Imbewu ukuntshula: imigaqo nemiqathango. Indlela ukukhangela ukuntshula kwembewu pha

Xa kuqala iintsuku zokuqala spring, begadi abalandeli baqala ukucinga malunga isityalo sabo esitsha. Kwaye musa nje ukuba sele seziqalile ukwenza. Ngapha koko, le nto loo nto iphambili - ungaphoswa mzuzu.

Kumanqanaba okuqala ekuqaleni ukuze anyamekele yokulungiselela izithole. Ngelo xesha, abantu abaninzi bebuza: ukuphucula indlela ukuntshula iimbewu? Asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kukunceda njani na ukufezekisa oku. Kodwa ke, umntu aqonde kuqala ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo kufuneka yintoni na ekuntshuleni.

Ingcamango ukuntshula

Phantsi ukuntshula kwembewu baqonde ubuchule babo ziqhume nokuqinisekisa ukuba izityalo elizayo. Enyanisweni, oku kufana zempilo. Le nto ibandakanya imeko jikelele imbewu nganye, nengqibelelo yayo ihleli, amandla kunye nexesha elifunekayo ukuze intshule.

ukuntshula Imbewu kudla kuboniswa njengepesenti. Babalwa lulwahlulo inani imbewu ziyantshuliswa ukuya lilonke. Musa ukulindela ukuba izinga ekuntshuleni iya kulingana kwi 100%. Amahlumelo akuzanga undinike zawo. Isoloko ukuya kwi-10% zonke iimbewu musa zintshule. Eli nani ithathwa kuhle kakhulu.

Imiba echaphazela iqhuma

Ipesenti ukuntshula iimbewu lixhomekeke kwizinto ezithile. Phakathi kwazo kukho ezi zilandelayo:

• imbewu Age. Ezi ngongoma zimbini bomzimba ezinxulumene. Okuya uba mkhulu umsantsa ubudala iimbewu, inowuthi izinga ekuntshuleni. Ngoko ke, imbewu leyo balele kangangexesha elithile, kufuneka ukuze bayitshekishe ngocoselelo.

• ezikhabhathini. iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo ziye ezahlukahlukeneyo ezikhabhathini. Kwezinye, oko akukho ngaphezu konyaka, ngoxa abanye engu-5. imbewu eziluhlaza agcinwe ubuncinane (parsley, iseleri, fennel kwaye njalo njalo). Kodwa ke imbewu iitumato, yemixoxozi wabonisa zintshule kakuhle emva kweminyaka 4-5.

• UNorma ukuntshula inkcubeko. Xa izityalo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo yahlukile kwaye usisigxina ingantshuli. Umzekelo, iimbewu okuziinkozo, iimbotyi, umnqathe bonisa yokuntshula eqhelekileyo 90-95%. Noko ke, ukuma avareji ingantshuli (60-70%) ekuso ukuba beet, ikhaphetshu, iitumato. A ipesenti esezantsi gqitha yabafundi be ukuntshula - imbewu idile, parsley. Nguye 35-55%.

• iimeko zokugcina. ukuntshula iMbewu iya kuba ngaphezulu ukuba zigcinwe kakuhle. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe kwigumbi eyomileyo apho amaqondo obushushu phakathi degrees-10 (hayi ngaphezulu kwe lobushushu room). Store iimbewu kuyacetyiswa ezingxoweni ngelaphu.

Ukongeza kule miqathango ingentla, wawuqhutywa ukuba imbewu eqokelelwe ngokobuqu igcinwe athenga ngcono. Kwaye, oko, kungcono ukuba imbewu intshule. Kulo mzekelo, unokuqiniseka kwephakade eli ka rimbewu, ibakala labo kunye nokhuseleko.

imbewu kufuneka zihlolwe njani?

Khangela ukuntshula iimbewu zemifuno kuba ukususela ngoFebruwari. Ngeli xesha, ngokuqhelekileyo khangela imbewu yemifuno. Ke imibala, bahlola ungatsala de kube sekupheleni komnyaka. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka ixesha lokutyala izityalo.

Ukulungiswa imbewu linyathelo lokuqala ngenjongo yokufumana isivuno esihle. Kwaye ukuchitha sigaba kufuneka ihambelane nemithetho:

• Kwi Ibukisheni lisoloko elithile laboratory ekuntshuleni. Eli xabiso limele ukuntshula iimbewu phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Kodwa eli xabiso ingenakufikeleleka ebomini. Ukuze ufumane ixabiso ehambelana entsimini, kufuneka uthathe ukuya nakwiiyunithi ze-15.

• Khangela umhla nokupakishwa, nto leyo nayo kuluhlu kumqulu. Ukuba imbewu bezigcinwe kwiingxowa zeplastiki kunye ngefoyile, ngoko ke lokugcinwa ungadluliselwa kancinane.

• Thatha ujongo kakuhle umyalezo enebhakhowudi, efumaneka kwi-kwiipakethe. Ukumakishwa «F1» kuthetha iimbewu luphawulwa isivuno eliphezulu, uxhathiso. Kubekwa le leta "B" libonisa ukuba imbewu baye baphathwa mpilo ukwandisa ipesenti iqhuma.

Ezi ngcebiso ziya kunceda ukuthenga imbewu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Khangela ukuntshula ekhaya

Eli nqanaba ukulungiselela ukutyala, cinga mzekelo ulandelayo. Makhe sibone ukuba ukuvavanya indlela imbewu ukuntshula pepper. Okokuqala, kufuneka ukubamba ekulinganisweni zabo. Imbewu ezisebhokisini akuyi kuba njalo. Kubo ukhethe eyona inkulu kwaye inzima. Empty, yonakele, amatshatshazi nga ishenxiswe.

Ngaphezu koko kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela saline kwi iqela 4-5%. Kuba lo ityuwa itispuni iye exutywe ilitha 1 yamanzi. Kule sisombululo eshiyelelweyo imbewu ezikhethiweyo pepper waza wemka apho malunga nesi-2 h. Ngeli xesha, imbewu ezimbi abhabhe, uhlale ezisebenzisekayo ukuya ezantsi. Abo eziye zavela, unako itshatyalaliswe. Ezinye ityuwa wahlanjwa kwaye zonekwe.

A umfanekiso echanekileyo ezininzi ingafumaneka nangenye indlela. Ukuze wenze oku, hlala isiqwenga igozi uze ulisonge kubini. Phakathi kwezibini zomaleko ukubeka imbewu. imbewu abaninzi musa ukuba, kuya kuba izinto ngokwaneleyo nje 10. Shiya nabo iiveki ezimbini. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ukuqinisekisa ukuba laphu akuthethi koma. Ekupheleni ubale ipesenti iqhuma. japan Good - 80%. Ukuba ixabiso le ngaphantsi kwe-30% ka rimbewu ezisetyenziswayo akwenzi ngqiqo.

Cinga nje ngomzekelo indlela ukuvavanya imbewu ukuntshula pha, ungenza uqala ukuthatha inyathelo. Ngokusekelwe umzekelo, ungakwazi ukukhangela iimbewu kunye nezinye izityalo.

Imigaqo ukuntshula kwembewu

On imbewu ekuntshuleni iphenjelelwa ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iqondo lobushushu. Ukuba liphakamile ixabiso, i ngokukhawuleza imbewu iya kuhluma. Oku kungenxa kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi enkulu.

• Isixa wamanzi. Isixa ukufuma kuxhomekeke inkcubeko efunekayo. Uninzi abadinga amanzi, iisugar, iimbotyi, imbewu iflakisi.

• Mpilo. Ngexesha ukuntshula iimbewu ukunyuka ukutya.

• Ukukhanya. Esi salathisi alichatshazelwa kuzo zonke izityalo. Kukho iindawo ezikhula elangeni. Kuba ekwandeni kwamanye kwelanga ukukhanya iyafuneka.

Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-iimeko ziya kufumana izithole sesilungile ukuntshula kwangexesha.

Xa izithole ukuba ulindele?

Inkangeleko ngamasebe yokuqala - yinkqubo enika umdla. Ilinde imihla embalwa, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iiveki. Ixesha lokulinda iya kuxhomekeka kwiimeko lokuhlala. Ixesha ukuntshula kwembewu izityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo kunokubonwa kule theyibhile ingezantsi.

Njengoko sibonile, imbewu ngamnye bayakwazi ukuba sikhule kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa. Indlela fastest ukukhula ehluma, radish, isithombo, tomato. Bafuna kwiintsuku nje-4 ukuya 7 lokutyala ngaphandle kwaye ukusuka kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwisi-6 xa wayekhulile endlwini. I inde kuya kufuneka silinde iminqathe, amatswele, iseleri.

Iqhubekekisa ikhawulezisa ukuntshula

begadi abanamava bayazi ukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi ukukhawulezisa ukuntshula kwembewu. Ziqulethe ekuqhubeni ngaphandle neenkqubo ezimbalwa ezilula:

• Emanzini. Esityeni ibekwe ilaphu ogalelwe ngamanzi. Yabeka iimbewu kunye maleko ubhityileyo. Ngaphezu kwako konke ivale umaleko yesibini laphu desensitised. Amanzi kufuneka kube kwiqondo lobushushu igumbi. Emva kwexesha elithile, imbewu uthambise ukunyakama, iingcambu abanyatheli. Xa kuhlwayelwe emhlabeni kubalulekile ukuba uyeke rostochku, apho zibuthathaka kakhulu. Le ndlela efanelekileyo seqanda imbewu, iimbotyi, iertyisi, iimbotyi, kwaneekomkomere, iitumato njalo njalo.

• Ukufudumala. Le ndlela kuphela ikhawulezisa ukuntshula, kodwa disinfects. Imbewu yabenzi kwiqondo lobushushu degrees 60 oveni okanye yokomisa. Isetyenziswa ukuze sikhule iitumato, cucumber.

• Ophuphumayo. Zibekwe kwingxowa imbewu inyama uvikivwa emanzini. Kuloko iye yabekwa isiguquli ukusuka itanki ngenjongo le oxygenation. Imbewu isiqhuma ngale ndlela usuku okanye iintsuku ezimbini. indlela efanelekileyo iminqathe, amatswele, parsley, idile.

ezinye Iimbalasane

iimeko ukuntshula kuzo zonke iinkcubeko ezahlukileyo. Amaninzi, imbewu isiqhuma kwigumbi efudumeleyo kubushushu degrees 22-28. Kodwa kukho kwakhona ibanda-izityalo zintshule kwi 18 degrees (lettuce, ikhaphetshu).

Enye into echaphazela ukuntshula, - umgangatho womhlaba. Sele Umhlaba uzilungiselele zingathengwa evenkileni. Kulo mzekelo, akuyomfuneko ukuba umgquba.

Kwakhona wathinta ubunzulu ekuhlwayeleni. imbewu Small bahlwayelwayo ezindaweni kumphezulu womhlaba kwaye acofiweyo. Ngenxa ukwanda ubukhulu imbewu kunye nobunzulu zanda. Umzekelo, celery sihlwayelwa kubunzulu ka-0.5 cm, amatswele - 1 cm, cucumber kunye ivatala - 1.5-2 cm.

Akunjalo usebenzise zonke ezi ndlela. Kodwa abanye kubo enyanzelekileyo. ukuphunyezwa iza kubonelela ipesenti ephezulu ukuntshula namahlumela lobuhlobo.