India: imithombo yendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwezoqoqosho

kwemithombo yendalo - yintsika yophuhliso loqoqosho nawuphi na ummandla. Ezi zibandakanya amanzi, umhlaba, ehlathini, ezolonwabo, amacandelo kwezimbiwa. Yonke into esisityebi India.

ilizwe ngoxolo

India - ilizwe kunye nenkcubeko yamandulo. Ngomhla kummandla karhulumente, kwakukho Iimpucuko ezininzi ukusuka BC yesithathu. Kodwa, Akumangalisi, bonke seluxolweni. India akazange ukuphuhlisa ngeendleko lokwanda langaphandle, kodwa ngeendleko kokoyisa abahlaseli nenkcubeko yalo phezulu, nto idume ixesha elide. Ilizwe ibe ngumthombo lendawo ezifunyaniswe ezininzi ehlabathini. iimeko zendalo kunye nezibonelelo India watsala kwezinye iintlanga. BaseYurophu bafuna ukufezekisa zombini ilizwe layo nolwandle.

Ukuba, ngaphandle kokuba indawo ezi iindlela kwakhokelela ekubeni ukufunyanwa Yehlabathi Elitsha. Ubutyebi of India Bakhoba bahlaseli. Ekuqaleni Aleksandr Makedonsky wayefuna ukuba nantoni na ukuze nokwandisa umbuso wakhe Indian Ocean. Emva koko, iinkanuko, yagqabhuka amaRoma, Chinese, Mongols, namaPersi, Ottoman, amaNgesi. I AmaNdiya baye bazenza ukuba thatha, uze emva koko yayingeyonxalenye abaye bebathimbile. Ukuba uchaze izibonelelo zendalo India ngokufutshane, singatsho ukuba kuvumela ilizwe ukuba imfuneko encinane asuka, a lot of kwamanye amazwe. Yaye kumaxesha amandulo, kwaye ngoku.

amanzi India

Eyona idumileyo kweli lizwe - umlambo Indus - wamnika igama layo kurhulumente lonke - India. Natural Resources Icandelo zolwelo ngaphandle kokuba ibandakanya kungekuphela nje umlambo inkulu lizwe, kodwa lonke Eurasia. Le iGanges, Brahmaputra kunye nemingenela yawo ezininzi. Bakhonza isiseko ukunkcenkceshela lomhlaba wezolimo. A amanzi e India phantse amathandathu ekhulwini ilizwe. Amachibi kweli lizwe ifana ndingekho, komhlaba isetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba nizalise ukunyibilika komkhenkce okanye neetyuwa. Kulo mzekelo, amandla imilambo ubukhulu becala imvula, nto leyo ibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwezolimo. Kumaxesha owomileyo, umgodi umlambo, yaye ngokufuthi kufika ngexesha lemvula egcina imali, nto leyo ngokufuthi ekhokelela kwizikhukula ye emasimini.

imithombo Land

Ukuba sihlolisisa iimeko zendalo kunye nezibonelelo ze-Indiya, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba, nangona kukho izixeko ezikhulu eli lizwe, ikakhulu ezolimo. Xa isityalo icala ngokukhawuleza. Imozulu ivumela ukufumana iintlobo ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngonyaka. Kodwa phambi loxinano eliphezulu labemi, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu izichumisi kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni eli lizwe of India akanawo imveliso eliphezulu.

Kuba izityalo ezisetyenziswa phantse amane ekhulwini intsimi, owanyusa ilizwe ukuya kwindawo yesine elizweni ngokwemigaqo kwimveliso yezolimo. India i phambili kwihlabathi imveliso yeti, pineapples kunye neebhanana. It ubekwa kwindawo yesibini lokuvuna zerayisi, eyesithathu - le icuba, sesine - yengqolowa nomqhaphu. Ukongeza, indawo ekhethekileyo kwimveliso wezolimo lwasekhaya ithatha iziqholo - ipepile emnyama, cardamom kunye cloves, nto leyo iye yacebisa Bulelani ezininzi abarhwebi yaseYurophu. Eli lizwe elona nani likhulu iinkomo - up to elinesihlanu ekhulwini lilonke yehlabathi. Kulo mzekelo, inkomo isilwanyana engcwele kwaye kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa inyama idrafti namandla.

Umhlaba yabelwe amadlelo, kuncinane kakhulu - ngaphantsi kwe pesenti ezintlanu. India livelise ukulima iinkukhu, ukufama ihagu, ukufuya iigusha neebhokhwe. River kunye ukuloba elwandle. Eli lizwe umlimi inkulu bomqhaphu ngelaphu - ngaphezulu kwe amabini ekhulwini lilonke yehlabathi.

ulwazi-mahlathi

iindawo Ihlathi kuhlawula ngaphezulu kwe amabini ekhulwini kummandla welizwe a afana ne-Indiya. izibonelelo zendalo olu hlobo kweli lizwe eneneni awukho. Ngapha koko, inkoliso amahlathi - zemvula ashinyeneyo hayi Godea kwiimfuno zekhaya, nokuphungula kummandla malayas akuvumelekanga. Kodwa ezinye avela iinkuni, umzekelo kunye shellac ngamaplanga, kuvunwa kuphela iinjongo kumazwe angaphandle. Njengoko amahlathi unikezele amaIndiya iinkuni nje kuphela kodwa angumthombo rosin yentlaka, yayingcongolo, uqalo, ukutya, nemithi par kunye kwezolimo kukuba umondli zabantu. Kwaye ke components iinkuni zisetyenziswa kumalungiselelo ezininzi zonyango.

izakhi yolonwabo

Umntu ngoyaba ukwahluka iimeko zemozulu kunye neenqobo zenkcubeko, emele India. Resources Natural yokuzonwabisa karhulumente yamandulo imelwe ikakhulu kwimbali nenkcubeko indawo - zonke iintlobo ezikhumbuzo emininzi zaphawula ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka edumileyo Taj Mahal.

ulwalathiso Environmental of Resources Natural data ibonisa iipaki zesizwe kunye nenkangeleko ezingaqhelekanga. Yekelela kule ndawo idumileyo ukuba kumanxweme yayo e-Indiya - Goa - sele abe igama indlu. Nangona kungekho ziphakamileyo yelizwe zehlabathi - Chomolungma, ahlala abantu kunye neendawo bezizama kweli lizwe abaphuhlisa ngayo ephala.

Inkcazelo emfutshane kwemithombo kwezimbiwa

Uphawu lwe ilizwe ubukho kummandla lunalo imikrolo zonke iintlobo: enyangweni entabeni uluhlu ehlabathini - malayas, lehewu uDean amathafa Indo-Gangetic. Esi sisiseko yokuba izibonelelo izimbiwa-Indiya zininzi kwaye zahlukene. Eyona ndawo iphambili ingenzeka yamatye ekrwada i kumntla-mpuma lizwe, apho iidiphozithi ezikhoyo ze-aluminiyam, titanium nesinyithi sisimbiwa, iidipozithi manganese zesinyithi ezinqabileyo. Coalfield mpumalanga nangona izinga eliphantsi izinto zisetyenziswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kumazantsi eli lizwe zizityebi webauxite, negolide, chromite namalahle omdaka, inxalenye eyintloko yelizwe - amalahle zesinyithi ayoni. Riverside wasinika uluhlu monazite isanti equlethe uranium ekrwada. Kulo msebenzi kushishino lwezimbiwa swi kurhwebo lwasekhaya, kodwa emigodini intsimbi, webauxite, mica, manganese nezakuthengiswa kwiimalike kwamanye amazwe. Ukubakho in India zesinyithi anqabileyo iidipozithi - ingakumbi igolide nesilivere - wenza eli lizwe inkokeli kwihlabathi ekwenziweni izacholo.

ezimbiwa ore

Indian iqonga liye laba isiseko kwindawo eyahlukileyo metallogenic equlethe lonke lechibi kunye idipozithi enye esikrwada - intsimbi, manganese, Konqueror. Ingakumbi oku kusebenza oovimba esiqinisekisiweyo yentsimbi ekrwada, apho kukho iitoni billion ezilishumi elinambini. Gesi kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza ukuze ishishini ngentsimbi Indian nangona yeyona inkulu yeshumi ehlabathini ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso, kodwa ayikwazi ukumelana nokuqwalaselwa yonke loo mali.

Ngoko ke, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha intsimbi ekrwada sele kusetyenzwa kweli lizwe kwamanye amazwe aphesheya. Umxholo inamacandelo ziluncedo manganese ore kunye chromite geni kwinxalenye eyintloko yelizwe, libe phezulu intsimbi. Oku Ungongeza ubukho iidipozithi ezinkulu webauxite kunye kulinganiselwa ngaphezu kweetoni billion ezintathu. Ngaphandle kwezi zolondolozo zifumaneka ores ezinomthamo ephakamileyo zinc, ilothe nangobhedu, nomlindi iintsimbi zabo ezixabisekileyo.

amandla enyukliya

Kufuneka kwakhona kuqaqambisa iidipozithi ezixabisekileyo kwezibonelelo esikrwada, equlethwe unxweme ehlabathini lonke izwekazi Indiya. iidipozithi Monazite ziqulathe radioactive thorium neyuranium ores. Active uphuhliso lwabo eye wavumela Indiya ukuba angene uluhlu imibuso behlabathi. Ngaphezu koko radioactive izinto kwentlabathi monazite ziqulathe titanium kunye zirconium.

wamalahle

Isikakhulu izimbiwa non-sisinyithi, kwizicatshulwa emhlabeni, kuba eNdiya ngamalahle. amalahle Brown kwi imveliso iyonke ithatha umthamo omncinane - ekhulwini ngaphantsi kwesithathu, yengundoqo ilitye focus. awo elise ikakhulu kumntla-mpuma India. Xa oovimba engqiniweyo eli lizwe zeeteksi wesixhenxe kuphela ehlabathini - malunga asibhozo billion neetoni. Kodwa nezokukhupha India eziphili ibamba wamaSundu ngaphezu asixhenxe ekhulwini yemveliso yehlabathi.

Eyona ndlela iphambili zepetroli amalahle are (ngaphezu kwama asibhozo ekhulwini amandla efunyenwe izityalo wamandla oshushu of India) kunye ekrwada (yokunyibilikisa isinyithi). amalahle Brown isetyenziselwa kuphela iinjongo amandla.

Production oil

Kwiminyaka ye-amahlanu zenkulungwane yokugqibela, izimbiwa of India, zizityebi hydrocarbon eziveliswe kuphela ngokugqithileyo States Intshona-mpuma Assam. Kodwa luphuhliso olukhawulezayo kwimihlaba yeoli ehlabathini lonke izityebi elitsha iidipozithi oyile esafunyanwa Gudzhorate kunye nolwandle kuLwandle umArabhi, ngo anekhulu elinamanci mabini neekhilomitha kumntla Mumbai. Nezokukhupha zegolide abamnyama baqalisa ukuba ngokukhawuleza. Ngoku India uvelisa iitoni ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezine ngonyaka ngamnye, nto leyo malunga elinye ekhulwini yemveliso yehlabathi. Noninzi lwezinto imveliso liqikelelwa kwi kweetoni ngaphezu kwezigidi ezisibhozo, kwaye esi salathisi eli lizwe ithatha indawo yesibini amabini ehlabathini. Kucacile ukuba iimfuno zangaphakathi oko akwanelanga, neoli ngomnye wemiba ephambili sokungena.

diamonds

Izityebi kakhulu India? izibonelelo zendalo ezifana non-ebuntsimbi ngaphandle amalahle neoli okhankanywe ngentla - le mifanekiso, muscovite kwaye, kakade, idayimani. Ngaphezu zeminyaka emibini, eli lizwe wahlala phantse umthombo kuphela idayimani ehlabathini. Kodwa amazwe yokupasa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo emephini nehlabathi ngabantu baseYurophu kwabangela ukuba isibakala sokuba Indiya ayikhange ezilahlekileyo into ekhethekileyo kulo mba. Kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo kwafunyaniswa ukuba imithombo diamond ukuba uyaphela kweli lizwe kunye neyomhlaba wonke ukuba nezokukhupha amatye anqabileyo eziyi-Brazil.

Kodwa ilizwe South American kudala entendeni. Ngoku ke nani likhulu kwedayimani geni eMzantsi Afrika Botswana, uMzantsi Afrika kunye Angola, kwakunye eRashiya naseKhanada. Kodwa diamonds phantse lonke ihlabathi edumileyo apho amagama zabo, babe imvelaphi yabo kwimigodi Indiya.

amandla Alternative

Ukuvavanywa kwemithombo yendalo Indiya uvumela ukuba uqaphele ukuba lizwe usebenzisa oovimba ezikhoyo ukuya eliphezulu, kodwa akayeki apho. Urhulumente yenye yeenkokheli yehlabathi kusetyenziso eminye imithombo yamandla. India ubekwa kwindawo yesihlanu ehlabathini ngokubhekiselele kwimveliso amandla omoya. Lo mthombo kuthatha ekhulwini ngaphezu ezisibhozo amandla iyonke amandla eli lizwe.

A ukusetyenziswa enokubakho amandla elanga ngaphezu amathandathu, anamakhulu terawatts. Oku ke igunya lehlabathi kuphela, leyo inkonzo efanelekileyo. imisebenzi yayo swi kuphuhliso angahlaziyekiyo (solar, umoya, ekuphakameni) kunye eminye imithombo yamandla.