Ezintabeni Khibiny. Indawo emephini, ubude photo

Hibiny - zokhahlamba etsala abaphandi kunye nabathandi indalo ixesha elide. Ayikho nzima nezinye iingingqi. Ukuqhubela ku ezintabeni kwezothutho wendlela. Okanye enye indlela - ukufika-moya okanye ukuqeqesha Murmansk.

Indawo kanye nesimo

ezintabeni Khibiny abakulo Kola lizwe phakathi Lake Imandra ne Umbozero. Bamele afanayo kwamantloko ihewu-like. Ingongoma iphezulu -. 1201 m Le ntaba Yudychvumchorr, inxalenye Khibiny massif. I-avareji zintaba kweemitha 1000.

Kukho khondo ezininzi umsebenzi yamandulo glacial. Oku kuboniswa ezinjalo iintlobo isiqabu, njengoko zonwabise kunye nesohlwayo. Njengoko ngokunjalo imikhombe - Valley vypahannye glacier, ezifana kumkhombe.

Kukho iziphumo permafrost - kurums, imilambo yelitye njalo-. A mathafa ibekwe ulwandle ngamatye lonke.

phawu neznye

ezintabeni Khibiny bamele isakhiwo yikristale - ukuba abazali. Le umzimba uphela zejoloji, eyakhiwa nasemaweni imvelaphi ukubona. Kweli hlabathi ka-8 kuphela intrusions ezinjalo. Oku liyindlela yobeko kakuhle ukanti imilo intsimbi yehashe, kuba inkoliso yabhalwa zeengxondorha - syenites nepheline. Kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho mlilo enkulu ukuba opholileyo, kwaye daka lo acacisa. Ngoko ke, apha safumana izimbiwa ezahlukeneyo malunga 800. Ezinye zazo ethile kuphela kule ndawo.

Amagama kunxibelelana zokuhlala mihla izimbiwa bafumana apha: kwentlabathi nepheline, Apatity, Titan. Emva theory iintaba iqhwa enzima kule ndawo kuye kwabakho kuvuselele ziitectonic plates. Kwaba obungalinganiyo, njengoko kuboniswa ngobume bezakhelo zomhlaba. Babe uhlobo mlilo, kungqameko apho iqanjwa zeengxondorha ezindala ngaphezu embindini. Malunga nezigidi ezingama-20 kwiminyaka Hibiny lenyuka ukuya kwiimitha 500 ngentla amathafa ezingqongileyo. Ke kwabakho ikhefu elide kule minyaka izizigidi 15. Ke kwakhona, intaba yaqalisa ukukhula, eli xesha kabini ukuphakama kwawo.

sezulu

iimeko zemozulu, kuxhomekeka kwindawo kuyo, kufuneka ezintabeni Khibiny. Ngomhla imephu North-West inxalenye yaseYurophu Russia kunokubonwa ukuba uninzi lizwe kubekwe kwi Arctic Circle. Sekunjalo, imozulu ufudumele ngaphezu kwezinye iingingqi Far North. Ubungqongqo yezulu lengingqi mpuluswa kufuphi indawo noLwandle Barents, njengoko oku njengenxalenye olwandle uyeza ngoku Cape Nord-yafudumala. Ngoko ke, lo sezulu ngobulungisa inobulali, kunye kuneqabaka kakhulu zinqabile kakhulu.

Ngenxa indawo Khibiny kwi Arctic esilawulwa iinyanga ezintandathu ngorhatya. emini Winter omncinane yaye sihlala iiyure 2-3. Ubusuku polar ithatha malunga neenyanga ezine - ixesha xa ilanga lingaphumi ngaphezu kolundi. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba isondele kwipali kazibuthe lomhlaba kungaba kuyabonakala ngumkhuba gqitha - ezi ezimibalabala Aurora.

Summer ithatha iinyanga ezimbini ezinesiqingatha. Iqondo lobushushu ezakhayo ngobukhulu - Julayi 20. I-avareji ngenyanga 13 degrees. Ixesha obubanda kakhulu ngoJanuwari. I-avareji lobushushu kwinyanga -11 degrees. A negative kakhulu uphawu ebusika -35 ⁰ C iintaba Khibiny. Iifoto kwezi ndawo zibonisa ukuba apha basoloko enkungwini, amafu aphezulu. Oku kubonisa ifuthe nkanyamba kwi ntsimi. Umbilo iwela kakhulu ngohlobo ikhephu.

Flora

Uqweqwe uhlaza iquka imimandla eliqela. Zone coniferous kunye namahlathi mixed ikakhulu emazantsi leentaba nezihlambo emlanjeni kwiindawo ezise eliphantsi. Le ndawo iphela kwintaba ephakame oziimitha 470 kwaye ithatha nesinye kwisithathu uluhlu. It esilawulwa nespruce kunye ezinde. Ehlathini uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana rowan, Aspen, intaka cherry.

Ngaphezu ummandla subalpine iqala ezinde. Ibanga kwi zinomtya emxinwa phakathi iibhanti behlathi nenamathafa. Kukho ukukhula ezinde, nenomlanga, iglowubhu intyatyambo, geranium, ikhakakhaka.

Elilandelayo ummandla intaba-emathafeni. Kuthatha malunga nesiqingatha indawo iphela Khibiny Iintaba. Le uhlaza elandelayo ityholwana eqhelekileyo. Ekuqaleni Agasti iqhubeka ixesha berry. Ukuvuthwa aluhlaza, blueberry, cloudberry. Xa kokwindla, ngexesha lokuba cranberries. Ezingasentla tundra moss-ulele. Ubulembu esilawulwa eluhlaza sphagnum. Ulele zifikelela imilambo nezinkulu ilitye elikhulu. Apha sikhula ezininzi izityalo ifakiwe kwiNcwadi oluBomvu.

amagama toponymy

abantu bomthonyama kule ndawo zithathwa Hibin Sami. Kwimephu ezi iintaba rhoqo igama ngolwimi lwabantu. Noko ke, kukho amaxabiso abahlukeneyo. Ekubeni njengolwimi Saami of the Kola yeKapa neziyelelane eziliqela.

Enye inguqulelo ngemvelaphi igama iintaba elithi "hiben" - ihewu. Sami ngokwemibandela wabahlula Khibiny Mountain iinxalenye ezimbini: Umbozersky kunye Lavozerskie. Okokuqala ngolwimi lwabo elizongomayo Umptek, okwesibini - Luyavrurt.

Sami weza kunye negama lomlambo kuqala, uze emva koko kwathiwa intlambo kulo. Kwaye ngoko ie zibe. Inxalenye yokuqala yegama - iimpawu (eziphakamileyo, ezinamatye). Enye inkalo ngezelizwe (ntaba, umlambo, ichibi). Umzekelo, Lake Vudjavr. Iinkuni - intaba wambu kwetyholo. Ingcambu Yavr - echibini. Ngenxa yoko, Sami wavumela iinkcazelo into elula. Phakathi kwabo Vudjavr - ichibi endulini elinamatyholo.

zintaba Khibiny - indawo emangalisayo apho ukuya kutyelela kwaye ufuna. Le yindawo ekhethekileyo, apho indibanisela ezintabeni, kumathafa, amachibi amaninzi ngamanzi ecacileyo kwaye ezo ezimibalabala aurora. Hibiny ebizwa ukufunyaniswa kwezimbiwa ngasekunene.