Art. 395 of the Code Civil. Xanduva ngokusilela xexo emali

Uxanduva kukusilela nayiphi na imbopheleleko lemali kuchaziwe ngumthetho yangoku Russian Federation. Ingakumbi ukuba ukusetyenziswa okungekho mthethweni kwezohlwayo abanye abantu imali zibekiwe Art. 395 of the Code Civil. Kuba izimvo kule nqaku inokufumaneka ngezantsi.

ulawulo liability

mali jikelele kwi ingeniso kwezoqoqosho, kwakunye ngeenjongo emkhosini, ukulingana yazo jikelele ezinye iimpawu eziphambili ezikhethekileyo kumxholo njengoxanduva wemali. Le nto iye iipropati ezithile, yaye akuyi kuba yimfuneko ukuba uxanduva elisekwe ngokukodwa ulawulo, esiza kwimeko imbopheleleko non-mali kulindelekile. Art. 395 of the Code Civil kunye iikhomentari yiso kanye ichaza imiqathango oluyimfuneko kunye nemiqathango, leyo eyenzelwe ukulawula ubutyala ezinjalo. Eli nqaku lichaza ukwayo ezifanelekileyo izibophelelo-non nokuthobela emali.

Isiseko of icala

Njengoko kwenzeka sasiphikisana imbopheleleko malini? Ngokuqhelekileyo, sinye kuphela - yinto ulibaziseko kokuba uyihlawule yonke isixa semali okanye inxalenye yayo, kuxhomekeke imiqathango ethe yabekwa amaqela kwisivumelwano. Le fom isinye kwakhona abeke imbopheleleko kuthethwa ngaphandle ngaphezu kwezinye iimbopheleleko.

Ngoko ke, isiseko ngokuzisa umntu luwugqithile imbopheleleko emali, ityala liya kuba ubunyani lokungahlawulwa kwemali kwemali ngexesha elithile ngamaqela. Lo mba kuchaphazela ukusekwa liability onetyala kunye nokusebenzisa Art. 395 of the Code Civil hayi indlela apho wasebenzisa imali - mthethweni okanye ngokusemthethweni.

ukulahleka

Kobudlelane kwimarike mihla, eyakhiwe uqoqosho namhlanje, nawuphi na umntu othatha inxaxheba kwishishini, nokuba entrepreneur umntu okanye umbutho yorhwebo, usoloko usebenzisa imali bobakhe. Lidla azalisa ezi mali for capital ukusebenza, kwakunye nezinye iinjongo zoshishino ethile ebalulekileyo. Kwimeko ezininzi egqithiseleyo noosomashishini babeka ezo mali kumaziko zemali bekelelo, ukusuka apho afumana imali ethile. Kwimeko yokuba onetyala ingabuyeli umntu onjalo phambi mali engazifezekisi iimfanelo zakhe ngusomashishini umntu okanye umbutho kukho ukunqongophala kwemali, nto wayenethemba. Yena akanako ukuthumela imali kuphuhliso okanye ukugcinwa ishishini, kwaye kwezinye iimeko kunokuba abe nethala umonakalo enkulu, ukuba kwawa kwimeko yeshishini. Thina umbolekisi onetyala olungafanelekanga ihlala kuphela indlela yokuphepha umonakalo kunokwenzeka, kuba kuyahlwa, imali zisafana. Amaxesha amaninzi, abarhwebi ifuna intlawulo yabo owakhiwa njengepesenti mali ezifunyenweyo babuyelayo kuyo iibhanki, ezaziwa ngenxa yale mali-mboleko. Nazi ezinye umdla zobuciko. 395 of the Code Civil, yaye kuya kuthathwa ilahleko okubangele unetyala okungagqibekanga ku otyalwayo, akayifezi imisebenzi yawo. Ukuba wamnika imali ngexesha kwaye kwangethuba, umbolekisi akuyi kufuneka ukuba isicelo Bank. Ngoko ke, lo ilahleko mababuyekezwe le violator unyanzelwa wemali.

Akukho mfuneko yokuba ube

Ukuba Ndiyaqhubekeka intsingiselo Art. 395 ze-Civil Code, leyo eyayilawula kungenzeka na ukuphunyezwa amagunya umbolekisi ukuba yenziwe kumtyali ekhulwini xa imbopheleleko emali kantu, lo mthetho na awanyanzele otyalwayo enjalo ezingqina into yokuba okunene ukuba nawuphi na umonakalo. Ngamanye amazwi, otyalwayo akanyanzelekanga ukuba ukuqinisekisa nawaphi na amaxwebhu awababeka ihlawulwe umdla ebhankini, emveni kokuba wanyanzelwa ukufumana imali-mboleko. Kunjalo, akufuneki ukuba ube nkqu ubukho mboleko, apho kwakufuneka ayokuseza ngenxa ukuhlukunyezwa noxanduva onetyala.

Kwelinye icala, otyalwa akayi kuhlawulwa kwakhona ngumsebenzi ezingqina mali yengeniso izibophelelo umoni kusenokwenzeka ukuba wafumana, esebenzisa imali abanye abantu mthethweni. Ngaphezu koko, umbolekisi unelungelo lokufuna imbuyiselo ngenxa yomonakalo, kungakhathaliseki yokuba nokuba unetyala wasebenzisa non-ukubuya imali, nokuba evela kubo nayiphi na inzuzo, okanye imali ngokubanzi lisusiwe.

interest bank

Sekunjalo, ukufumana ilahleko umbolekisi uya kusekho ubungqina. Esi sisixa umdla yebhanki, esebenza kummandla indawo lombutho yayisenza imali ityala, okanye kummandla lo otyalwayo-engummi yokuhlala. Noko ke, ukufumana ubungqina enjalo akukho ekuxonyekezelwe kuwo nawuphi na bunzima, isiqinisekiso kwesantya senzala yebhanki ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki zingafunyanwa kulo naliphi na iziko ngokwezimali. Ukususela ngokombono umthetho lo isigqibo Kuyaqondakala. Musa ukungena ngexesha umbolekisi imali, njengoko umgaqo, yiya isebe lebhanki elikufutshane nokuhlawulwa-mboleko. Ngokufuthi, ibhanki sele bekhonza le ngumrhwebi.

Ngokungafaniyo umthetho yangaphambili

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inqaku elitsha. 395 of the Code Civil akuthethi ukuseka imali ethile umdla leyo yayikukwaphula imbopheleleko lawulo ungummi okanye umbutho kufuneka ahlawule umboleki. Ukuba le mandla de Civil Code of isixa senzala imiselwa, ngoku kumiselwa ingxelo umdla Isantya ebhankini.

izinga Bank

Le isaphulelo Umyinge wenzala yebhanki - ntoni na? umthetho Civil akavumi le nkcazelo nayiphi khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo, ekholelwa ukuba oko kuyimfuneko esekelwe kwi ingqiqo eliqhelekileyo womatshini zemali, phantsi apho bakhonza nitshintshane. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukugqiba ukuba kweli nqaku ikhankanya amazinga ezisebenza ngalo mzuzu kwi kwiimalike zemali. Ngamanye amazwi, amazinga izicelo ziibhanki xa enika mboleko kubathengi.

Kuthathelwa ingqalelo iyantlukwano imarike zemali, ngexesha nokuzimisela weerhafu ingqalelo ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo imibandela ethile enxulumene isibophelelo oqhekezwayo. Enye yezi, Kakade ke, ixesha ukusetyenziswa ngokungekho kwemali, ixabiso ityala. Kwezo meko apho kwilizwe otyalwayo ngamaziko eziliqela ezahlukeneyo zemali kunye umdla ngamnye kubo zahlukile enye kwenye, izinga Art. 395 of the Code Civil wasebenzisa avareji, kuboniswa njengepesenti ngamnye ngonyaka.

Ukubalwa umdla yebhanki

I-Code Civil uchaza ulawulo jikelele, ngokusekelwe apho imali nenzala ebalwe ngomhla xa imbopheleleko mali ziya kuzalisekiswa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo into yokokuba umdla bank baboniswa kunokuba ngamandla kuzo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba onetyala ukuvumela ixesha elide, kukho i-risk yokuba umbolekisi alukhange lufumane imbuyekezo efanelekileyo kwilahleko ekungenwe kuyo ngenxa sasiphikisana imbopheleleko wemali. Kulo meko, lo mthetho ubonelela ukuba kungenzeka ukuba otyalwayo ufake ibango phantsi Art. 395 of the Code Civil ukuba ibandakanye ibango ilahleko ngokususela iirhafu zebhanki okhoyo ngemini ngokungeniswa bango. Oko zisekelwe njengepesenti imfuno kunye ngomhla kwisenzo egwebayo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, ukuba ukukhetha ukuba angenise ngayo iimfuno zabo luanduva endodeni.

A ipesenti ethile yesivumelwano

isenzo olumisiweyo kwavela ukuba isixa umdla eziya kufuneka ukuba ahlawule unetyala othe ibambezele imbopheleleko lemali nga kumiselwa kuphela ngumthetho, kodwa kwisivumelwano kwamaqela. Mhlawumbi, ngokuhamba kwexesha, banikwa isiqhelo sokuba umthetho kukukhulula kuyo, imeko apho inzala iya kumiselwe ngumthetho, iya licuthwa ngokucuthwa ukuya ubuncinane.

uhlobo yesivumelwano yokufumanisa loo nzala ukuzuza ekwandiseni ukusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi zoshishino kwabameli zoshishino. Oku kungenxa yokuba nababolekisi uzama ukunciphisa imingcipheko zabo ngokuchasene ngokwemvelaphi kozinzo kuphuhliso ngokubanzi emarikeni kunye nokungazinzi yayo rhoqo. Ngelo xesha, nangona imithetho kwaye musa ukuyibekela kuzo naziphi na izithintelo ngokwexabiso umdla enokuthi ziboniswe kwi isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela (contract), oku akuthethi ukuba nxaxheba ngobuhlobo nga isigqibo ngendlela imali ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Ngenxa yoko, i-Code Civil ichaza kwemida ethile apho amalungelo oluntu ukuba bawuzame. imida ezinjalo, umzekelo, zichazwe ukuba amalungelo nezimvo eziqheliselwe ukunciphisa ukhuphiswano okanye gwenxa isikhundla lubalaseleyo umbutho othile.

Ukusebenza kweenkundla

Court ngokutsha yokusebenza iingxabano zembambano ukuza kuthi ga imi ngolu hlobo. Kwiimeko xa amaqela izivumelwano ekuvunyelwene kwiimeko apho, apho xa besaphula izibophelelo yi onetyala otyalwa uya kuhlawuliswa isigwebo kuye phantsi Art. 395 of Civil Code - isohlwayo, kwaze emva koko ke uya kukwazi ukwenza okungaphezu kunye nokuqokelelwa wenzala kakubi imali abanye abantu. Loo ndawo zeenkundla ulamlo kungenxa yokuba, ngokungqinelana nemigangatho ye-Code Civil, akunakwenzeka ukuba amisele amanyathelo ezimbini unoxanduva sokuboleka kwityala elifanayo.

Xa ilahleko umdla

Oku ngokwenene ukuvela meko apho ungonetyala otyalwayo kungabangela kuye iilahleko ezinjalo, nekungenakwenzeka ukuba nesigqubuthelo lokufumana imali, ethe njengenzala. Kwiimeko ezinjalo umbolekisi unyanzelekile ukuba ubungqina oku, oko kukuthi, uza kufuneka uze nobungqina ukuba ilahleko yena ukuba ubukhulu omkhulu. Xa ukusonjululwa kweembambano ezinjalo ziinkundla ukusebenzisa imithetho jikelele zomthetho ezisebenza sezomthetho bokusilela ukufezekisa imisebenzi. Ukuziqhelisa, iimeko ezinjalo zinqabile. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ukuhla kwesantya senzala bank zibonisa ikakhulu noqoqosho ezenzeka kweli lizwe, yaye oku, ke, sinokuba isiseko kokungeniswa naziphi na ezinye iimfuno umbolekisi kwi imbuyekezo yomonakalo ezongezelelweyo. Ngoko ke, njengoko ezo zinto inokuba uphelelo imali kwamaxabiso ekugqibeleni.

Igama elithi, eqala ukuze afumane inzala

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba inzala ibalwa phambi eyona ogwetyelweyo umhla ukubalwa kunye onetyala. Ngokomthetho okanye ngokwesivumelwano zamaqela, eli thuba ukuze iyanqanyulwa. Lo mzuzu apho ukuqalisa ukutshajisa umdla, lo mthetho akambeki ngqo.

Noko ke, loo nto ixela ukuba ukubala zobugcisa. 395 of the Code Civil kufuneka kwenziwa ukusukela impazamo ilungelo umboleki ukuba bafumane imali yabo. Umzekelo, ukuba isivumelwano phakathi otyalwayo kunye unetyala xesha ukudlulisela imali ngqo wokuqala, i-accrual umdla kufuneka zenziwe ngomhla emva yesibini olungagqibekanga. Ngaloo kwiimeko apho kwavela isibophelelo ukusuka kumtyali emva kokufumana ibango umboleki-mali, i-accrual umdla kufuneka kwenziwe ukususela ekupheleni kwexesha ibalwa ngokudibanisa ukuya kumhla kwexesha yesicelo ngokuqhelekileyo eyimfuneko ekwenzeni kwabo amabango onetyala.