Iimpawu zensimbi kunye non-metallic: itafile njengendawo ephawulekayo

Umxholo we "zinyithi" zonke zicinga ngenye indlela. Intsimbi, isiliva, igolide, ubhedu, ukhokelo. La magama ahlala efumaneka kwiindaba, ngoko ke bambalwa baya kubuza umbuzo malunga nantoni na. Kwaye kwakungeke kube buhlungu ukuba ufunde malunga neyiphi intsimbi evela kwimbono yechemist kunye ne-physicist, ukuba ufuna ukufumana umfanekiso wesimo sehlabathi entloko yakho. Kwaye ngokugqibezela kolwazi kwesi sihloko, akuyi kuba buhlungu ukuba ufunde ngamanye amaqela - angabonakaliyo kunye ne-metalloids. Ziziphi izakhiwo zensimbi kunye nezingezantsi zetsimbi?

Ukuba imemori yahluleka

Izinto ezingekho zinyithi zibonakala ziyimfihlelo, ingakumbi kulabo abangazikhumbuli izifundo zekhemistry zesikolo, ngoko siza kugxininisa kwiimpawu ezingezantsi zetsimbi, kunye nezitye, ngokulandelanayo, kufuneka zibhekwe njengezinto ezichaseneyo. Ngenxa yokuba awukhumbuli, akukho nto ihlazo, kunzima ukuba ingqondo yomntu igcine ingqalelo ingcaciso engadingiyo imihla ngemihla. Ngoko, makhe sibhale iipropati ezingezantsi zetsimbi kunye namazwana kuzo ukuba ziqondwe ngakumbi.

Akukho bushushu okanye umbane

Izinyithi ezingezizo zibi kakhulu kunezinyithi ziqhuba umbane, kunye nokushisa. Ngoko ke, umguba we-ceramic, okokuqala, ungcono ukugcina ubushushu ngaphezu kwesinyithi, kwaye okwesibini, amathuba okutshisa isandla kumjelo onjalo uncinci kunokuba umkhosi wejoni wensimbi. Yaye ukhumbule, ngenxa yezizathu zokuphepha, awukwazi ukutsala isinyithi ukusuka kumthombo woluntu ochaphazelekayo. Kodwa umthi unokusetyenziswa, ikhabhoni emthini - engekho isinyithi. Ipropati yesinyithi ukuqhuba kakuhle ngoku, izakhiwo ezingafaniyo ziquka ukuqhuba okuphantsi.

Ukuzihlaziya okanye ukungena

Izinto ezinobungqina kwizinto ezingezizo zinyithi zidla ngokugqithisileyo okanye, ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimeko ezizinzileyo, zikhona ngefowder. Izitshixo zingenakunyuswa, zingathabatha iifom eziqhenqileyo ezingavamile (ngale mgangatho zisetyenziswe kwisiseko) phantsi kwefuthe lezixhobo kunye nobushushu. Awukwazi ukusebenza kwiinto ezingekho zinyithi. Izinto ezingekho zinyithi ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona zivela kwiifom zeeqhekeza, zihlala zinobunzima obuphantsi kwaye zibonakala zibuhlungu.

Ithebula njengemephu yeendawo

Ukuba u "hamba" ukusuka kwitheyibhile yenkcazelo ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, qiniseka ukuba uqaphela ukuba izakhiwo ezingezantsi zetsimbi ziphakanyiswa ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla. I-Helium - eyona nto "eyona mfundi obalaseleyo ongeyinyithi". Kodwa ukuba uhla etafileni, izakhiwo ezingezantsi zetsimbi ziphela. Iimetali ziba nzima xa uhla etafuleni leMendeleev. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokwetafile ye-Mendeleyev, umntu unokuthi acinge iipropati zezinto ezilula ezibandakanya i-athomu zezinto ezithile. Iimpawu "phakathi" zibizwa ngokuba yi-metalloids kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswe ngobunjineli bombane njengama-semiconductors.

Iintlawulo ezingezizo zinyithi

Akukho mhlaba oqhelekileyo wesicelo kuzo zonke ezingekho izinyithi. Ngamnye unayo "ubuchule" bakhe, kuba izinto ezingenakulinganiswa zihlukile. Iigesi ezingenayo zisetyenziselwa ukukhangisa kwangaphandle, i-selenium-ye-toners kwishishini lokushicilela, isulfure iya kumdlalo. Sisoloko sidibana kwizinto zobomi bemihla ngemihla equkethe izixhobo ezingenayo i-nonmetallic derivatives.

Ngaloo ndlela, iipropati ezingenayo i-nonmetallic, ezinjengezinyithi, ziyakwazi ukuqikelelwa kwiThebula leMendeleyev. Yaye le meko iyathakazelisa, kuba itafile iqulethe iimfihlelo ezininzi ezingabonakaliyo ezivumela ukuba izazinzulu zikhangele phambili nakwixesha elizayo. Inomdla ngokukhethekileyo kwikamva ye-metalloids.