ZMZ-410 injini: iinkcukacha, inkcazelo kunye nohlolo

Zavolzhye Injini yeziTyalo, leyo yasekwa ngowe-1958, iye yavelisa phezu injini million 15. Motors ezinikwa Ulyanovsk kunye Gorky Pavlovsk Bus Plant. Phakathi Motors zaye zaveliswa ZMZ-410. Le yunithi ngamandla, nto leyo ukhwele kweenqwelo permeability phezulu, uye iimpawu umdla kakhulu. Makhe sijonge engundoqo zempawu zoyilo, eziluncedo nezingeloncedo kweemoto 410-th.

ulwazi jikelele

ZMZ-410 - a ngokutsha 402-th. eyaziwa Last olulula, ukuthembeka kusebenza kwaye zifuna ulondolozo engephi. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, le injini lixesha, ngoko kwagqitywa ukuba isityalo amandla mihla ngakumbi ukuba wayeza kuba ethembekileyo. Yiyo loo nto ulwakhiwo ZMZ-410 iyafana enjinini 402 mu.

Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo iinjineli ziye umngeni ukwandisa umthamo yeyunithi yamandla. Ukuze wenze oku, sisungule icandelo elitsha ZMZ-410 iisilinda eyakhiwe. Eyona yaba kukuba izinto block - aluminium ingxubevange, izingxobo uphose intsimbi saxineka kuwo. Kwakhona, ababhekisi phambili bene ezininzi ngokutsha imilo piston. Xa lilonke eli design motor uyafana 402 imodeli powertrain ZMZ.

Ukucacisa ZMZ-410

Umthamo lombhobho 410 kweelitha 2,89. Ngoko ke amandla alo wesiqhelo - 96 enjini ngesantya crankshaft - 3500 Rev / min .. torque kufikelelwe ezineqondo ojikelezayo le crankshaft ngo 2500 malunga. / Min ngu 201 NM. Enyanisweni, oku Classic ezine-umqolo, nto leyo azakubalulwa bubukho naziphi frills zoyilo.

Kits, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, le kwanda kokuqukuqela kwamanzi ukwandisa amandla. Wamzalela kule motor yi-100 mm kunye piston stroke ubude - 92 mm. Used distribution gas Indlela OHV kunye semigudu ezimbini isilinda nganye. Umbuzo kwenkqubo inaliti ye ngelo xesha akazange aye, ngoko zihlangane lwangaphakathi ukutshiswa injini isiBeki K-151TS. ubomi inkonzo ziimoto malunga 200,000 neekhilomitha Silungisa ngexesha, umgangatho ukusifaka, kunye nokungabikho nokwanda imithwalo.

imodeli ngempumelelo

Kukhuselekile ukuba ngokubanzi, umzekelo laba yimpumelelo gqitha. Emva komsebenzi iinjini ZMZ-410 ngelo xesha kulungile kunene. injini Carbureted ngesabelo pin ixesha elide ucinezelo wenziwa utyando njengenxenye yeqela UAZ iimoto. Factory Motor nesikhundla - ZMZ4104.10.

Impumelelo yale modeli kuyenzeka ukuthetha ngenxa lonke ixesha laphuhliswa 15 ulungiso kule yunithi amandla. Kuxhomekeka ngumthengi xa kubonakala ngeemoto ubeka phambili amacandelo ahlukeneyo, ezifana iimpompo zamanzi, abenzi boluvo, njalo njalo. N. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, abe nako ukuthatha indawo imizuzu 410 kwi UMP-421 ngaphandle kokuba litshintshwe. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, waphawula ukuba umgangatho awayakhayo Zavolzhsky injini yezityalo iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo Ulyanovsk. Nangona kusenokwenzeka, oku ngqo kuphela kule modeli.

ngokufutshane Maintenance

Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, kuba injini kakhulu elula kuyilo wayo, zizakubalulwa inokuthenjwa phezulu. Noko ke, ngokuba ixesha elide ngaphandle ulungiso ezinkulu kufuneka athobele iqela lezindululo yomvelisi:

• ukutshintsha i oyile injini zonke ngeekhilomitha ezili-10 000, naye wamisela oil filter entsha;
• ukulungiswa mbobo zonke kweekhilomitha-15 000, izithuba ucinezelo kwezivalo zeemoto - 0,4-0,45 mm, ukuya wawelela iziqulathi yokuqala neyesine - 0.35-0.40, eyesibini neyesithathu - 0,4-0,45 mm ;
• ekuhloleni ubume amatywina yeoli crankshaft, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukutshintshwa gasket xa kuyimfuneko.

Njengoko ubona, ulondolozo-injini kuyehla kube amanyathelo ezimbalwa noko ezilula. Le sisaqhubeka kakhulu ziyafikeleleka kwaye fast. Ukuba nokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwandisa kakhulu ubomi enjinini. Kwangaxeshanye,-ukungathotyelwa kunye nemihla olawulo uhlengahlengiso yomsebenzi kunye nokutshintshwa neoli kunokukhokelela kubomi inkonzo kuyehla ye-injini yokutsha lwangaphakathi kunye nokurhoxiswa bokuqala yakhe kuncendile ukulungisa.

ZMZ-410: uhlola abaqhubi beemoto

abaqhubi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa imodeli 410-th Zavolzhsky kunye 421 th Ulyanovsk. Lidla abaqhubi beemoto ayikwazi ukwazi ukuba ukhetho. Kwaye ngenene, ukuba zincede zikhethe olunye okanye kwelinye icandelo lwamandla kunzima kakhulu. Ngapha koko, ngamnye kubo bobabini ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Ngokomzekelo, UMP-421. It is a cheap eliphezulu-torque injini ndee ndlala camshaft. Kuye ethile, umzekelo, ukungabikho enemikhono.

Ngelo xesha imizuzu 410 - khetho imali eninzi, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukuba bathenge. Le motor okunkonkxiweyo kunye ukupakisha gland endaweni. Kwakhona 410 th ngaphezulu ngexabiso th 421. Ngokubanzi, abaqhubi baya waguqukela ZMZ-injini. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuneengxaki zako, kodwa inokuthenjwa lwangaphakathi injini yokutsha, nto leyo kakhulu sitshiphu ukugcina nokulungisa ngayo. Ngoko ke ukuba une ukhetho phakathi UMP-421 kunye ZMZ-410, musa ukuthandabuza ukunika imiyalelo yokugqibela.

Le ezizuzwa ezisisiseko kunye nezisombululo zazo

"Izifo ezondeleyo" 410 we-ayinayo. Noko ke, umlinganiselo ukwanda kuvela zonke iintlobo mathuba ezingemnandi. Cinga iimpazamo ezithile kunye noonobangela bazo;

• Ukubhutyuza nengxolo ngexesha ukusebenza unit yamandla. Ngelo xesha sibe Lungelelanisa thermal izikhewu vana inkqubo ucuphe ixesha, nazo iziphene kunokwenzeka okanye connecting iibheringi intonga a camshaft.
• Ukwanda lokungcangcazela injini. Kusenokufuneka ukuba ukunyenyisa ucinezelo okanye silinganisa indlela igeza. Kukho kwakhona amanye iziphene kwinkqubo ucinezelo.
• Nobushushu kwe-injini. Kaninzi kwenzeka ngenxa ngqi kwindawo okuvala thermostat, kukho umoya ityhubhu kwi injini okanye ukungasebenzi sokumpompa amanzi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abaqhubi beemoto nayo kanye ezi ngxaki idla iqhubeka awayeyenza ukulungiswa. Kwezinye iimeko, zisetyenziswa oyile. Kaninzi oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba Akunakuba yhuu. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ahlole rhoqo, ngokukhethekayo igrisi replacement nganye kwinkqubo injini.

Indlela ukwandisa umthamo unit samandla

Sele kuxoxwa kunye nawe iimpawu zobugcisa injini ZMZ-410. Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, le injini 98 enjini. Oku kubangelwe omhle malunga ngexesha imveliso powertrains. Kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwandiswe inani 'amahashe "Ngaphezu koko malunga 120., le nkqubo ayidingi iinguqulelo ezibalulekileyo. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba enze amanyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula. Inyathelo lokuqala kwandisa diffusers isiBeki-30 mm. Emva koko wabeka elinye camshaft. Ungasebenzisa iqhekeza "EDO injini 35 'okanye efanayo. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela cocurrent efakiweyo umbhobho zeemoto kunye ubukhulu efanayo ubude bayo.

Emva utshintsho ezincinane olunjalo ukufumana nama-20% amandla olongezelelweyo. Ekuqhubeni imisebenzi enjalo kufanelekile kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ixabiso wasele loo eziphakamileyo kakhulu, yaye oko kuya kuba obonakalayo. Kuyenzeka ukuya phambili, ngokuguqula ukuphakama intloko cylinder, ukwandisa ucinezelo ratio ye-injini. ukwanelisa Further akufanelekanga ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zemali. Cwangcisa isiguquli okanye injini kunokuba kuphela xa utshintsho ukusuka isiBeki ukuya injector, yaye oku kufuna inani elikhulu iinguqu.

Ukuba ndithatha le injini?

Njengoko sele kutshiwo ngentla apha, okwangoku ZMZ-410 ayifumaneki. Kodwa ke, loo ndlela njengoko UAZ, kwaye ukufakwa kwi ibhasi le powerplant uvumelane ngokugqibeleleyo. Kakade ke, ngoku kukho injini noloqoqosho ngakumbi kwaye athembekile. Kodwa nokugcinwa kwabo nokugcinwa zibiza imali eninzi kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto ZMZ-410 ingasetyenziswa kushishino lwezolimo. Yena nabalulamileyo, lutyabula phantse naluphi amafutha kunye rarely breaks. Kwaye ukuba yenzeka, oko inokulungiswa endle, kunjalo, ulwazi oluthile.

Kakade ke, apha kwaye kukho neengxaki, ezifana nezikhonkwane piston ngokuncipha. Isibakala sokuba abayili ziye zandisa Pistons ukuya kwi-100 mm, kwaye ke iminwe nangoku ziyafana. Ngoko ke maxa wambi, uqoqo phantsi imithwalo eziphakamileyo. Kulo mzekelo, mhlawumbi ude ukutshatyalaliswa yunithi.

Ngamafuphi

410-I umfuziselo we-injini ZMZ iye ukuthembeka phezulu, ruggedness kunye nezibonelelo eliphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Ukuba ixesha inkonzo injini, ngoko kuya kuba 200,000 km, kwaye mhlawumbi nangakumbi. Kulo mzekelo, unako ukwenza ulungiso ezinkulu unit yamandla. Olu hlobo sokubuyiselwa uya zingaxabisi ngaphezu kwe-10 000 engange.

Kakade ke, ukusetyenziswa iinjini ezinjalo kwizixeko ezikhulu akwamkelekanga. Le yunithi amandla lingenako ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo yaseYurophu. Ukungabikho le converter zokuphosa kukhokelela iigesi zeemoto eyingozi ukuba zingcolise okusingqongileyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu elula, ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa loo kuvunyelwa kuphela ngaphandle imizi emikhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi ZMZ-410 zisetyenziswa koomatshini yezolimo isambuku eliphakathi. Kwezinye iimeko, le yunithi amandla efakwe kwi iibhasi kunye neetraki ezincinane.