I-PP Shirshov Institute of Oceanology ye-Academy of Sciences yaseRussia: imbali kunye neempawu

I-Institute of Oceanology ye- Academy of Sciences yaseRussia (i-Russian Academy of Sciences) ithandwa kwaye iyaziwa kwizandi zenzululwazi. Kwaye siyazi ntoni ngaye? Kutheni beyidala? Yintoni efundwa kuyo? Ngubani owayengumlawuli wokuqala? Ezi zinto kunye nezinye iimbali ezivela kwimbali yeziko eliza kufumana kwinqaku lethu.

Ulwazi olufutshane

Isiko se-Oceanology. P.P. I-RAS yaseShirshov yindawo ephakamileyo kunazo zonke zophando kwilizwe lethu kwintsimi yesayensi yolwandle. Yayibizwa ngokuba ngumlawuli wayo wokuqala, uPetr Petrovich Shirshov, owayesakuba ngumbutho wamazwe aseSoviet, owayengumbutho wama-hydrobiologist kunye nomphenyi we-polar. I-Institute of Oceanology egama layo emva kweShirshov yasungulwa ngokomyalelo we-Presidium ye-Academy yeSayensi yeSoviet Union ngoJanuwari 31, 1946. Itholakala kwisixeko saseMoscow kwidilesi: 36 I-Avenue yeNakhimovsky.

KwiNtloko yeShirshov, izazinzulu ezifana neSVV. Bruevich, V.B. Shtokman, A.D. Dobrovolsky, L.A. Zenkevich nabanye. Namhlanje ngaphantsi kwephiko leziko kukho ii-laboratories ezingama-38 zenzululwazi. Abantu abangama-1,267, kubandakanya oogqirha abangama-98 bezesayensi nabaviwa abayi-220 bezesayensi ezahlukeneyo. Kwisakhiwo seziko lenzululwazi kukho iZiko lokuThuthukiswa koLwandle kunye noPhando.

ISebe, eliqulethe iZiko le-Oceanology Shirshov

Iziko lophando linamasebe asixhenxe kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo kulo lonke elaseRashiya:

• Kaliningrad Atlantic;
• Gelendzhik esezantsi;
• Arkhangelsk North-West;
• Isebe laseAstrakhan Caspian;
• Isebe laseSt. Petersburg;
• BaseKaliningrad Atlantic Fleet Base;
• Vladivostok I-Pacific Fleet Base.

Imisebenzi yamanxweme

Isiko se-Oceanology. P.P. I-RAS yaseShirshov isebenza ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. Umsebenzi oyintloko oososayensi ugqitywe yiSikolo seSayensi saseRussia. Ukongeza, iCandelo lisebenza phantsi kweprogram yelizwe. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni le sikhungo sophando kwaye yintoni umsebenzi wayo oyintloko.

Iinkalo eziphambili zemisebenzi kwisayensi kunye nesetyenziswe uphando:

• I-Climatology, kwakunye ne-physics yolwandle nolwandle;
• I-Hydrochemistry yamanxweme nolwandle, ukuhlanjululwa kwamanxweme ekungcola;
• Ukuveliswa kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuhluka kwezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle ngenxa yezinto ze-climatic and anthropogenic, i-ecology kunye ne-biology yolwandle nolwandle;
• Geophysics, chemistry, dynamics, geology, amaminerali, sedimentogenesis yolwandle;
• I-Seismology yezilwandle, kunye nokubethelwa kwe-electro- kunye nesistim ye-Earth crust;
• Izinto eziyingozi ezenzeka kwi-Ocean Ocean, kunye neentlekele zemvelo;
• Ukudala izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokufunda ulwandle nolwandle;
• Ukutshintshisana kwamanzi kunye ne-hydrodynamics elwandle;
• I-Acoustics, iinkqubo zokushukumisa kunye ne-cavitation;
• Ulwandle kunye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo, ukusetyenziswa kwazo okunengqiqo.

Eminye imisebenzi

Isiko se-Oceanology. P.P. I-RAS yaseShirshov yenza iiprojekthi zophando zenzululwazi, ezixhaswa kakhulu ngeziseko zenzululwazi, kunye nemibutho yamazwe angaphandle nakwamanye amazwe. Ukongezelela, iziko lezenzululwazi liququzelela kwaye liqhuba uphando olwandle kunye nokuhamba komhlaba, kuquka amazwe ngamazwe. I-Institute of Oceanology RAS. I-Shirshova inikeza iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni nasekulawuleni izixhobo zobugcisa kunye neempahla. Iingcali zenzululwazi nazo ziququzelele kwaye zenze i-geodesic, i-hydrometeorological, i-ecological and geological surveys.

Ngokwe siseko sendawo, abahlukahlukeneyo banikela umsebenzi wesayensi kunye nobugcisa, banikezela iinkonzo zokuhlola izinto ezinobungozi ngaphantsi kwamanzi eRashiya. Ubuchwephesha obutsha bobugcisa obunxwemeni luphuhliswa, ukulungiswa kwe-GSO kunye nobungqina obwenziwayo. Kwiindonga zeZiko, iinkqubo zobugcisa nezenzululwazi, imisebenzi yophando kunye noyilo, kunye neeprojekthi zeprofayili ziyahlolwa.

Ulwalathiso lwezilwandle ze-physics

Xa basekela iZiko le-Oceanology. P.P. I-RAS yaseShirshov, into yokuqala abayenzayo yayivule isikolo se-physicists. Yenza uphando oluphambili, kwaye yenza umhlaba ufumanisa kwintsimi yamanzi olwandle. V.B. UStokman wayekhokelela uphando lwengqondo, kunye no-A.D. Dobrovolsky - uvavanyo. Ndiyabulela aba baphandi ababini, iimephu ezichanekileyo zamaphethane eolwandle zakhiwe.

Geology yolwandle nolwandle

Sebenza kule ngqungquthela yaqala kwiCandelo ngonyaka emva kokuvula-ngo-1947. Iqela lezenzululwazi lalibancinci - abaqeshwa abathandathu kuphela, baqhutywa ngabafundisi be-V.P. Zenkevich kunye neP PL Bezrukovym. Namhlanje, abasebenzi abangaphantsi kwe-350 abaphezulu nabaphandi basebenza apho. Zinezi-17 ezibonelela iilebhu. Bafunda i-tectonics, i-geochemistry, i-geomorphology, kunye ne-mineralogy. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziphanda amanzi, i-ice kunye ne-air suspension. Ngoku kutshanje, abaphandi baye bajonga i-micropaleontology, amaminerali, amanxweme kunye namashalofu.

Kukho konke ukukho, i-Iziko zenze ihambo ezingaphezu kwama-150 elwandle lolwandle. Kwindiza enye yabandakanya ama-65-70 abaqeqeshiweyo, ahlukeneyo ngamaqela angama-10. Iqela ngalinye limele ummeli kwiprofayili yabo. Ukubhukuda kuthatha iintsuku ezingama-90, okanye iinyanga ezi-3, ukungabala ixesha lokulungiselela. Ukuqhutyelwa kweesampuli kwi-board. Ngaphandle kweli hlobo lohambo luqala nje ukuba lube luncedo kwaye lusetyenziswe.

Izilwanyana zasolwandle kunye nolwandle

Kwiindonga zeSikolo kukho izifundo ezininzi ze-biology kunye nemveliso yezilwandle. Inzululwazi inomdla kwiplankton, nekton, i-cetaceans, i-macroalgae njalonjalo. Ngokwalolu hlobo, iimephu zezilwanyana ze-Ocean World ziye zaphuhliswa, kunye neendawo apho intlanzi yokuthengisa intlanzi.