Indima inyongo ukudla. Chaza umsebenzi enyongweni ukudla

Masithi, phambi kokuba ubeke umsebenzi olandelayo: chaza umsebenzi inyongo ukudla. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka kuqala ukufunda nokwakheka zengqo- kwayo, iimpawu kunye ezisebenza inyongo ezifunekayo ukwetyisa eyiyo kwezinto eziphilayo ezakha ukutya. Le miba iya kuqwalaselwa kweli nqaku.

umsebenzi secretory

Isibindi esinobubovu inkulu phecana zesisu, ezendeleyo izilwanyana ezinomqolo kunye nendoda. It iqulathe iiseli parenchymal, ebizwa hepatocytes. Iseli enye hepatic iye nuclei enye okanye ngaphezulu kwaye iquka iinxalenye ezimbini ekuthiwa semithambo kunye biliary. party Last hepatocyte ukunxibelelana sinusoids ezifumana igazi yegazi hepatic. Le nxalenye synthesizes iswekile, iiprotheni, iivithamini kunye lipocomplexes.

Elinye icala hepatocyte ibhekiswe inyongo capillary. Ibizwa ngokuba biliary. Ikhupha enyongweni. Ayajika waya capillary, kwaye kulo - kule imibhobho. Ngoko ke, ngo sempilweni kwesibindi inyongo eyenziweyo kwicala hepatocyte Asingeni egazini, ekubeni capillary biliary siyahlukana umzimba iiseli hepatic sinusoidal.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba hepatocytes zihlelwe ukwenza ziqwempu, apho bile duct ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Bona ukudibanisa kunye nefom indlela ezimbini eziphambili - ekhohlo ne ekunene. Baya kuphuma lobe usembindini esibindini. Kwaye ke uhlangane ukwenza duct efanayo elisuke isango layo kunye vpadot kwi senyongo. Ngenxa yoko, isibindi enyongweni ilungu secreting. Anatomy of bile, isakhiwo inyongo lwesinyi umsebenzi ziya kuqwalaselwa yi kuthi ngakumbi.

Yeyiphi ufuna ukukhululwa enyongweni?

Izakhi kunceda izakhi nanamathelayo macromolecule entsonkothileyo kweziphilayo ukutya, inyongo uyabalisa. Esisebenza phezu lipids abalibona, uyayiguqulela nabo ukusuka kwimeko ezingenakunyibilika ukwenza i emulsion. Olugcinwe yi enyongweni asidi cholic - chenodeoxycholic kunye cholic - ezi zizinto kumphezulu-esebenzayo. Bona emulsify kwamafutha ukutya ezivela esiswini kulo duodenum, ngokuququzelela lwahlukane yabo lwenziwa yi enqanda zepancreas - lipase.

Ukwakheka ezinto of enyongweni

Ukwazi isakhiwo eziqalelo noshowo esithinzini hepatic, iinxalenye hepatocytes biliary, kwakunye nokwakhiwa kwemichiza, wena kakuhle ukuchaza umsebenzi inyongo ukudla. Gastroenterologists kwafunyaniswa ukuba esibindini iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo lweplastiki flow futhi umzimba amandla. Bile kukodwa lulwelo okanye ukukhanya umnquma omdaka. Iqulethe 98% yamanzi, kwakunye zombala, cholesterol, acid cholic, lecithin, iivithamini kunye nee-enzayim.

Cinga isakhiwo kunye ukusasazwa ye asidi inyongo. Bona lithatyathwe utywala steroid - cholesterol. Kwakhona yinxalenye ingaphandle cell. Xa hepatocytes cholesterol na oxidized kwaye zenza asidi inyongo zaseprayimari. Baya inokuzitshintsha, ukuba aphakamileyo: metaholevuyu kunye deoxycholic. Abo, nto, benza izakhiwo kunye monomers iiproteins - taurine kunye glycine.

Ezi izakhiwo zezona kakhulu lovukelo ziqulethwe ulwelo ekwimo sodium okanye potassium iityuwa. ngombala yenyongo - omnye icandelo kwemichiza, eyinhloko yayo yibilirubin. Oku akhiwa ukutshatyalaliswa haemoglobin okwenzeka macrophage isibindi - iiseli Kupffer ngokunjalo kwi udakada. Lecithin - ingxenye inyongo. Kwakhona kwasekwa esibindini kwaye lidlala indima ebalulekileyo nethe of okunamafutha acid kunye cholesterol lisibekele inqanaba yayo. Yena kuthatha inxaxheba emulsification kwamafutha.

Yintoni iimpawu enyongweni?

Ekubeni wafunda ukwakhiwa eekhemikhali netuwa kwesibindi, unako ngokuchanekileyo kumela indima yayo yokuwa mba eziphilayo ukuqwalasela imisebenzi esisiseko inyongo ukudla, leyo zahlukahlukene. Umzekelo, iqulathe zaselondri kwaye acid igalelo molekyuli ezityebileyo ukuqhekeka emikhulu ukuba ibe yimisebenzi emincinane. Inyongo uchaphazela enzymes hydrolyze carbohydrate kunye neeproteni: amylase kunye trypsin, ukwandisa iimpawu zazo encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi. In enzyme esiswini - pepsin - kwenza indlela esahlukileyo, ngamanye abangaphangeliyo umsebenzi wayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukwanda elibukhali kwi pH lweziqulatho esiswini, ekubeni ubumuncu kunciphisa.

Ukuqhela bile kuphucula izisombululo nokufunxwa iityuwa izimbiwa, iivithamini A no-D, kwakunye asidi acid. Ihlebo kwesibindi lilawula ngeemoto secretory umsebenzi emathunjini amancinci. Le indima inyongo ukudla.

Ezisebenza enyongweni zholcheotdeleniya

Ngaphambili, siye safunda iimpawu secretion kwesibindi eziveliswa iindawo biliary of hepatocytes. Kwaye safumanisa ukuba ekwakhiweni, iimpawu duct nokubaluleka kwayo ukudla zihlobene. Ezi ndlela ziqhutywa zombini inkqubo oluntu luvo kunye nendlela humoral. bile Ukwakheka kunyuswa njenge impendulo reflex ukuba uvuselelo interoceptors iindonga kwiinwebu lweHo-, isisu, amathumbu amancinane ngomlomo.

Senyongo: isakhiwo sayo kunye nendima ukudla

Njengoko lungu dystrophy, ukuba ibekwe ngezantsi ungqameko olungezantsi esibindini. Kuye intamo, umzimba kunye ezantsi. Xa indlela anatomically obosnuete umsebenzi wayo, ngoko unga ngokulula ukuchaza umsebenzi inyongo ukudla. Yena njalo kusekwe esibindini waza wakhululwa kwi duodenum kanye ngexesha zokungena emzimbeni ukutya. Phakathi izidlo ngasese zibekwe senyongo.

iindlela sokuxilonga uphando enyongweni

Basabele eziqhelekileyo pathways kwisiqwenga zesisu kufuna nokomzimba ethile kunye secretion ezinto hepatic. Nina physiologically sigwetyelwe uchaze imisebenzi inyongo ukudla ukuba parameters zayo lonyango eqhelekileyo. Zimiselwa ezininzi iqhezu ekumfakeni duodenal.

Kwisigaba sokuqala zesifundo iqhezu carcinomas ilungiselela. Kufuneka ube umbala omthubi ukukhanya kunye pH ngaphezu 7. Xa Kwisigaba sesibini kunye sphincter okuvala Oddi ezisitheleyo ivelele phenyo akufanele. Xa Isigaba sesithathu isifundo amanqanaba ngokwezonyango eqhelekileyo inyongo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: umthamo - ukusuka ml-3 ukuya kwezi-5, Umbala - ukukhanya omdaka. Isigaba sesine ithatha malunga neyure. secretion Umbala hepatic iyahluka umnquma (inyongo vesical) de elityheli-yegolide evuthiweyo. pH Its = 6.5-7.5 kunye ukuxinana malunga - 1038. Isigaba sokugqibela, ukwabiwa kwe inyongo hepatic, ithatha imizuzu engama-20. Ukuxinana uyehla uye kuma-1011, pH = 7,5-8,2.

Ukutenxa kule parameters ngasentla liya kuba kubonisa ukuphazamiseka zophendlo lwezifo kwesibindi, isinye inyongo okanye imibhobho. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo izifo ukuyilwa amatye esinyini ngenxa yokwanda viscosity na kulwelo, kwakunye kophulwa umsebenzi wayo contractile. Njengoko ubona, kweli nqaku esiye sakuphonononga yaye bafunda imfihlelo kwesibindi - duct, intsingiselo kunye umsebenzi wayo kwiinkqubo ukwetyisa.