Iinkonzo Monotheistic. Le mbono "oyedwa"

inkolo Monotheistic njenge uhlobo ihlabathi zonqulo zavela kudala ngaphambi kwexesha lamaKristu yaye amelwe njengoko isimntwiso kaThixo ukumelwa kunye nokuxhotyiswa onke amandla endalo ukuba egregore abazi. Ezinye iinkonzo zehlabathi wenze ubuntu bukaThixo kunye neempawu zayo; abanye - phakamisa nje phezulu isithixo engundoqo ngaphezu kwabanye. Umzekelo, i-ubuKristu Orthodox - inkolo monotheistic, olusekelwe phezu ngokomfanekiso kaThixo akanamandla.

Ukuba asikhanyisele inkqubo elukhuni iinkolelo zonqulo, kufuneka siqwalasele ixesha ezivela kwiinkalo eziliqela. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iinkonzo zonke zehlabathi monotheistic bangamalungu iintlobo ezintathu. Lo Abraham, iinkonzo East Asian kunye unqulo of America. Ngokwenene, unqulo monotheistic asilulo olusekelwe ekusebenzeni zamahlelo eziliqela, kodwa uThixo esembindini, ezinde ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye.

Ideas malunga yokuvelela kaThixo

iinkolo Monotheistic kufuneka ifom ezimbini ithiyori - ebandakanyayo kuphela. Ngokutsho yokuqala - ebandakanya - ithiyori, uThixo abe personifications kaThixo olunikiweyo umanyano yabo egregor yonke engundoqo. theory kuphela unika umfanekiso iimpawu zikaThixo transtsententnymi lobuqu.

Esi sakhiwo kukwaquka nednorodnost kakhulu. Umzekelo, Deism ithetha ukuba ukunxaxha Ungokobuthixo kuMdali Affairs nangoko emva kokusekwa kwehlabathi kwaye ixhasa ingqikelelo non-ukungenela imikhosi kwemvelo ngexa kwendawo yonke; Pantheism kubandakanya ubungcwele indalo ngokwayo kunye elahla umlinganiswa anthropomorphic kunye nohlobo uThixo; Theism, phezu koko, iquka ingcamango jikelele ngobukho ngoMdali inxaxheba ebonakalayo kwiinkqubo zehlabathi.

Iimfundiso of the World Ancient

Egyptian inkolo yamandulo monotheistic, kwelinye icala, zazimela uhlobo sihamba; Kwelinye icala, ukuba iphinde yakhiwe inani elikhulu emahlelweni endawo odityanisiweyo. Ilinge ukudibanisa zonke ezi namahlelo phantsi kwephiko le uthixo omnye, umxhasi, uFaro waseYiputa, Akhenaten wenziwe BC ngenkulungwane yesi-6. Emva kokufa kwakhe, iinkolelo zonqulo babuyele endleleni polytheism.

Iinzame nokumisa oothixo kaThixo alizise umfanekiso lobuqu angatshatanga yenziwa iinkcuba Greek Ksefanom kunye uHesiod. I "State" uPlato ijolise ukukhangela Absolute Inyaniso, amandla phezu zonke izinto ehlabathini. Kamva, ngokusekelwe azibhala bakhe abameli ebuYudeni yamaGrike izame nokulungelelanisa zikaPlato kunye ingqiqo Judaic kaThixo. Nokugqama ingcamango ubuntu kaThixo monotheistic libhekisela kwixesha yamhlamnene.

Sihamba ebuJudeni

Ukusuka kwindawo yamaYuda Ngenxa komthombo yemveli sihamba satshatyalaliswa kwinkqubo sokonakalisa kuphuhliso loluntu kwi emahlelweni ezininzi. Modern ubuYuda njengonqulo monotesticheskaya omkhanyelayo ngokungqongqo ubukho semikhosi angaphezu zangaphandle, kuquka oothixo, ezingaphaya kolawulo uMdali.

Kodwa kwimbali lobuYuda iye akusoloko ziza zenkolo ezinjalo. Kwaye ke Kumanqanaba okuqala yophuhliso lwayo kwenzeka phantsi imo monolatry - inkolelo polytheistic kwi ngokuvela uthixo oyintloko ezizisekondari.

iinkolo monotheistic I hlabathi ezifana Christianity and Islam, kuba iingcambu zawo lobuYuda.

Definition of Christianity

In ubuKristu obusa Old Testament Abraham sihamba theory and noThixo - njengoko creator jikelele kuphela. Noko ke, ubuKristu - inkolo monotheistic, imiyalelo engundoqo iyileyo nayo ingcamango emnye kaThixo kulo ezintathu proyavlyaeniyah - iziphiwo - uYise, uNyana noMoya oyiNgcwele. Le mfundiso kaBathathu Emnye azibeka utoliko Christianity, Islam namaYuda ubhalo polytheistic okanye triteistichesky. Ngokutsho yobuKristu ngokwalo, "unqulo monotheistic" njengengqiqo kubonakala ngokupheleleyo ingqiqo yayo ezisisiseko, kodwa tritheism ingcamango ngokuphindaphindiweyo iqhutywe yenkolo, okwangoku yaliwe First IBhunga laseNicea. Noko ke, ababhali-mbali banengcinga ukuba iRussia kwakukho abalandeli iintshukumo Orthodox abalahla emnye kaThixo, awathi ukubukelwa Ivan III.

Ngenxa yoko, isicelo sokuba 'ukucacisa ingqiqo unqulo monotheistic "uyakwazi udovoletvorit, becaphula inkcazelo sihamba njengoko ukukholelwa kuThixo omnye, ngubani emisaveni a incarnations ezimbalwa.

iinkolelo Islamic monotheistic

Islam i monotheistic ngokungqongqo. Umgaqo monotheistic lunwenwe Intsika lokuqala Wokholo: "Akukho nkulunkulu ngaphandle Allah, kunye Muhammad - umprofeti wakhe." Ngenxa yoko, i saziwe of ukohluka ingqibelelo kuThixo - Tawhid - ilele kwithiyori yayo angundoqo, kwaye zonke izithethe, amasiko kunye nemisebenzi yenkolo eyenzelwe ukubonisa ukohluka nengqibelelo kaThixo (Allah).

Sesona sono in Islam i babalekela - lifana Allah abanye oothixo kwaye amanani - esi sono ulula.

Ngokutsho Islam, bonke abaprofeti ezinkulu abathi sihamba.

iimpawu ezithile Bahá'í

Le nkolo enemvelaphi yayo Shiite Islam, ngoku ziqwalaselwe yi abaphandi abaninzi njenge elizimeleyo, kodwa Islam ngokwayo kucingwa ukuba unqulo umwexuki abalandeli bayo kummandla nakwiiriphabliki yamaMuslim ngaphambili kutshutshiswa.

Igama "Bahá'í" lisuka kwigama ngunozala unqulo uBahá'u'lláh ( "Ubuqaqawuli kaThixo") - Mirza Huseyna Ali, owazalelwa 1812 usapho kwinzala ohlanga basePersi.

ke monotheistic ngokungqongqo ukholo samaBaha'i. Uthi zonke iinzame ukuze simazi uThixo ezingento, asinto zanto. Ikhonkco kuphela phakathi kwabantu uThixo "Epiphany" - abaprofeti.

Uphawu zamaBaha'i njenge imfundiso yonqulo yi ingqalelo evulekileyo lonke unqulo lokwenyaniso, kodwa uThixo mnye kuzo zonke sizifihla.

AmaHindu kunye yomSikh oyedwa

Ayizizo zonke iinkolo zehlabathi monotheistic iimpawu ezifanayo. Oku kungenxa imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo indawo, engqondweni kwaye yezepolitiki. Umzekelo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukrwele ukufana phakathi sihamba of Christianity and Hinduism. UbuHindu yinkqubo enkulu izithethe ezahlukeneyo, iinkolelo, izithethe zesizwe endawo, bulumko kunye neengcamango ezisekelwe sihamba, pantheism, polytheism, kwaye ngokusondeleyo neziyelelane nokubhala ezinxulumene. On enjalo isakhiwo yonqulo ebanzi baphenjelelwa ngamandla ngokuphathelele ezithile ngokwezinga kuluntu Indiya. intshumayelo Monotheistic zobuHindu inzima kakhulu - zonke izithixo zadityaniswa host enye kwaye adale uMdali enye.

Sikhism, njengohlobo lwe ubuHindu, nayo okugxininisa oku siseko sihamba kwi postulate yayo "Enye uThixo zonke", apho uThixo utyhila imiba Absolute kunye umntu ophila wonke umntu kaThixo yamasuntswana. Ihlabathi ebonakalayo nolulahlekisayo, uThixo uhleli ixesha.

Inkqubo Chinese of iimbono zenkolo

Ukususela ku-1766 BC Outlook yemveli amakhosi Chinese komlawuli uba ukuhlonelwa Shang Di - "ngukhokho njengowongamileyo," "UThixo" - okanye isibhakabhaka njengoko awona mandla (Tan). Ngoko ke, inkqubo Chinese zehlabathi lamandulo - uhlobo lwe unqulo yokuqala monotheistic lobuntu, suschestvovashaya ekuqaleni ubuBhuda, Christianity and Islam. UThixo elenziwe apha, kodwa akazange bafumana ifomu emzimbeni, oko kulingana Shang Di moizm. Noko ke, oku akuthethi ukuba unqulo monotheistic ngengqiqo ngokupheleleyo - kuzo zonke axhwarhe kwakukho oothixo elincinane oothixo behlabathi, nokumisela iimpawu zehlabathi eziphathekayo.

Ngoko, ngesicelo "Chaza ikhonsepthi 'inkolo monotheistic" kuthiwe ukuba unqulo loo monism abayinqobo - ihlabathi olungaphandle Maya umntu osembonweni, njengoko uThixo igcwalisa sicatshulwa kwexesha.

UThixo omnye yiZoroastrian

Wabhala akazange athi ingcamango ecacileyo sihamba, elungelelanisayo phakathi ezimbini kunye sihamba. Ngokutsho ukufundisa kwakhe, isasazwe phezu BC lokuqala tysyachelenii kwi-Iran, esi sithixo ngomnye Ahura Mazda. Ngokuchasene ikho kwaye isebenza Angra Mainyu - uthixo yokufa nobumnyama. Wonke umntu kufuneka kubasa umlilo Ahura Mazda kunye Angra Mainyu ukuba anitshabalalise.

Wabhala yaba nefuthe oluqaphelekayo kuphuhliso ngezimvo onqulo-Abraham.

America. Inca sihamba

Kukho iinkolelo zonqulo kwizizwana Andes, notyekelo monoteinizatsii apho inkqubo ubunye zonke izithixo ngokomfanekiselo kaThixo Vikarochi, umzekelo, ukuhlangabezana Vikarochi, uMdali ihlabathi, ukususela man-Camac, umdali abantu.

Ngoko, ukwenza ingcaciso elinge kuphendulwa kwisicelo, "Cacisa ingqiqo unqulo monotheistic", oko kufanele kuchazwe ukuba kwezinye iinkqubo zenkolo, oothixo abaya kuba imisebenzi efanayo, ekugqibeleni bahlanganisane ukuze umfanekiso enye.