Nesiphelo False: yokubhena kunye noxanduva nengcali. Xa izimvo ingcaphephe obonwa lobuxoki?

Uluvo isazi - enye ubungqina ibalulekileyo enkundleni. Kungakhathaliseki nokuba ngaba kukho lolwaphulo-mthetho, yolamlo okanye kwityala lembambano, ukuthembeka ulwazi kunye namava ochwepheshe ilitye lembombo yenkqubo.

Kungenxa yoko le nto kwezo meko apho ingcaphephe uza nobuqhetseba kwaye yenza kwisigqibo esazi lobuxoki - oko kusoloko kukho isizathu sokuba urhulumente ukuba angenelele kwaye bazise umoni ubulungisa.

Sisiphi isigqibo kuyacaca bubuxoki?

Ngokusekelwe ngomxholo Art. 307 Criminal Code, nto leyo ichaza udidi ulwaphulo-mthetho, iinkundla kunye nkolelo zomthetho wenze kusoloko sigqibo mnye: Dacha ingcali kwisigqibo oluxokayo mthetho kuphela xa wenza ngenjongo ngqo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ingcali leyo nje ukwazi ukuba iinkcukacha eziqulathwe kwingxelo yakhe musa kunxibelelana nyaniso, kodwa wayefuna ukulahlekisa inkundla okanye uphando.

Ngenxa yoko, akunakwenzeka ukuba enze ulwaphulo-mthetho olo ngengozi. Ukuba ingcali kokuzenzisa yaye encokola ziphicothwa, wenza impazamo - akayi kuba noxanduva yena. Noko ke, le sigqibo akuthethi ukuba ingcali kakubi ungasoloko uthelekisa yemposiso. Ukususela ngoko, njengoko ingcali utyikitye ingxelo, equlethe ubuxoki, ulwaphulo-mthetho izinikele. Xa uphando kuqala, ukuba kuya kufuneka asebenze nzima ukuze ukungqina ukuba akazange azi kwaye ayikwazanga ukuba isiphelo kuba asiyonyani.

Ngaba isizathu ubuxoki?

Izizathu zokuba ingcali babhala ngabom idatha ebonakalayo kuphela ngenjongo isohlwayo. Enoba siyintoni na isizathu, ingcali ubuxoki ngabom kusoloko ulwaphulo-mthetho. Noko ke, ukuba ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, yitile sele malunga ingcali, inkundla iza kwisigqibo sokuba umgwebi owayesakuba efanelwe kukuxolelwa, kuya nje yabelwe isohlwayo amanqaku ephisa ngawo.

Yintoni eyenza ukuba kwisigqibo lobuxoki?

Kuloo meko inkundla yafumanisa ukuba ingcali, ezitsalwa kunjalo, ngabom babhala isiphelo sakhe, uya kohlwaywa. A ethile ubukhulu sinikiwe Art. 307 Code Criminal. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile kwimeko ezi zohlwayo zilandelayo zinokusetyenziswa ingcaphephe:

• sesono - ku ezahlukene 80 amawaka engange, okanye ingeniso ngenxa iinyanga ezintandathu;
• efunekayo iiyure 480 zokusebenza;
• umsebenzi loluleko - ukuya kwiminyaka-2;
• ukumbamba ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3.

Fine babanjwe - loo nto zonke

Xa kunjalo, ukuba ingcali wabandakanyeka kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho malunga engcwabeni (oko kukuthi, omnye lowo angagwetywa ukuvalelwa entolongweni iminyaka eli-10) okanye embi (apho ubomi iminyaka engaphezu-10, okanye ubomi entolongweni, okanye ngokusesikweni kunjalo akenziwanga irhoxisiwe, kodwa hayi ukuba iwise isigwebo sentambo) - kufuneka ingcali uya kohlwaywa nzima. Xa kukho izohlwayo okanye ispravrabotah kubakho umbuzo. Isohlwayo iya ngokumnyanzela zabasebenzi okanye avalelwe iminyaka ukuya ku-5.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba ingcali onoxanduva kwisigqibo lobuxoki ayidingi, ukuba isiseko sayo inkundla wenza isigqibo engalunganga. kakade into yokuba ingcali ayikho nje impazamo (apho kunokwenzeka nayiphi na umsebenzi), wabanika kwisigqibo lobuxoki, enika uyazi kakuhle into yokuba wenza Kwanele.

Kwezinye iimeko, umntu ixoki oyingcali na ukuphepha uxanduva?

umthetho Russian mthetho, kwezinye iimeko kakhulu uyazehlisa. Ngokubhekiselele iingcali, senze iziphumo zayo, luyabonakala. Qaphela ukuba Art. 307 Code Criminal ithi xa ingcali phambi kokuba isigwebo okanye isigqibo senkundla kulo mzekelo, kuqwalaselwe ngawo ebandakanyeka, uyavuma ngokuzithandela ubuxoki, ukuze kukhululwa isohlwayo.

Xa ingcali umphicothi uxanduva?

Ngokumalunga umsebenzi abaphicothi ingxelo yomphicothi esazi lobuxoki ibonakaliswa xa kunokwenzeka ukuba okanye ukwenza ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa, okanye ukuba umxholo abo ngamaxwebhu zaxilongwa ngexesha lophicotho, ezinxamnye izigqibo ukuba umphicothi ingcali wenza isigqibo sakhe. Asinto kubaluleke kangaka ngubani kwisigqibo lobuxoki - umphicothi ngamnye okanye ilungu lombutho zophicotho.

Ngokubhekiselele kwingxelo yophicotho, imigaqo efanayo kusetyenziswa nezinye iingcali: ingxelo yomphicothi ngabom lobuxoki kusathiwa kuphela ukuba isigqibo senkundla kwi mhaka elinikiweyo.

Akukho sidingo sokonaba malunga umphicothi of_ Danka izakubanye njenge zonke ezinye iingcali. Okokuqala, umphicothi-zincwadi uya kuhluthwa-mvume ukuze benze zabo zomsebenzi oqeqeshelweyo. Okwesibini, oko makwaziswe okusesikweni ngokungqinelana nomthetho mthetho. ababukeli, ukongeza imithetho jikelele enxulumene zonke iingcali, kwaye isebenza inqaku eyahlukileyo - Art. 202 of the Code Criminal.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uthe ufumanise ukuba bangezi inxaxheba kwetyala umphicothi ngokufaka ngabom data zovavanyo, oko makwaziswe okusesikweni njengoko ingcaphephe kunye umphicothi. Isohlwayo umphicothi apho kakhulu ngakumbi - up entolongweni iminyaka emithathu. Kwimeko enye, ukuba izenzo umphicothi ubuhlungu umntwana okanye umntu okhubazeke, zisembundwini eliphezulu isohlwayo kuthe sele ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu. Kwangaxeshanye, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, umphicothi-zincwadi ziya kuhluthwa ilungelo lokuba benze umsebenzi wabo isithuba seminyaka emithathu.

Ngubani na icala for elele enkundleni okanye ngethuba uphando?

Ukongeza kwiingcali, enikela isiphelo lobuxoki, kuba kanye luxanduva ofanayo ababandakanyekayo ngakumbi abanye abantu. Ezi ziquka:

• ubungqina - ukuba bubungqina bobuxoki;
• umguquleli - kuba mistranslation ngabom;
• specialist - kananjalo entolongweni zobuxoki. Ngokwemigaqo yomthetho yenkqubo ngumahluko phakathi ingcaphephe kunye ingcali iyafumaneka, kodwa kule kunjalo uyakwazi nokungahoywa. Yingcali naye ungumntu onolwazi okhethekileyo, yaye xa usebenzisa ukuba neziphumo ezibi ubulungisa, nenyaniso - uya kuba noxanduva phantsi komthetho.

Isimanga, ngokuba lokuxoka phantsi kwesifungo liability angase yesifundo ube lixhoba. Kwaye apha lilungiselelo efanayo ngokumalunga ummangalelwa asisekho. Oku kungenxa yokuba ummangalelwa esele kwimeko embi kunye namanye amaqela achaphazelekayo. Kuye umsebenzi amapolisa kunye nophando, amalungelo abo kufuneka ukhuseleko olukhethekileyo.

Ukuze othile, isifaniso apha emalisebenze norm ngokwendlela apho ummangalelwa akanyanzelekanga ukuba ubungqina. Kwakhona, xa kuthelekiswa nakubungqina okanye ixhoba, oko ngokukhuselekileyo ukwala ukuthetha, angamvumeli naluphi na uxanduva kuyo. Apha, lo mgaqo uyasebenza ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo.