Indida - oku ... zango physics. Imfundiso eziphikisanayo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, umntu wazama ukuqonda ihlabathi kunye nendawo yawo kulo. Ukusebenzisa ukucinga, imibuzo ethile umntu ezama ukufumana umongo kunye interrelation iziganeko kunye nezimo. ulwazi Modern yesintu - sisiphumo phantse ishumi lamawaka iminyaka uhlalutyo yenkuthalo zonke izinto ngalo abaphandi bajongene ihlabathi ngaphandle.

Yintoni imangalisayo?

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ulwazi evulekileyo, ngokubonelela ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ngaphezulu evela kweziganeko okanye iziganeko. Noko ke, nangona oku, kukho ngaphandle xa into eyenzekayo, kodwa andikwazi ukufumana incazelo enengqondo. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, onjalo inzululwazi isenzeko ubhekisela eziphikisanayo. Iguqulwe kwi yesiGrike "kephofu" (παράδοξος) - oku elingalindelekanga, engaqhelekanga. Le nkcazo kwavela ixesha elide eyadlulayo, ekuqaleni yempucuko yethu. inzululwazi yanamhlanje ithi loo nto imangalisayo - le meko okanye isiganeko, esibonakala yi ekubonakalisweni ecacileyo ubunyani kunye nokungabikho ngokupheleleyo nayiphi na ingcaciso ubhalo yeziphumo.

zango evela basoloko enemincili kwaye nomdla ingqondo yomntu ngenxa yempixano ephikisanayo kunye kungacaci. Nangona kungekho ingcaciso, le ndoda izama ukufumana nokusombulula le ngxaki phambi kwakhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezinye zango uphulukene nesidima phaku yaye wafudukela ukuqonda okucacileyo yasendle enengqondo. Okulandelayo, sifikelela kulwazi abanye kodwa phaku namhlanje iikona "mnyama". Siyathemba ukuba xesha iya kucaca into eza emva kwayo, yaye yintoni ubume kunye neempawu nesenzeko.

zango physics

Physics - inzululwazi, leyo osisityebi eziphikisanayo. Bona afumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi: nokushisa, hydrodynamics, ubucukubhede quantum. Siya kukunika imizekelo abathile kubo ukufikelela uhlobo ntetho umfundi.

1. Archimedes indida: inqanawe makhulu ukuhamba ngendlela eelitha ezimbalwa amanzi.
2. Tea leaf indida: emva ukuxubana onke amagqabi eti iti eqokelelwe embindini indebe, yaye kuchasene isenzo amandla centrifugal. Xa wesenzo, baya kufuneka bafudukela ezindongeni. Kodwa oku akwenzeki
3. Mlemby indida: amanzi ashushu phantsi kweemeko ezithile ngumkhenkce ngokukhawuleza ezibandayo.
4. indida D'Alembert esithi: umzimba semilo ungqukuva angawamkeli ukuxhathisa xa uhambisa i fluid efanelekileyo.
5. Indida of Einstein - Podolsky - Rosen: ezikude enye kwenye iziganeko efanayo.
6. cat Schrödinger esithi: indida quantum. Ikati kumazwe amabini (Isiqingatha Past oluFileyo) logama nje akukhangeli kuye.
7. Black ulwazi hole kephofu: ulwazi itshabalele xa watshayiswa emngxunyeni omnyama.
8. Imvelaphi indida, lo gama ukuhamba ngumbuzo bexesha ekuqaleni - izinto okanye ulwazi.

Kukho nezinye, eziphikisanayo twisiseka kakhulu physics.

Apho enye imangalisayo?

A isixa esikhulu ulwazi "mnyama" ikhona kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ebomini bethu. Izakufunyanwa ubuhlakani, izibalo kunye nezibalo, nejiyometri, chemistry. Ukongeza, kukho bulumko kwezoqoqosho zomthetho, eziphikisanayo,, ngokwasengqondweni-emzimbeni.

Ngokuqonda amathuba uthutha ngexesha nakweliphina icala (isondlo inzululwazi mihla iyakungqina oku kwenzeke) kwadilika wathulula kwisigqibo engaqhelekanga ezinxulumene hambo. Umzekelo, utatomkhulu imangalisayo ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Uthi ukuba uye emva kwexesha kwaye ukubulala utatomkhulu wakho, uya azalwe. Ngako oko, awukwazi ukubulala notatomkhulu wam.

physics quantum - ummandla eziphikisanayo

Kunye nesiqalo nokufika intsingiselo entsha inani eziphikisanayo physics linyuke kakhulu. Ngokutsho izazinzulu, kunokwenzeka mhlawumbi ukukholelwa okanye musa ukuqonda. physics quantum akawuxhasi imithetho ekhoyo eyaziwayo kwaye ibandakanya eziphikisanayo okuqhubekayo zichasene ingqiqo yethu. Ngokomzekelo, omnye yamasuntswana ukuba lungakhuseleki kwi omnye kungakhathaliseki umgama (bento efunekayo). indida Einstein kaThixo - Podolsky - Rosen ibandakanya kungekuphela nje imeko yamasuntswana nesenzeko kuzalana, kodwa nakwenzeka nomlinganiselo ngaxeshanye isikhundla kunye nemeko amasuntswana nezakhiwo. Ngokufutshane, umyinge physics uthathwa ukumkanikazi ubukumkani bengasiqondi.

"Kwale ngqiqo ngaphandle logic"

Apho enye, iziganeko ezingaqhelekanga ngezimanga? Makhe lokumba kwimathematika imfundiso yalo lilonke. edume kakhulu indida Monty Hall. kuqala kwenziwe karhulumente ngo-1990.

Igama lakhe imbeko omnye umdlalo show presenter, apho umdlali ukhethe ucango, emva leyo Ufihla umvuzo. Ukuba uchaze ngamazwi alula, imeko ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa umdlali litshintsha ukukhethwa kwayo emva ehamba isindululo, ukutshintsha ikhondo ezinye izenzakalo. Nangona ingcamango lilonke, umphumo kufuneka ulingano amathuba. Sokuqondwa epheleleyo ngakumbi khangela itshathi ezivakalisa iziphumo ezikhethiweyo umdlali kunye ulwalamano lwabo. Njengoko umthetho, indida - oku ziziphumo engalindelekanga ukuba asikwazi bachaza yi logic. indida Iholo umzekelo kuphela yintswela ubhalo kunye nendawo ibhaqwe ukusuka ingcamango lilonke. Sifumene engaphezu kweshumi nesenzeko phaku nezingaqhelekanga. Ngokomzekelo, iziganeko ezibini ezizimeleyo ziya kuba phantsi kwemiqathango oxhomekeke kuwe, ukuba omnye wabo akayi kuza kwenzeka. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba Berkson kephofu.

Ngokufutshane, indida - leli phutha wafumana kwaye kulindeleke iziphumo.

uhlobo kunokwenzeka ingenzeka kweziganeko bezinye iintlanga: imfundiso eziphikisanayo

Le lesayensi namhlanje iyaqhubeka ukujongana ubunjani i_i_isiseko iziganeko ezinjalo. Kukho ezinye sinoluvo lokuba ukuvumela ubukho 'emnyama' ulwazi kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo iinkcukacha.

• Ngokutsho kuguqulelo lula kwaye ifikeleleke ngakumbi ukuba kuvela ngenxa ulwazi engaphelelanga kweendlela okanye uhlobo algorithms okanye kwesiseko ubhalo yokucinga.
• Ngokutsho kwenye inguqulelo, oku kusetyenziswa indlela yokwakha uhlalutyo lingachanekanga, kodwa okwangoku kwamkelekile kakhulu. Ngamagama alula, kuphosakele ukusebenzisa ukucinga ngayo, kodwa namhlanje lo style kuluncedo kakhulu ukuba uluntu. Njengoko kubonisiwe ikhosi impucuko, loo nto yenzeka ngaphambili, kodwa ke ezi nguqu zenzeke cwaka kancinci.
• Kukho nenye hypothesis echaza unobangela nto imangalisayo. Ithi xa sijamelene imangalisayo, ithetha kwangaphambili ikamva.

Ingcaciso yile ilandelayo: ukuba isenzeko kwangaphambili kwixesha elizayo, umntu akakwazi ukutshintsha okanye kuchaphazela nto, nokuba ulwazi lwabo nokuqonda. Ngenxa yezi ziganeko zenzeka, kwezinye iimeko, ngenxa yazo kuba kuphikisana ekuqondeni esisengqiqweni.

isiphelo

Asikwazi uthi ngokucacileyo ukuba oyena nobangela kweziganeko engaqhelekanga okanye iziganeko. Noko ke, singatsho ukuba Qiniseka ukuba indida - oku "injini" ulwazi. Xa iziphumo ezingalindelekanga, izazinzulu ezininzi nabaphandi ukuya kwindlela elide yaye kunzima ukufuna inyaniso lwehlabathi kunye nendawo yawo kulo.