Umsebenzi enyongweni ukudla

Bile - ukuba yimfihlo iiseli zesibindi hepatocyte. It iqokelelane apha bile duct elincinane, uze ke ungena duct okuqhelekileyo ngalo - senyongo 12 duodenum. Imisebenzi umzimba inyongo zibalulekile. Omnye wemisebenzi yayo engundoqo - oko inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ze ukwetyisa.

Apho bile igcinwa?

Isinye inyongo yi itanki yokugcina inyongo. Ngethuba lesigaba ebonakalayo ukwetyisa, xa uphuma isisu ukuya duodenum 12 ngena ngokungaphelelanga zifunxe ukutya, kukho yabelwa ubuninzi kwexabiso layo. Eyona engundoqo Imisebenzi inyongo yabantu - inxalenye ukudla nokukhuthazwa umsebenzi secretory kunye motility yethumbu encinane, nayo leyo iqinisekisa nokuqwalaselwa bolus ukutya.

Bile, ephuma engena wokugaya le senyongo, ebizwa ngokuba oqolileyo kwaye zanikwa ngqo esibindini - abaselula, okanye isibindi.

Process kunye kukhuthaza biliary of enyongweni

Inkqubo adala hepatocytes efihlakeleyo (cholepoiesis) yenzeka rhoqo. Bayithatha ngaphandle uthotho izinto wokucoca igazi kwi emithanjeni inyongo. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa reabsorption ngamanzi nezimbiwa iityuwa ukwenzeka ukuyilwa yokugqibela ukwakhiwa ulwelo secretory. Le nkqubo lwenziwa kwi bile duct ne gallbladder. Inxalenye enyongweni elifaka amanzi ngqo kumlambo i-emathunjini, ibizwa ngokuba hepatic okanye abaselula. Kodwa ubunzima yayo engundoqo okongezeleke esinyini inyongo, leyo ezinambuzelayo bile duct. Senyongo bile oqokelela, kuba ubukhulu kunye kanzulu. Kuba mnyama ngaphezu esibindini.

Emini, iiseli sesibindi abadala ukuvelisa malunga ezimbini iilitha netuwa. Ukuzila ukuba ngenkankulu engena emathunjini. kukhuthaza Postprandial biliary kwenzeka (holekinez) ngo-12 duodenum. Kukho izenzo yenyongo njenge lokugaya, kwakunye bacteriostatic neyolawulo. E. Process ngokwayo komlawuli imveliso duct zinomgutyulo biliary.

Ngenxa yoko, i-asidi ngakumbi inyongo ekhutshelwa kwi-portal kwegazi (portal iphuma khona), kungona xiyimiso yabo ekwakhiweni duct, ngokufanelekileyo, encinane into kuhlelwe yi hepatocytes. Imisebenzi duct juice pancreatic ukugaywa esisiseko.

ukubunjwa enyongweni

Icandelo engundoqo inyongo acid ezi cholic. Uninzi (67%) - a cholic acid kunye chenodeoxycholic. Le asidi eseleyo - wesibini, ukutsho oko, avela kula asidi ezimbini: deoxycholic, alloholievaya, lithocholic kunye ursodeoxycholic ...

Zonke asidi inyongo zifumaneka le mfihlakalo ngohlobo iikhompawundi kunye taurine kunye glycine. Umxholo oluninzi sodium kunye potassium ion unika ukusabela inyongo obrak.

Ukongeza, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze inyongo ziquka ezinye izinto eziphilayo :

• Phospholipids.
• iikhompawundi protein, ezizezi immunoglobulins A and M.
• Yibilirubin kunye biliverdin (inyongo zombala).
• Cholesterol.
• Mucin.
• Lecithin.

Kwakhona, ion zesinyithi ezithile (zinc, ikopolo, ilothe, nemagnesium, indium, mercury), iivithamini A, B, C.

Onke amacandelo ngasentla ziyinxalenye kunye wesibindi, senyongo kunye inyongo; kodwa malunga 5 amaxesha ephantsi kwe ingqalelo yabo yokuqala ngaphezu elinesibini.

umsebenzi enyongweni

Baya becala zinxulumene umsebenzi iphecana zesisu. umsebenzi bile ukudla ezinxulumene ngothotho basabele enzymatic.

1. Phantsi impembelelo yawo kukho emulsification kwamafutha, ngaloo ndlela ngokuququzelela ukufunxeka zabo.
2. It neutralizes iziphumo ezinobungozi pepsin (component juice esiswini engundoqo), onako ukutshabalalisa enzyme pancreatic.
3. Iyazingenela motility ye emathunjini amancinci.
4. Kukhuthaza imveliso yencindi yomlomo.
5. Gastrointenstialnyh iyazingenela ukuveliswa iihomoni, secretin kunye cholecystokinin, leyo ziveliswa iiseli ze emathunjini amancinci kunye negalelo ummiselo secretion zepancreas.
6. Kuthintela adhesion (adhesion) of iintsholongwane kunye namacandelo proteinaceous.
7. It onesiphumo kubola kwi emathunjini kwaye inxaxheba ekubunjweni endleni.

Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi enyongweni ukudla zibalulekile. Kungenxa inkqubo inyongo wokudla, niqale esiswini, siyaqhubeka kwaye iphela emathunjini ngokukhuselekileyo.

ixabiso inyongo izokwazi umzimba womntu

Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa ukuba ngowona msebenzi ungundoqo inyongo ezinxulumene kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba, ngasizathu sithile, ukutshintsha isimo ibile okanye Asingeni wokugaya? Ukunqongophala okanye ukungabi nto ikhokelela ezimbi kakhulu:

• Cholelithiasis.
• Steatorrhea.
• isifo Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD), kunye nabanye.

cholelithiasis

Le ngezifo kunokwenzeka ngenxa ukwakhiwa engalungelelananga of inyongo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba inyongo lithogenic. propati ukuze bakufumane iimpazamo rhoqo ekutyeni, ezizezi ukuba ukutya esilawulwa amafutha ezilwanyana. nesibindi bile kunokulungiswa ngenxa yezifo yonyango. Ukongezelela, iimpawu lithogenic le secretion hepatic unakho ukufumana ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka of lipid ukutya, nto leyo idla sikhatshwe ukwanda ubunzima bomzimba. Isizathu sokuba utshintsho of inyongo ukubunjwa nabo babe nomonakalo wesibindi esosulelayo kunye ityhefu okanye yokuphila ngokwaneleyo esebenzayo (ukungazilolongi).

stearrhea

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, imisebenzi enxulumene ne inyongo emulsification kwamafutha. Ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile enyongweni, liyayeka ukuba ingena emathunjini amancinci ukutsala amanqatha kungenzeki; kwaye bayaqala lubalasele endleni. Kunjalo ke kukho ukunqongophala kwi secretion hepatic ye asidi inyongo (utshintsho kumafa wayo). Kulo mzekelo, endleni uba ukuvumelana ezimhlophe okanye engwevu kutyetyiswa. Le ngezifo kuthiwa steatorrhea. Nesi sifo, umzimba akanayo amafutha ngokwaneleyo kubalulekile, asidi okunamafutha kunye iivithamini. Ngenxa steatorrhea ubunzima kwesisu asezantsi, t. To. Abayi kuba yimidlalo chyme ezinjalo.

Indlela yokuhlola enyongweni?

Ukuze aphande isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi inyongo, wasebenzisa indlela eninzi ekumfakeni fraction duodenal. Le nkqubo iqulathe amanyathelo ezintlanu:

1. secretion carcinoma of inyongo - yinto ulwabiwo akwi common bile duct 12 secretion kunye isilonda duodenal. Oku ithatha malunga 15 imizuzu.
2. phase Secretory ikhefu okanye sphincter okuvala Oddi. Ixesha yesi sigaba imizuzu-3.
3. Isigaba ukwahlulwa residual inxenye A. inyongo ithatha malunga 5 imizuzu.
4. Isigaba ngokwahlukana senyongo inyongo iinxalenye B. Eli xesha ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30.
5. Ukuqhela bile hepatic - inxalenye S. Esi sigaba ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-20.

Ngoko ke, inxalenye 3 inyongo. Bonke bephela ezahlukeneyo kumafa. Eyona kanzulu inyongo vesical - inxalenye B. Uqulathe eyona mali inkulu okunamafutha acid, yibilirubin, kunye namanye amacandelo inyongo.

Le ndlela ivumela isifundo ukujonga iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze inyongo, ukwakhiwa kwayo, isixa esinyini inyongo, imeko iphecana biliary , kwaye ukuchonga kwasendaweni kwenkqubo yezifo.