Indlela fast Umhlaba nendawo eyayisaya emzileni wawo. Indlela fast lihamba umhlaba ujikeleza ilanga

abaninzi kakhulu eziqhelekileyo kuthi evela iimpawu ebuntwaneni yobomi zibangelwa iinkqubo isikali cosmic. Imini nobusuku, namaxesha, ubude bexesha apho ilanga ngaphezu kolundi, ngenxa yokuba, kwakunye nesantya apho Umhlaba yokubolekisana, kunye ngeempawu nentshukumo yayo esithubeni.

umgca osengqondweni

I-axis nawuphi na umhlaba - kwerandi uyilo wadala ukuba kube lula inkcazo motion. Ukuba engqondweni ukrwele umgca onqumla izibonda, kuya kuba axis komhlaba. Ujikelezo kurhangqo kuyo - enye iintshukumo ezimbini eziyintloko planethi.

Axis ayikho inqwelo-moya abantu baza (womgca njengokujikeleza Umhlaba ujikeleza ilanga) 90º, kwaye kuphambuka aa Incopho 23º27 '. Kukholelwa ukuba umhlaba ujikeleza ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma, oko kukuthi, ebalwa. Likhangeleka ngoko intshukumo yayo ijikeleza axis, ukuba bamlinde kwi North Pole.

unobungqina obungenakuphikiswa

Kwaba becinga ukuba iplanethi yethu zokubhala kunye neenkwenkwezi ezisisigxina esibhakabhakeni, ezigxile kuyo. Lidla ixesha mntu elide wayenomdla kwimbali nesantya apho Earth nendawo eyayisaya zanda yayo ijikeleza axis okanye, njengoko "axis" bona ngokwabo kwaye ingqikelelo "orbit" a abanakwanela ulwazi lwenzululwazi okwakusenzeka ngelo thuba. Le ubungqina yolwazi isibakala le isindululo rhoqo zomhlaba ngeenxa axis awo Kwafunyanwa 1851 ngu Jean Foucault. ekugqibeleni uyohlwaywa bonke abo kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba Ndandisathandabuza kuyo.

Le lokulinga lwaqhutywa kwi-Paris yonk 'into ekuthiwa, phantsi kwawo apho kuso kuqala kunye isangqa kunye amaqela. Wakhuph pendulum ne intshukumo nganye entsha yasiwa ngezigaba eziliqela. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ukujikeleza umhlaba.

speed

Umhlaba axis awo iyajikeleza ngayo ngokukhawuleza? Impendulo eqinisekileyo lo mbuzo zicwadi kunzima kakhulu ukuba, ngenxa yokuba isantya iingongoma eendawo ezahlukeneyo iyahluka. Ukusondela kwindawo ikhweyitha, ngoko ke ngasentla. Kule ndawo yexabiso Isantya Italy, umzekelo, kuqikelelwa kwi-1,200 km / h. Kwi-avareji, umhlaba uleyisayo 15º ngeyure nganye.

Ngesantya ukujikeleza koMhlaba inxulumene ubude bemini. Ubude bexesha apho iplanethi yethu ujikeleza kanye malunga axis echazwa ngeendlela ezimbini. Ukuze ubone inkwenkwezi ebizwa ngokuba okanye ngosuku sidereal njenge inkqubo reference ekhethiweyo nayiphi inkwenkwezi ngaphandle kwelanga. Kuthatha iiyure 23, imizuzu 56 nemizuzwana-4. Ukuba indawo yokuqala ithathwe inkwenkwezi wethu, imini kuthiwa elanga. ixabiso yabo iiyure ezingama-24 abazisebenzileyo. Kuyahluka kancinane kuxhomekeke-langa indawo kuthelekiswa ekukhanyeni, ethi ichaphazele ubucotha ukujikele- ehlabathini ezimanyeneyo kwisantya apho Earth edakasa orbit yayo.

emhlabeni nendawo

Intshukumo yesibini ibalulekileyo iplanethi - yi "ejikelezayo" yayo okuwo. intshukumo njalo yophuhliso side kancinane waziva ngabantu rhoqo sokutshintsha onyaka. Isantya oluhamba ngaso Umhlaba ihamba ilanga, va yona kwindawo yokuqala ngokwemiqathango zemilinganiselo ixesha: elinye ithuba kuthatha iintsuku 365 5:00 imizuzu 48 imizuzwana 46, oko kukuthi, unyaka ngeenkwenkwezi. Lo mzobo ngqo ichaza ngokucacileyo isizathu sokuba qho emva kweminyaka emine ngoFebruwari, usuku olongezelelweyo. Umele imali ethe ngeli xesha iiyure ezazingazange ezingaqukwanga kwi bafumana yeentsuku ezingama-365 zonyaka.

iimpawu indlela

Njengoko sele kuchaziwe, isantya apho Earth edakasa orbit yayo, ngenxa iimpawu yokugqibela. Isikhokelo le planethi kwahlukile isangqa ndagqibelela, sandisiwe kancinci. Ngenxa yoko, uMhlaba kufutshane, yesikhanyiso, ngoko kude kuyo. Xa iplanethi kunye Ilanga iyahlula kumgama omncinane, le urhulumente kuthiwa perihelion. Umgama eliphezulu uhambelana aphelion. Eyokuqala iwela ngoJanuwari-3, le yesibini - nge-5 kuJulayi. Yaye ngasinye kwezi ngongoma lo mbuzo: "Xa into nokurhafisa Umhlaba ujikeleza zanda yayo?" - uye impendulo yayo. Kuba aphelion yi 29,27 km / s, ngokuba perihelion - 30,27 km / s.

Ubude ngosuku

Isantya oluhamba ngaso ngumhlaba emzileni wawo, yaye yonke nentshukumo iiplanethi ujikeleza ilanga eziliqela neziphumo ezibonakalisa bokuqonda ezininzi ebomini bethu. Umzekelo, ezi iintshukumo kuchaphazela ixesha lemini. Ilanga iyatshintsha rhoqo endaweni yayo ezulwini, iingongoma shift ukuphuma kwelanga, oko ubude eyahlukileyo ephezulwana ukukhanya ngaphezu kolundi emini enkulu. Ngenxa yoko, ukutshintsha nobude imini nobusuku.

La maxabiso ezimbini, enye kuphela kwi lasentwasahlobo, xa ilanga inqumle zesibhakabhaka ikhweyitha Centre. Tilting axis ngoko cala ngokumalunga yesikhanyiso ray yayo isiganeko nkqo kwi-ikhweyitha. Le kulingane iwela ngoMatshi 20-21, ekwindla - ngoSeptemba 22-23.

ngenjikalanga

Kanye ngonyaka, imini iphezulu ubude, nesiqingatha unyaka - ubuncinane. Le mihla ibizwa ngokuba ngenjikalanga. Summer iwela ngoJuni 21-22, ubusika - ngoDisemba 21-22. Kwimeko yokuqala, iplanethi yethu ukuze ibekwe ngokuphathelele isikhanyiso ukuba Isiphelo esisemantla sika-axis ujonge kwicala kwelanga. Ngenxa yoko, imitha kuwa mpo Tropic of Cancer bagubungele ummandla iphela Arctic Circle. Kwi-Southern saseNtla, lo gama, icala, imitha yelanga ukufikelela kummandla phakathi ikhweyitha kunye Arctic Circle.

Ngexesha lasebusika iziganeko ikhweyitha zenzeka ngendlela efanayo, kuphela iindima ikhweyitha iswitshi: ngobuciko South Pole.

Seasons

isikhundla Orbital kuchaphazela kuphela isantya apho Umhlaba ihamba ilanga. Ngenxa yoko, ukutshintsha umgama eyahlula ukusuka elangeni, kwakunye ukuthambekela ezimanyeneyo umhlaba kangangonyaka edyokhweni ezisasaziweyo radiation elanga. Kwaye oku, ke, ebangela ukuba utshintsho onyaka. Ngaphezu koko, ixesha lasebusika zasehlotyeni zesimesta yahlukile: eyokuqala ziintsuku 179, kwaye eyesibini - 186. Ngeli nokungahambelan iziphumo kuzo zonke enye ukuthambeka axis kuthelekiswa womgca baza.

ibhanti-ukukhanya

Ejikeleza uMhlaba ngo orbit kwaye wemiphumela. Intshukumo yonyaka ibangela utshintsho endaweni kwelanga ngaphezu kolundi, apho umhlaba wabumba imimandla ingakhanyi:

• Hot imi kwi-40% ye-Umhlaba phakathi eseMazantsi noMntla Tropic. Nanjengoko igama layo lixela, apha kufika bushushu.

• Moderate Belt - phakathi Arctic Circle kunye ekweleenjiko - luphawulwa ukuguquguquka onyaka.

• zone Polar ibekwe ngaphezu Arctic Circle, abe kubushushu obuphantsi kulo nyaka.

isindululo yemihlaba lilonke, ingakumbi, isantya apho Umhlaba kugxile ecaleni komzila, kunye nempembelelo kwezinye iinkqubo. Phakathi kwabo, imilambo, namaxesha, izingqisho ezithile zobomi izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Ukongeza, njengokujikeleza Umhlaba ngenxa ukusebenza kwalo phezu ukukhanya iqondo lobushushu i kuchaphazela umsebenzi wezolimo.

Namhlanje nto isantya koMhlaba ejikelezayo, yintoni na umgama esifanele siwutsibe ukusuka eLangeni, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene intshukumo iiplanethi, efunda esikolweni. Nangona kunjalo, xa ucinga ngayo, abasakwazi ezicacileyo. Xa ingcamango enjalo qatha engqondweni, ndifuna ukubulela ngokunyanisekileyo izazinzulu nabaphandi abo ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokuba ingcinga yakhe ingaqhelekanga anama imithetho yobomi cosmic zoMhlaba, ukuchaza uze ubonise uze ucacise ukuba lonke ihlabathi.