Imisinga Yintoni liyenza

Xa sifunda engundoqo Electrical kwinqanaba elinye imisinga livakale ngokuyimfuneko zithathwa kunye yombane. La ke ezendeleyo kwiisekethe AC kwaye isenokuba engathandekiyo kudinga ingqalelo kwi Ukulinganisa namandla ziguquka iziphaluka kunye luncedo.

Umzekelo, livakale kwisekethe AC isoloko isetyenziswa radio: yalungisa yesekethe oscillation esekelwe kwi ombane livakale, oko ivumela izihlandlo eziliqela ukuze ikhulise eliphantsi uphawu osebenzisa amandla, ekubeni ngenxa yenguqu "capacitance-inductance" yi ukukhula amaxabiso ntshikilelo olusebenzayo.

Uthe circuit oscillation - sisiseko ukuqonda indlela livakale langoku (okanye) uxinezeleko. It is a kwiikhamera zombane kuqulethe capacitor enxulumene ngokunxuseneyo (kwitanki C) kunye coil (inductance L). Kubo ngokusebenzisa inkqubo "zokumpompa 'amandla ka capacitance yentsimi zombane lo mhlaba otsalayo kukho inductance self-mlilo (ngenxa yokuba ubukho resistive candelo R) ukuhla ye ezineqondo ethile.

Kwimo resonant yesekethe ukumelana wawo ukuya kuvala ingxingwa icandelo yangoku esebenzayo emelwe R. Kukho kuphela livakale ekhoyo kunye ombane ekuvakaleni kwelizwi. Cinga iimpawu zazo.

Intlokoma ngoku kwenzeka kwisekethe ngokunxuseneyo kunye capacitor ivuliwe kwaye coil, apho amanqaku zikhethwa ukuze langoku C kunye L iyasetyenziswa na. Ngenxa «CL» ixabiso ngoku kwisekethe ingaphezulu kwitsheyini iyonke.

Umgaqo tyando ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: xa amandla phezulu, lo ekondensa isigxina nokwanda (ukuba amandla ombane supply). Emva koku kwanele lokuqhawula umthombo uze ugqibezele le sekethe kumphathi wesekethe ukuqalisa inkqubo alahlwayo kwi-coil. Ukudlula ezikhoyo kungenisa a Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye olwakha self-yoqheliso amandla electromotive, ngoku oppositely ngqo. ixabiso layo eliphezulu ekufikelelwe kuso ngexesha yokumpompoza ngokupheleleyo capacitor. Ngoko ke, oku kuthetha ukuba lonke amandla amandla amaninzi mhlaba otsalayo lithuthwa inductance. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa self-yoqheliso coil kwisindululo amasuntswana ebizwayo uvinjwa.

Ekubeni counterflow ukusuka capacitor sabakho (nguye ndidiniwe), iqala kwenzeka sitshajwe, kodwa a wokwephuka eyahlukileyo. Ngenxa yoko, bonke coil endle aguqulwa ukungakuhlawulisi capacitor kunye uyaziphinda inkqubo. Ngenxa yobukho lwangaphakathi lwecandelo resistive R lwenzeka kancane nokunyuka. Ngenxa yoko, livakale yangoku luyenziwa.

Intlokoma stress kwenzeka udibaniso uthotho resistor R, i L coil kunye capacitor C. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba le ombane unikezelo lwamandla lingaphantsi capacitor kunye coil (kwi isiqalelo ngasinye ngokwahlukeneyo), kodwa ngoku ngokulinganayo igcinwa. Ngaphezu koko, le ombane yaye ngoku sele kwisigaba. Eyona engundoqo imeko yokuba ibe ukuvela kunye nokugcinwa yale nkqubo - yokulingana reactance ezenza kunye capacitive. Ngako oko, le ukuvimba kufumaniseke ukuba esebenzayo.

Ukuze ubone amaxabiso eyiyo ombane lonke coil kunye capacitor zisetyenziswa umthetho Ohm kaThixo. Kwimeko ke ilingana imveliso coil zangoku kwi reactance ezenza (U1 = IX1). Ngako oko, le angoku capacitor kufuneka liphindaphindwe capacitance (U2 = IX2). Ezesizwe uthotho uqhagamshelo iziqalelo ngoku, yaye ukuze livakale X1 = X2 ombane ngaphesheya inductance kunye capacitance bayalingana. Ngenxa yoko, ukwandisa amacandelo lovukelo, unako ukufikelela ukunyuka okubonakalayo U1 ombane kunye U2, lo gama kugcinwe amaxabiso rhoqo umthombo EMF. Eyona ndawo lwesicelo - a lobunjineli radio.