3 phambi Ukrainian: indlela yokulwa. 3rd Ukrainian Front: Uqulunqo

Ngowe-1943, iMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic esese ngokupheleleyo. Kuye kwacaca ukuba izicwangciso ukoyisa amajoni eSoviet Union ngamaNazi ngu "blitzkrieg" aluphumelelanga, kodwa iJamani waba wayesenamandla ngokwaneleyo. impi ababefunde ngolo koyiswa kuphela ukongama kwi lokuSetyenziswa kwaMandla oLuntu kunye nezixhobo umyalelo ngokupheleleyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa yezenzo amaqela amakhulu leeyunithi zomkhosi. Enye yezi zinto kwaba-3 phambi Ukrainian, ogama ukwakheka iye yatshintsha ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha.

3 History of the Front Ukrainian

impi force New ekwacwangciswa ngayo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokumiselwa 2 Ukrainian Front - Oktobha 20, 1943. Isigqibo ukumisela ngaphambili ukuba i gembula Ephakamileyo Commander Stalin i-Red Army. Enyanisweni, 3 Ukrainian Front, ukulwa indlela leyo ithe saa inani amadabi ngempumelelo, ukwakhiwa yayo iye yasilela ekubeni ukwahlulwa entsha ye-Red Army, kuba zibandakanya umkhosi kunye angaphathi walwa kwi-South-Western Front.

Oku ukuthiya ngokutsha iphiko icandelo lokuqala eceleni. Kutheni? Red Army ngelo xesha imimandla bakhululekileyo phantse ye RSFSR, phantsi kolawulo lwamaNazi, baza bangena kummandla Ukraine. Abaninzi baya kuthi: njalo ntoni? Kwaye apha ilele miri! Kukhulule Ukraine, ukuba ukutya ka-Europe, ngoko, le miba iya kuba Ukrainian!

3 phambi Ukrainian: Uqulunqo

Kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ekwakhiweni eentloko ezaxhobela liqulethe kweeyunithi ezahlukeneyo noshowo. Ngo-Oktobha 1943, oko kukuthi, ngoko nangoko emva indalo yayo, phambi siquka iindawo ezinjalo: Guards (1 nowesi-8 Army), Air Force (6, 12, 46th, 17 Army). Ngowe-1944, i-ngaphambili ukuba yomelezwa. Ukuqhelaniswa iindawo ukugxininisa wokulwa ngamandla ngaphambili kunye nomkhosi kwakuxhomekeke imisebenzi ethile imikhosi bethu kwinqanaba elithile eyaqala ngawo. Ngoko ke, ebudeni ubukho ngaphambili zaqaliswa: shoka mnye, abalindi ezimbini, imikhosi ezintlanu itanki, imikhosi eziliqela Bulgarian. Kwezinye imisebenzi kwakufuneka inkxaso evela umkhosi emhlabeni ulwandle, ngoko ke ukwakhiwa abantu zibandakanya iDanube izithuthi. It is a ambaxa iiyunithi yokulwa ezahlukeneyo zisoloko isiphumo oyifunayo.

Umyalelo 3 phambi Ukrainian

Ngexesha ubukho 3 Ukrainian Front akabakhokela 2 umphathi: Malinovskiy Rodion Yakovlevich kunye Tolbuhin Fedor Ivanovich. Yalelani Malinovsky ngokwakhe kwi kwentloko ngaphambili ukusuka kwisiseko wayo - 20 Oktobha 1943. umsebenzi Malinowski umkhosi waqalisa nabasebenzi besikolo alimwi junior kaThixo, emva koko yaba alimwi zazithi- gunners machine. Ngcembe onyuka ileli corporate, Malinowski ekufezeni Military Academy ngo 1930. Emva kokuba Academy wasebenza njengentloko kwabasebenzi kwe webutho, wamahashe, ngelo xesha igosa nabasebenzi North abaseAfrika kunye zezithili zomkhosi Belarussian. Yena inxaxheba kwi-Spanish Civil War. Ngexesha Second World War, sethu impi phantsi kwephiko Army General Malinovsky iphumelele uloyiso ezinkulu ezininzi.

Ukutshintsha kobunkokheli Front ukuba esingenanto kunye nendlela wobugcisa ka-Malinowski ukukhokela amajoni. Nje iimeko inzima ebomini, yayi Patriotic iMfazwe Enkulu. abathetheli Front ziye zatshintsha kaninzi ngokwaneleyo. Ukususela 15 Meyi 1944 ukuya kwi-15 Juni 1945 (umhla wokupheliswa ngaphambili) iqela imikhosi eyayikhokelwa Marshal Tolbukhin. ngobomi bakhe umkhosi phambi ukuqeshwa kule ofisi ephezulu nalo umdla. Kwi-Red Army Tolbukhin ukususela 1918, yena inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Civil. Lonke ixesha wayeligosa abasebenzi Iimbumba asemaNtla naseNtshona, ngokuba nangoko emva ukujoyina i-Red Army washiya amagosa junior esikolweni. Emva kokugqiba i-War Civil Tolbuhin Fedor Ivanovich wakhokela amajoni kwiphondo Novgorod, yena waye eyintloko labasebenzi Yezahlulo nomkhosi 56th kwaye 72th, 1st kunye 19 Rifle lweSizwe, njalo njalo. D. Ukususela 1938 (okunye ukwanda) ibinguye oyintloko abasebenzi District Transcaucasian emkhosini. Kungenxa kule ndawo, bafumana imfazwe.

ukusebenza Red Army kummandla Dnieper

Battle of the Dnieper - iseti iziganeko ezenzeka ebudeni besiqingatha sesibini sonyaka wama-1943. Emva kokoyiswa on the Kursk Velile Lolwana , uHitler, Kakade ke, andilahlekwanga ithuba lokuphumelela, kodwa isikhundla sakhe kakhulu ezingenakuzanyazanyiswa. Agasti 11, 1943 ngokomyalelo umyalelo amaJamani baqalisa ukwakha iindawo sakulukhusela ngapha komgca Dnieper. Oko kukuthi, 3 Ukrainian Front, ukulwa indlela ukuba sifunde, ngokuthe ngcembe phambili kunye nezinye imikhosi Soviet.

Ukususela ngoAgasti 13 September 22, 1943 kwabanjwa Donbass ekhubekisayo. Oku yayisisiqalo edabini ngenxa Dnieper. Donbass baphinde amaNazi ukuba sethu impi kunye lizwe kwakubalulekile ngobuchule ngenxa yokuba ubonelelo ngakumbi izikhali kuyimfuneko phambi Donbass amalahle. Kwakhona Wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba amalahle Ukraine ngexesha umsebenzi amaNazi kusetyenziswa.

Poltavskii-operation Chernigivska

Ngaxeshanye kunye kokuqala kwekhefu Donbas ukususela-26 Agasti, i-Red Army lasungula yosizi ngakwicala Poltava kunye Chernihiv. Kakade ke, ezi zinto zonke ukuchasa kwethu zange abengezelayo, nangoko, kodwa ngokucwangcisiweyo yaye ngokuthe ngcembe. Fascists abanawo amandla ngokuzikhama zizimvo ekhubekisayo eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet neengcambu.

Eqonda ukuba lo ndlela kuphela ukunqanda kwangaphambili ezaxhobela Soviet baya kuba kuphela ekudibaneni Dnieper, amaJamani ukususela ngoSeptemba 15, 1943 waqala baleka. Babefuna 3 Ukrainian Front, ukulwa indlela eyathi yaqhuba ngempumelelo, kunye nezinye babemise ayikwazi ukufaka kumazibuko Sea Black, niwele Dnieper ufumane ukuya eCrimea. Ukutyhubela fascists Dnieper becala imikhosi ezinkulu nokwakha ezinkulu kakhulu.

Iimpumelelo yesigaba sokuqala edabini ukuba Dnieper

Ngo-Agasti nangoSeptemba, amajoni Soviet wakhulula izixeko ezininzi imimandla. Ngoko ke, ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, siye sakhululwa ngokupheleleyo Donbass. Kwakhona phantsi yiSoviet kulawula umva izixeko ezifana Glukhov, Konotop, Sevsk, Poltava, Kremenchug, iilali ezininzi kunye needolophu ezincinci. Ukongeza, kwiindawo ezininzi (kummandla Kremenchug, Dneprodzerzhinsk, Verhnedneprovsk, Dnepropetrovsk) sakwazi ukuwela Dnieper nokwakha bridgehead phezu kodonga lasekhohlo. Kweli nqanaba, sikwazile ukwenza njengesikhundla omhle impumelelo engakumbi.

Movement lamabutho ekupheleni kuka-1943

Ukususela ngo-Oktobha ukuya kuDisemba 1943 kwi historiography imfazwe kubabela elo xesha lesibini edabini ngenxa Dnieper. Kwezi amadabi nabo inxaxheba 3 phambi Ukrainian. Ukulwa indlela abantu bethu bonke Kunzima, kuba amaJamani akwazi ukwakha eyomeleleyo "East Wall" ecaleni Dnieper. Umsebenzi wokuqala yomkhosi zethu ziye lula ukuphelisa zonke iinqaba predmostovye ezakhiwe ngamaNazi.

Umyalelo wayeqonda ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ayeke lohlaselo. Namabutho babenyuka! 3 phambi Ukrainian (ukulwa umendo wawela kunye nezinye imigca kwizihlandlo zinongqameko) ebibanjelwe Nizhnedneprovskiy ekhubekisayo. Kwakunzima kakhulu ukuba akhusele Utshaba, kuba ngelo xesha baqalisa ukuyilwa imikhosi ukuba nastuplenieya ku eKiev kunye Bukrin bridgehead. imikhosi utshaba Large zigigqithiselwa sisigcina of Kiev, ngenxa yokuba esi sixeko yaba yeyona ibalulekileyo kuba utshaba kumgca, kwaye eyesibini ibalulekileyo emva eMoscow. De ngoDisemba 20, 1943 imikhosi bethu bakwazi ukukhulula zixeko zibalulekileyo Dnipropetrovsk kunye Zaporizhia, aze asithimbe bridgeheads enkulu phezu kodonga lasekunene Dnieper. Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba agubungele kokurhoxa amajoni aseJamani ukusuka eCrimea. Battle of the Dnieper baphela uloyiso amabutho Soviet.

3 umkhosi phambi Ukrainian kulo msebenzi baye babonisa indlela engcono. Kakade ke, ilahleko eSoviet yawo mikhulu, kodwa loo impi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba benze ngaphandle ilahleko. Kwaye ke inqanaba lophuhliso yamayeza wayengekho njengoko ngoku ...

imikhosi ukusebenza yiSoviet e Moldova

imikhosi Soviet ngo-1944 yaye waqhubeka ukuba akhulule Ukraine. Kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-1944, imikhosi zethu lasungula ngokuchasene Moldova naseRomania. Ezi kuhlaselwa edume wehla embalini njengoko ukusebenza War Iasi-Kishinev.

Nxamnye imikhosi Soviet onamandla ezibalulekileyo kakhulu isiJamani, amajoni malunga 900 000 kunye namagosa. Against kwala mabutho kwafuneka ukuhlasela ngamandla, ukuze isiphumo ukumangala kuye kwaphunyezwa. Lohlaselo laqala ngo-Agasti 20, 1944. Kwanangaphambi ekuseni ngo-Agasti 24, i-Red Army waphuncuka ngaphambili kunye ngokubanzi 4 iintsuku phambili ayi-140 emhlabeni. Kumda kunye amajoni Romania 2 no-3 Front Ukrainian ekufikelelwe Agasti 29 ukulujikeleza ulonakalise phambi kokuba imikhosi yaseJamani kummandla lo mfula. ukukhuthazwa ngempumelelo imikhosi 3 Ukrainian Front kukhokelele revolution eRomania. Changed urhulumente, ilizwe zihlasele iJamani.

It ngokuzithandela iyantlukwano eziliqela, owokuqala leyo yaba yinxalenye kwasekwa 3 phambi Ukrainian. Ziqala yomkhosi joint eSoviet-isiRomania yaqhubeka. imikhosi Agasti 31 ahlala Bucharest.

Yosizi Romania

LeMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941-1945 yanika amava elihle lokuba eSoviet amajoni emfazweni. Ngexesha ekulweni izakhono kwasekwa ukulwa utshaba kwaye baqhube imisebenzi ekhubekisayo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1944, xa umkhosi wamaNazi wayengasekho ndomelele njengokuba ngowe-1941, kungenzeka ukuba bayeke i-Red Army wayengekho apho.

Emva kokuba kukhululwe umyalelo isiRomania mkhosi waqonda ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba aye kwiiBalkans yaye eBulgaria, ngenxa yokuba kusekho imikhosi ezinkulu Wehrmacht kanzulu. Xolelwa eRomania lwagqitywa ngo Oktobha 1944. Last isixeko ekhulula ngesiRomania ngeli marshbroska - Satu Mare. amabutho Eminye eSoviet waya iHungary, nto leyo nayo ekugqibeleni ukumelana notshaba.

Iasi-Kishinev msebenzi uye waba ngomnye yimpumelelo kakhulu emfazweni, ngokuba Bakuba bekhululwe iindawo ezinkulu, kwaye uHitler waphulukana Omnye umhlobo.

isiphelo

Ngexesha lemfazwe kummandla ezaxhobela Ukrainian alwa izimpi 4. Ngamnye kubo icandelo Ukrainian zemfazwe kwimbali kwethuba ukususela 1941 ukuya 1944, washiya uphawu ebalulekileyo kwimeko yenkululeko Ukraine ukusuka bahlaseli zamaNazi. Indima phambi nganye, inxalenye ngamnye uloyiso phezu utshaba ebulalayo, mhlawumbi, akukho kodwa kwaziswa ngokupheleleyo-mbali kunye nabantu ngokubanzi. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba 3 Ukrainian Front, ukulwa indlela leyo iphele ngoJuni 1945, wenze igalelo elibonakalayo uloyiso, kuba phambi abantu zakhutshwa kwimimandla ebalulekileyo industrial USSR.

LeMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu ka 1941-1945 - i umzekelo uqulukubhode inkulu yabantu ngamazwe Soviet.