisa ukuhamba ekuthambiseni yonakaliswa uzinzo yokuvutha kwangaphakathi.

Ngamafuphi

Njengoko ubona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi oko amakhonkco umsantsa piston ezifunekayo uhlobo oluthile injini. eyakha nganye ikhankanya ixabiso wesiqhelo kunye kwamkelekile. Nabo bakhuthazwe ukubambelela. Ukuba kuncendile khonkcweni igugile, bathi 50%, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba ukubuyisela entsha.

Akukho embi kangaka bhetele kunokuba yehle yokususwa. Ngenxa yokugqibela kwandisa lobushushu egumbini yokutsha, lombhobho isicelo umonakalo. Konke oku kubangela iindleko phambili ebonakalayo. Loo nto ayizange yenzeke, oko kuyimfuneko ukuze ukhethe ngokuchanekileyo kugqitywe amakhonkco piston kwaye ikhokelwa kuphela umthombo othenjiweyo. Imiyalelo for ukusebenza nokulondolozwa lenqwelo nganye zidweliswe idatha kufuneka, yaye kufuneka isetyenziswe xa befundisa.