Indawo yaseCazan State Aircraft egama linguS SP Gorbunov

I-Kazan Gorbunov Iindiza zeenqwelo-moya yiyona ndlela ehamba phambili yeenqwelo-moya zaseRussia ezijolise ekuhlanganiseni izibhamu zeqhinga, iindiza zentlalo kunye nezizodwa. Ukususela ngo-2013 liSebe lePJSC "iTupolev".

Inkcazelo

I-OJSC I-Kazan Aviation Plant ikolakala eKazzan, inkunzi-dolobha yaseTatarstan. Ukongeza kwimveliso ephambili, ugijima kwindawo ye-moya yaseBorisoglebskoye, ehlala kufuphi. Eli shishini ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni kwelizwe. Iibhola zexesha elide leenjongo ezicwangcisiweyo, kubandakanywa nabakwazi ukuthutha izixhobo zenuzi, zenziwe apha.

I-KAZ inomsebenzi ophezulu wesayensi kunye nokuvelisa. Amava aqokelelweyo asenza sikwazi ukuqhuba uphuhliso lweeprojekthi eziphambili. Kwiindonga zayo, iinqununu ezizodwa zokuthembeka ziqokelelwa kwiNtloko kaMongameli weRussia Federation, i-General Staff, kunye nezakhiwo zobunhloli.

Ubomi bemihla ngemihla

Iprojekthi yaseKazan Aviation yasungulwa okokuqala njengesebe lefektri yaseMoscow. Ukubekwa kweworkshop yokuqala kwaqala ngowe-1932, ngowe-1935 izibonelelo eziphambili zakhiwe. Ngokufanayo, isityalo sakhiwe, indawo yokuhlala indawo ebizwa ngokuba yi "Social Town". Nangona kunjalo, ukuchithwa kwezigwebo kwabakhokelela ekusebenzeni abasebenzi, kwaye ukukhululwa kwangempela kwendiza kwalawulwa kuphela ngo-1938.

Iiplani zokuqala zazikhulu-ukuqokelela ama-giants of sky ANT-16, ANT-20 (Maxim Gorky), i-ANT-26 (kunye nomthwalo webhomu ye-toni ezili-16 kunye namaphiko ama-95 wamitha). Nangona kunjalo, izicwangciso ezongezelelweyo zephepha azizange zihambe. Kwimibutho yesithathu ephakamileyo i-ANT-20bis idluliselwe kwi-slipways ngowe-1936, kuphela ngo-1939 kwakunokwenzeka ukuhlanganisa yokuqala kubo (kunye nomyalelo wombuso kwiiyunithi ezili-18). Amava okuvelisa iDB-A bombers "Annushka" aphumelelanga.

Kuzuko lwe-Motherland

Ngomnyaka we-1939 iCazan Aviation Plant yaqala ukuyiqonda imodeli entsha "uMatshini wesi-2" - i-Pe-8 yoyilo lwePetakoakov. I-4-motor bomber-transporter yaba yintloko kwi-DKA ye-Army ebomvu kwaye yazisa isityalo njengobunzima bemisebenzi. I-Pe-8 (ANT-42) yaba yi-Soviet yokuqala ye-speed-high-aircraft yeklasi "yeFlying Fortress". Wayephethe iifomu ezikhethiweyo ezichaseneyo ngokuthe kancinane kwi-angular "yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza" kwezizukulwana zangaphambili.

Emva kancinci, umzekelo oyintloko wesityalo wawuyi-bomber bhobhe yomqambi omnye uPe-2. Ngexesha lemfazwe, i-KAZ yaqokelela ngeemoto ezili-10 000. Imveliso yasebenza ngaphandle kokuyeka, ngeveki neeeholide.

Utsalane obaluleke kakhulu

Imfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili ibonise ukubaluleka kweembombo zebhomu ezinzima ezinokukwazi ukuphazamisa isiseko sezitha kunye nemveliso. Ngokuphuhliswa kwamabhomu amaninzi, ukusebenza kwabo kuye kwanda. Kwiminyaka yokuqala yoxolo, i-Kazan Aviation Plant yavelisa ikopi yeModeli yase-American B-29 ebonakaliswe kakuhle phantsi kwe-brand TU-4. Nangona kunjalo, indiza yepiston eneenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo zeenqwelo-moya ezingaphezu kwama-5000 km yayingeyona yelizwekazi. Ngaloo nto i-USA yaba yinto ephambili yokulwa ne-USSR.

I-jet yesiqendu esingu-Tu-16, onokukwazi ukwenza ngokubini njengombhobho, njengomqhubi wesikhephe, isithuthi sokubonga, i-tanker, njl njl., Yaba yintlupheko. Isantya se-980 km / h kunye nokuphakama kwe-13,400 m senze ukuba kube lula ukunqoba imigca yokukhusela emoyeni. Nangona kunjalo, uluhlu lwayo lube ngaphantsi kwee-Tu-4 - 4000 km. Kwakusebenza ngokumalunga nokuqulunqwa kwemikhumbi, kwongezelela ukutsha kwamandla omkhosi we-Soviet Navy kunye nokhuselo lwamaNxweme. Isixhobo sokuqala se-serial senziwa kwi-KAZ ngo-1953. Ngokwezibalo, i-Tu-16, ihoxiswe kwinkqubo yeRussia Air Force kuphela kwi-90s, yindiza ehlala ixesha elide kwihlabathi. Iimpawu zayo eziguquguqukayo ziyaqhubeka zikhonza eChina kunye namanye amazwe.

Isigaba esilandelayo kwakuyintsapho yeenqwelo eziqhekezayo ezinqamlekileyo ze-missile T-22. Imodeli eyintloko yaveliswa ukususela ngo-1960 ukuya ku-1966. Iingqununu ezingama-311 zaqokelelwa. Ukususela ngo-1967 ukuya ku-1990, kwenziwa utshintsho kwi-Tu-22M (0-1), iTu-22M2 kunye ne-Tu-22M3 kunye neendlela eziphucukileyo ze-aerodynamics kunye nezobugcisa.

Iinqwelo zomlilo

Ukongezelela ukulwa neenqwelo, iKhazan Aviation Plant yavelisa abahamba ngeenqwelo. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-50, urhulumente wathuma, ngokusekelwe kumzekelo we-Tu-16 ophumeleleyo, ukuyila iindiza zokuthuthwa kwabagibeli kunye nempahla. Ngenxa yoko, u-Tu-104 wadalwa - owokuqala kwi-USSR umgibeli wendiza ekuqhunyeleni kwe-jet. Ngomnyaka we-1956, inguqu ephuculweyo ye-Tu-110 yeefowuni zeqela kunye nobhala abaqhelekileyo yenziwe.

Ngama-1960, inxalenye yesikhundla yaphinde yavuselelwa ukuthutha kunye nabagibeli bexesha elide i-IL-62, eyatshintshwa yi-IL-62M. Kuze kube ngo-1994, iiyunithi ezingama-278 zombini ziguqulelwe. Phakathi kwee-1990, i-KAZ yenze imodeli yeTu-214, eyayiqinisekisiwe ngo-1997. Ngoku i-bureau yoyilo isebenza kwiiprojekthi zomgibeli omfutshane we-Tu-324 kunye nesithuthi seTu-330.

"I-White Swan"

12/18/1981 Uhambo lokuqala lwaluqhutywe yi-Tu-160 ye-bomber eyayingakaze yenzeke, ebizwa nge-NATO "Blackjack". Ubume bawo obunqamlekileyo ngephiko elikhukhulayo edizayo lifana ne-swan eyaziwayo. Ngako oko, eRussia, ubizwa ngokuba ngumthi "i-White Swan".

Nangona ukuveliswa kwayo kuphelile, i-Kazan Aviation Plant. I-SP Gorbunov evela kumongameli wathola umyalelo wokuqalisa kwakhona i-bombomber strategy ephuculweyo ye-avionics, izitsha ezintsha zekhompyutha kunye nezobuchwepheshe. Uluhlu lwee-14,000 km luyakuvumela ukuba uthinte iithagethi kwamanye amazwekazi. I-160 yeyona ndawo isiseko senkampani ye-aviation ye "nuclear nuclear" yaseRashiya.

U ku velisa

Kuba namhlanje i-KAZ yenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Ukulungiswa kwexesha le-Tu-22M3.
• Ukuveliswa, inkonzo ye-Tu-160.
• Ukuveliswa, ukugcinwa kokuguqulwa kweTu-214.
• IL-62M yeNkonzo.
• Ukuveliswa kweenqwelo-moya ezizodwa.
• Ukuphuhliswa kweenqwelo ezintsha.

I-aircraft ye-aircraft yaseKazan ihlala igunyazisiweyo kwizakhiwo zendiza. Imibutho nePJSC "iTupolev" ikhawuleza ukuqaliswa kweemodeli ezintsha zeenqwelo moya kwaye ivumela ukuhlanganiswa kwemveliso.